SpaceX jirgin sama

A wannan lokacin, aikin jirgin ruwa na Star Ship "A Workshop" shine samfurin tashi na roka da ƙungiyar Elon Musk ta tsara, wanda aka tsara don jiragen sama da yawa zuwa yankunan Marrian na gaba. Wani aiki mai ban sha'awa, labari mai ban sha'awa, samfurin ban sha'awa ba kome ba ne sai nazarin wani batu da kuma aiwatar da abin da aka yi a baya. Makomar yau ce!

Mai raye-rayen wannan kasada ta sararin samaniya hali ne mai tsananin launi. A farkon damar, yana da kyau a duba sosai - amma a yanzu, a taƙaice kawai kuma daga ra'ayi na bukatun ƙirar mu.

Elon Reeve Musk

An haife shi a cikin 1971, an haife shi a Pretoria (Afirka ta Kudu), ya yi aiki na shekaru da yawa a Arewacin Amurka, ɗan kasuwa mai hangen nesa, masanin tattalin arziki da ilimin kimiyya (tare da digiri na farko), wanda ya kafa, da sauransu, Neuralink Hyperloop da Kamfanin Boring.

Yana da shekaru goma, ya sayi kwamfutarsa ​​ta farko kuma ya koyi shirye-shirye. Bayan shekaru biyu, ya sayar da ainihin shirinsa akan dalar Amurka 500. Bayan ya koma Kanada (inda ya tsere daga aikin soja), yana tsaftace tukunyar jirgi, yana aiki a gona, a injin katako da katako. Daga nan sai ya koma Toronto don yin aiki a sashen IT na ɗaya daga cikin bankunan kuma ya yi karatu a lokaci guda. Bayan kammala karatunsa, ya ƙaura zuwa Amurka.

Living Legend of Aviation (Kitty Hawk Foundation, 2010), Von Braun Award (wanda National Space Society ya ba shi don "jagoranci manyan nasarori a binciken sararin samaniya a 2008/2009"), Doctorate na girmamawa a sararin samaniya (Jami'ar Surrey, UK) da kuma har ma da digiri na girmamawa daga AGH a Krakow - kuma mai jan wutar lantarki mai iya canzawa ya ɓace a sarari.

SpaceX

Elon Musk kuma shine Shugaba kuma CTO na Fasahar Binciken Sararin Samaniya - a takaice. SpaceX. An ƙirƙiri shi ne don ƙira da kera motocin harba jiragen sama. Manufar da Musk ya kafa mata ita ce ta rage farashin jiragen sama sau ɗari (!) - yawanci saboda sababbin abubuwa, rokoki da aka yi amfani da su akai-akai.

Irin wannan roka na farko na SpaceX shine Falcon 1 (a shekara ta 2009, wannan kuma shine karo na farko da aka harba tauraron dan adam mai zaman kansa a sararin samaniyar duniya a tarihin 'yan sama jannati). Na biyu Falcon 9 (2010) - Babban aikinsa shi ne harba jirgin nasa zuwa sararin samaniya Macijin, wanda a karshe kuma aka yi amfani da shi wajen samar da tashar sararin samaniya ta kasa da kasa.

1. Tauraro na yau asali ba sunaye daban-daban bane kawai, har ma da mabanbanta ra'ayoyi da halayen fasaha. Zane yana ci gaba da ci gaba kuma ana sa ran ƙarin gyare-gyare. 2-4. Ƙirƙirar ƙirar SpaceX mafi ban tsoro har zuwa yau, haɗe da siffar ɗan adam, yana ba mutum damar tunanin girman roka.

Shaida ga yuwuwar kamfanin shine cewa a shekara ta 2008 ya samu kwangilar dalar Amurka biliyan 1,6 don gudanar da jigilar jirage guda goma sha biyu zuwa tashar sararin samaniya ta kasa da kasa (a nan gaba kuma don ayyukan da suka dace). An ma fi girma kwangila fiye da game da Aikin DART (Gwajin Juyawa Asteroid sau biyu), darajar dala miliyan 69. Wannan manufa irin ta Armageddon (tauraron tauraron Bruce Willis) an shirya kaddamar da ita a watan Yuni 2021 don canza hanyar jirgin asteroid Didymos ta amfani da tauraron dan adam mai kwazo na Falcon 9. Aikin zai kasance a watan Oktoba 2022, lokacin da asteroid zai kasance kusan miliyan 11. km daga Duniya. Wannan gwajin fasaha ne kawai, amma wa ya sani - watakila godiya ga wannan za mu iya kare kanmu daga ainihin Armageddon na duniya a nan gaba ...?

