Abubuwan sinadaran maganin daskarewa g11, g12, g13
Abun abun ciki
Tushen coolants (sanyi) shine ruwa mai narkewa da gauraye da mono- da polyhydric alcohols a cikin rabbai daban-daban. Hakanan ana gabatar da masu hana lalata da abubuwan ƙara mai kyalli (dyes) a cikin abubuwan tattarawa. Ethylene glycol, propylene glycol ko glycerin (har zuwa 20%) ana amfani dashi azaman tushen barasa.
- ruwa distillate
Ana amfani da ruwa mai tsabta, mai laushi. In ba haka ba, ma'auni a cikin nau'i na carbonate da phosphates adibas zai samar a kan radiyo grille da ganuwar bututu.
- Ethanediol
Dihydric cikakken barasa, mara launi da wari. Ruwa mai guba mai guba tare da wurin daskarewa na -12 ° C. Yana da kaddarorin lubricating. Don samun shirye-shiryen maganin daskarewa, ana amfani da cakuda 75% ethylene glycol da 25% ruwa. An yi watsi da abun da ke cikin abubuwan ƙari (kasa da 1%).
- Propanediol
Hakanan shine propylene glycol - homologue mafi kusa na ethanediol tare da atom ɗin carbon guda uku a cikin sarkar. Ruwa mara guba tare da ɗanɗano mai ɗan ɗaci. Maganin daskarewa na kasuwanci na iya ƙunsar 25%, 50%, ko 75% propylene glycol. Saboda tsadar farashi, ana amfani da shi ƙasa da yawa fiye da etanediol.
Nau'in ƙari
Ethylene glycol antifreeze ga motoci oxidizes a cikin dogon lokaci aiki da kuma samar da glycolic, kasa da yawa formic acid. Don haka, an halicci yanayi na acidic mara kyau ga karfe. Don keɓance hanyoyin oxidative, ana shigar da abubuwan da ake ƙara anti-lalata a cikin mai sanyaya.
- Inorganic lalata inhibitors
Ko "gargajiya" - gaurayawan dangane da silicates, nitrate, nitrite ko phosphate salts. Irin waɗannan abubuwan ƙari suna aiki azaman buffer alkaline kuma suna samar da fim ɗin inert akan saman ƙarfe, wanda ke hana tasirin barasa da samfuran iskar oxygen. Antifreezes tare da masu hana inorganic suna da alamar "G11" kuma suna da launin kore ko shuɗi. An haɗa masu hana inorganic a cikin abun da ke ciki na maganin daskarewa, mai sanyaya a cikin gida. Rayuwar sabis ta iyakance ga shekaru 2.
- Masu hana kwayoyin halitta
Saboda ƙayyadaddun albarkatun masu hana inorganic, an haɓaka ƙarin abokantaka na muhalli da kuma juriya na sinadarai, carboxylates, an haɓaka su. Gishiri na acid carboxylic ba ya kare duk aikin aiki, amma kawai tsakiyar lalata, yana rufe yankin tare da fim din bakin ciki. An tsara shi azaman "G12". Rayuwar sabis - har zuwa shekaru 5. Suna da launin ja ko ruwan hoda.
- Gauraye
A wasu lokuta, "kwayoyin halitta" suna haɗuwa da "inorganics" don samun magungunan antifreezes. Ruwan shine cakuda carboxylates da inorganic salts. Tsawon lokacin amfani bai wuce shekaru 3 ba. Koren launi.
- Lobrid
A abun da ke ciki na maida hankali a cikin irin wannan hali ya hada da ma'adinai reagents da kwayoyin anti-lalata Additives. Tsohon ya samar da nanofilm a kan dukkanin saman karfen, na karshen yana kare wuraren da aka lalace. Tsawon lokacin amfani ya kai shekaru 20.
ƙarshe
Mai sanyaya mai sanyaya yana saukar da wurin daskarewa na ruwa kuma yana rage ƙimar haɓakawa. Abubuwan sinadaran maganin daskarewa shine cakuda ruwa mai narkewa tare da barasa, kuma ya haɗa da masu hana lalata da rini.