Duk da haka, kamar yadda ya faru da ayyukan majagaba, nasara mai ban sha'awa a wasu lokuta suna haɗuwa tare da ci baya mai tsanani. Dragon 1 ya riga ya yi jirginsa na farko da ya yi nasara tare da wani dan sama jannati da kuma dunkulewar duniya. Abin takaici, a cikin Afrilu 2019, Dragon 2 ya lalace yayin gwajin gaggawa - kuma hakan yana jefa shakku kan amfani da shi wajen jigilar mutane nan gaba kadan ...

Starship

Starship shine sunan roka na baya-bayan nan, wanda shine jigon aikin A cikin Bita (Muska ya sanar da hakan ta hanyar Twitter a ranar 20 ga Nuwamba, 2018). Hakanan shine sabon shigar roka wanda akafi sani da Interplanetary Transport System (ITS), Mars Colonial Transporter (MCT) da Big Falcon Rocket (BFR).

An ƙirƙira shi daidai da sauran roka na SpaceX, Starship yakamata ya karɓi ayyukan Falcon 9, wato, isar da kayan aikin da ake buƙata a cikin kewayar duniya, ko wataƙila ma ma'aikatan ISS. Kuma wannan shine farkon! Manyan tsare-tsare sun hada da yin gyare-gyaren roka guda uku: kaya, da man fetur da kuma tankar da ke kewaye. Ya kamata tsarin ya samar da jiragen biyu zuwa wata da jigilar mutane da kayan aiki don mulkin mallaka zuwa duniyar Mars. A cikin kashi na farko, Starhooper mai ƙafa XNUMX (wanda aka riga an gina shi, sannan guguwar ta lalace kuma aka sake ginawa) za ta zama wurin gwajin don tsarin tsarin Starship.

5. Abubuwa daban-daban na tsarin - na farko daga hagu, Starhopper, shine kawai dandamali mai aiki don nemo mafita (musamman tsarin don saukowa daidai). 6. Maharan sun ce abubuwan da Musk ya wallafa a shafukansa na sada zumunta ba komai ba ne kamar hotunan da aka sake gyara na abin daga shafin SpaceX, har ma da danyen hotunan da masu sha'awar sha'awa suka dauka ... 7. ... Duk da haka, kamar yadda ya dace da jagora na gaskiya, Elon Musk ya yi kadan - yana da burin - ya mallaki duniyar Mars! 9. Hakanan akwai PR da yawa game da hasumiya ta farawa - cewa yana da ban dariya sosai cewa ba zai yi aiki ba, da sauransu. Me za ta kasance da gaske? Mu gani!

Ya kuma bayyana cewa a shekarar 2023 attajirin nan dan kasar Japan zai yi shawagi a sararin samaniyar duniyar wata a matsayin wani bangare na yawon bude ido. Yusaku Maezawa tare da gungun masu fasaha na 6-8 da aka zaɓa (idan wani daga cikin masu karatu yana sha'awar siyan tikitin, irin wannan tafiya na mako guda kawai yana kashe dala miliyan 70 ...).

8. Har ila yau, Elon yana iya jan hankalin wasu da ra'ayinsa, kamar hamshakin dan kasuwan e-commerce na kasar Japan wanda ya sayi tikitin yawo a duniyar wata - ko da yake rokar da za ta tashi a can ta rage a kan fuskar masu zanen kaya da masu zane-zane.

Duk da matsaloli da bambance-bambancen da ke tattare da ayyukan a cikin irin waɗannan lokuta, ƙwarewar da aka riga aka nuna na "mahaukacin mafarki" da sakamakon da ya samu ya kamata a kimanta. Starship alama kamar ɗaya daga cikin manyan nasarorin da Elon Musk zai samu a nan gaba - Na tabbata za mu sake jin labarin su duka.   

10 A matakin farko na jirgin, za a ƙaddamar da Starship zuwa sararin samaniya ta hanyar amfani da Superheavy, abin hawa da za a sake amfani da shi. Bayan ya rabu da shi, zai tashi zuwa duniyar wata, ya koma doron kasa ta hanyar amfani da injinansa. 11 Hudu daga cikin ballasts biyar na Starship za a iya sake shirya su - don sufuri ko, kamar yadda a cikin wannan hangen nesa, don ƙarin kwanciyar hankali sake shiga cikin yanayin duniya. 12 Elon Musk har yanzu yana da kalubale da yawa a gaba, amma duk alamu sun nuna cewa akwai yiwuwar akwai kuma nasarori masu ban sha'awa da yawa waɗanda matsakaitan masu cin abinci ba zai iya tunanin…

Mini-Mars roka mai amfani da iska

A cikin wannan sashe na kowane wata da muka fi so (duba tebur gaba ɗaya), zaku iya karanta sau da yawa game da aminci, samfuran rokoki marasa foda - wannan kuma ya kasance ɗayan mafi kyawun nau'ikan samfura a cikin ɗakunan studio na Cibiyar Al'adun Matasa, wanda na directed, shekaru masu yawa. shekaru. Nicolaus Copernicus a cikin Wroclaw, da sauransu. Makamin mai linzamin ¾” ya fi kama da aikin yau, wanda aka ƙaddamar da shi musamman daga masu harba ƙafa, kuma an bayyana shi a cikin “A Workshop” a cikin 2013.

Wannan lokacin na yanke shawarar yin zane a matsayin mai sauƙi kamar yadda zai yiwu. rabin gilashin Elon BFR, Saboda haka baka na kashi biyu (da kyau, watakila tare da ƙarin, mafi kyawun izgili fiye da mafita na baya, plywood na waje). Tun da yake a halin yanzu na sami mafi ƙarancin (kuma mai rahusa!) 28mm wiring pipes, Ina ba da shawarar irin wannan nau'in ƙaddamarwa don kunna samfurin mu.

13 Zane na samfurin da aka gabatar a cikin labarin ya dogara ne akan nasarar 2013 matasa fasahar da ke tallafawa ƙirar roka. Shugaban guda biyu yana da sauƙin haɗuwa kuma ya riga ya tabbatar da kansa akan ɗaruruwan irin waɗannan samfuran. Ballasts sun fi sauƙi fiye da wannan ƙirar. 14 Tushen aikin haɗin gwiwa zai kasance: saitin sassan samfurin da aka buga akan kwali (A4, 160 g / m2) da bututun shigarwa na lantarki tare da diamita na 28 mm da tsayin 30 cm - in babu damar yin amfani da waɗannan. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da kwantena tare da allunan "plush" ko bututun ruwa ¾ (26 mm) ta hanyar ƙirƙira ƙirar a cikin panel ɗin firinta daidai. 15 Masu daidaitawa na gaba musamman suna buƙatar daraja kafin yanke. Ta hanyar huda kwali a wuraren da suka dace tare da fil, za ku iya amfani da waɗannan ramukan don yin yanke mai kyau a ɗaya gefen. 16 An yanke dukkan abubuwa kuma an shirya don ninkawa - taron zai fara nan da nan! 17 Duk da haka, kafin mu fara nadewa ƙwanƙwasa, kuna buƙatar daidaita bututun ƙaddamarwa. Manne kai tsaye zuwa bututun da za a harba roka din ba ya cika samun nasara. Mafi kyawun bayani shine shirya samfuri tare da diamita mafi girma dan kadan don ƙirar ta ɗaga mai ƙaddamarwa a hankali. Hanya mafi sauƙi don yin wannan ita ce liƙa tafe biyu na abin rufe fuska a kan bututu (zoba). 18 Ana iya auna diamita na manufa (29mm) tare da caliper, amma mai mulkin tsiri na takarda zai yi aiki mai kyau a nan (sai dai idan an ƙididdige bugu). Ma'aunin kewaya ya kamata ya zama 91 mm. 19 Manna jikin roka yana da darajar yin aiki akan takarda sharar gida. Don gluing, Ina ba da shawarar yin amfani da mannen sihirin da aka diluted (POW mai bushewa da sauri). Ya kamata a danna manne da ƙarfi, danna wurin da za a haɗa shi da ƙananan roba (misali gefen hagu na kushin linzamin kwamfuta). 20 Haɗin da aka yi da kyau ya kamata ya zama santsi da tsabta. 21 Bayan an manne fuselage zuwa sashinsa na sama, ana liƙa plywood na waje a ciki (bayan haka, wannan ƙaramin dummi ne).

Kamar yadda yake a yawancin ayyukan da suka gabata, wannan kuma yana dogara ne akan tsari na musamman da aka shirya, wanda za'a iya saukewa daga gidan yanar gizon mawallafi (ko gidan yanar gizon marubuci - MODELmaniak.PL). Don buga shi, kawai za ku buƙaci firinta na gida baki da fari da takarda daga fasahar fasaha, kuma kuna buƙatar: 28 cm yanki na bututun lantarki tare da diamita na XNUMX mm (daga talauci, ana iya samun dan kadan. guntu "tube" bayan narkar da ƙari Allunan) da kuma 'yan asali kayan aikin , wanda za su iya samu a mafi yawan gida bitar.

Zai fi kyau a bi cikakkun bayanan ƙira akan zane-zane da hotuna da aka haɗe zuwa labarin da ke kwatanta matakan taro na mutum ɗaya.

Ana iya yin gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwaje tare da irin wannan samfurin a gida (harbi mai laushi a kan labule zai kare hanci na roka). Hakanan zaka iya harba roka da rokar baki ko kafa, har ma da shiga gasar roka ta iska. Ba shi da wahala a tsara su a tsakanin abokan aiki, a cikin kulob ko a makaranta, ko da yake saboda ɗan gajeren jiki fiye da yadda aka saba, bai kamata a yi tsammanin rikodin rikodi mai nisa daga irin wannan samfurin ba - babban fa'idarsa shine ta. bayyanar asali. da labari mai ban sha'awa.

Ko da wane nau'in na'urar harba da wurin tashi ne, duk wani ma'aikacin jannati mai ma'ana ko da yaushe an haramta shi da nufin kusa da kowane ido. (mutum da dabba - har ma daga broth!).

A al'ada, Ina fata masu yin wasan kwaikwayon da aka gabatar da su sa'a a cikin aikin su da yawa mai kyau, tashi da kuma ko da yaushe lafiya fun! Ina ƙarfafa ku da ku tuntuɓi masu gyara na "Młodego Technika" ko ni, ta hanyar shafukan fasaha na matasa ko shafukan samfurin-manic - duka a cikin matsala kuma idan an yi nasara!

Irin wannan nau'in racquet yana da kyau don zanga-zangar ko gasa ga masu zanen sararin samaniya na roka na cikin gida (an yi su a Wroclaw shekaru da yawa). Wani abu mai ban sha'awa shi ne cewa a cikin wannan hoton daga gasar da ba a yi nasara ba ya nuna cewa akwai samfurori guda uku da kuma ra'ayoyi guda uku da "Młodego Technika" ya bayyana "Papa yana cikin bitar".

A cikin gasa na roka na cikin gida, mutum yana tashi daga bakin magana kuma ya tashi zuwa matsakaicin nisa (har zuwa bene - alama da ribbons kowace mita). Koyaya, mai yin roka mai ban sha'awa, kyakkyawa ko sabon abu (misali, kamar a cikin wannan labarin!) Hakanan yana iya samun lambar yabo.

Ana iya amfani da samfuri iri ɗaya don ƙirƙirar mafi girma (kamar balloons) da ƙananan rokoki. Har ila yau, babban batu ne ga kowane nau'i na fasaha na sha'awar da'irori, kulake, dakunan zane-zane - har ma da azuzuwan jami'a (an hoton marubucin a lokacin lacca ga daliban Jami'ar Yara).

Don haka, kada mu bari Elon ya riske mu.

Hakanan ya cancanci kallo: https://www.kosmicznapropaganda.pl/jak-zmienial-sie-projekt-big-falcon-rocket-i-big-falcon-spaceship/ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/ wiki / BFR_ (makami mai linzami)

Makamantan labaran da marubucin ya yi a cikin "A taron bitar", wanda aka buga a cikin "Młody Technik" 01/2008 MT-08 makami mai linzami (cal. 15 mm) 06/2008 Supersonic concorde (cal. 15 mm) 12/2008 Rocket for plush ( tsabar kudi) 08/2010 Roka - balloon 10/2013 Masu harba roka masu yawo 11/2013 Roka mai yawo (ft, cal. ¾”) 01/2017 rokan bambaro (3-7 mm cal.)

Ƙididdigar ta ƙare: 3,2,1…;o)