Karkashin igiya: menene shi, me yasa ake buƙatarsa, alamun aiki mara aiki

Kamar yadda duk masu motoci suka sani, man gas da dizal suna aiki ne bisa ƙa'idodi daban-daban. Idan a cikin injin dizal ana hura mai daga zafin jikin iska wanda aka matse shi a cikin silinda (iska kawai ke cikin dakin yayin bugun matsawa, kuma ana kawo man dizal a karshen bugun), to a cikin man analo mai wannan aiwatar da aiki ta hanyar walƙiya wanda aka samar da walƙiya.

Mun riga munyi magana game da injin konewa na ciki daki-daki raba bita... Yanzu zamu maida hankali kan wani bangare daban na tsarin ƙonewa, akan aikin da kwanciyar hankalin injin ya dogara dashi. Wannan shine murfin wuta.

Daga ina walƙiya take fitowa? Me yasa akwai kewaya a cikin tsarin ƙonewa? Waɗanne irin abubuwan motsawa suke? Ta yaya suke aiki kuma wane nau'in na'urar suke da shi?

Menene murfin ƙwanƙwasa mota

Domin man fetur a cikin silinda ya kunna, haɗin waɗannan abubuwan yana da mahimmanci:

• Adadin isasshen iska (bawul ɗin ɗamarar yana da alhakin wannan);
• Kyakkyawan haɗuwa da iska da fetur (wannan ya dogara nau'in tsarin mai);
• Kyakkyawan walƙiya (an kafa ta walƙiya matosai, amma murfin wuta ne ke haifar da bugun jini) ko fitarwa a tsakanin dubu 20 na wuta;
• Sakin ya kamata ya faru yayin da VTS a cikin silinda ya riga ya matse, kuma piston ta inertia ya bar saman matacciyar cibiyar (ya dogara da yanayin aikin motar, ana iya samar da wannan bugun ɗan lokaci kaɗan fiye da wannan lokacin ko kuma daga baya ).

Duk da yake mafi yawan waɗannan abubuwan sun dogara ne akan aikin allura, lokacin bawul da sauran tsarin, murfin ne yake haifar da bugun jini mai ƙarfi. Anan ne irin wannan babban ƙarfin yake fitowa daga tsarin 12-volt.

A cikin tsarin ƙonewa na motar mai, keɓaɓɓen ƙaramin abu ne wanda ƙananan kayan lantarki ne. Ya ƙunshi ƙaramin tiran wuta wanda ke adana kuzari kuma, idan ya cancanta, yana sakin wadatar duka. A lokacin da aka kunna iska mai karfin wuta, ya riga ya kusan volts dubu 20.

Tsarin wuta kanta yana aiki bisa ga ƙa'idar da ke tafe. Lokacin da aka kammala bugun matsawa a cikin wani silinda, firikwensin crankshaft yana aika ƙaramin sigina ga ECU game da buƙatar walƙiya. Lokacin da murfin ke cikin hutawa, yana aiki a yanayin adana makamashi.

Bayan da aka karɓi sigina game da samuwar walƙiya, sashin sarrafawa yana kunna murfin motsawa, wanda zai buɗe windo ɗaya kuma ya rufe mai ƙarfin lantarki. A wannan lokacin, ana fitar da kuzarin da ake buƙata. Motsawar yana wucewa ta cikin mai rarrabawa, wanda ke tantance wane fulogogin wuta yake buƙatar kuzari. Halin yanzu yana gudana ta cikin manyan wayoyi masu ƙarfin lantarki da aka haɗa da matosai masu walƙiya.

A cikin tsofaffin motoci, an kunna tsarin ƙonewa tare da mai rarrabawa wanda ke rarraba wutar lantarki a cikin fulogin fitila kuma yana kunna / kashe kunna murfin murfin. A cikin injuna na zamani, irin wannan tsarin yana da nau'in sarrafa lantarki.

Kamar yadda kake gani, ana buƙatar murfin ƙonewa don ƙirƙirar bugun ƙarfin gajere mai gajeren lokaci. Ana adana makamashi ta hanyar wutar lantarki ta abin hawa (baturi ko janareta).

Na'urar da ƙa'idar aiki na murfin ƙonewa

Hoton ya nuna ɗayan nau'ikan murfin.

Dogaro da nau'in, gajeren hanyar zai iya ƙunsar:

1. Injin da ke hana kwararar ruwa daga na'urar;
2. Batun da aka tattara dukkan abubuwan (mafi yawancin lokuta ƙarfe ne, amma kuma akwai takwarorinsu na filastik waɗanda aka yi da abu mai jure zafi);
3. Takaddun takarda;
4. Tsarin farko, wanda aka yi shi da kebul mai haske, ya sami rauni a cikin 100-150 juya. Yana da kayan aiki 12V;
5. Tudun sakandare, wanda yana da tsari kama da na babban, amma yana da juyi dubu 15-30, rauni a cikin firamare. Abubuwan da ke da irin wannan ƙirar za a iya sanye su da tsarin ƙonewa, fil-fil biyu da murfin ninki biyu. A wannan ɓangaren gajeren zango, an ƙirƙiri ƙarfin lantarki da ya wuce dubu 20 V, gwargwadon gyare-gyaren tsarin. Don tabbatar da cewa hulɗar kowane ɓangaren na'urar tana da rufi gwargwadon iko, kuma ba a sami fashewa ba, ana amfani da tip;
6. Terminal lamba na farko Tuddan. A kan abubuwa da yawa, ana nuna ta harafin K;
7. Lambar tuntuɓar abin da aka tsaftace ma'amala da ita;
8. Babbar hanyar fita, wacce babbar waya ke zuwa ga mai rarrabawa;
9. Murfin kariya;
10. Batirin Terminal na cibiyar sadarwar jirgin;
11. Saduwa da bazara;
12. Gyara sashi, tare da abin da aka gyara na'urar a madaidaicin wuri a cikin sashin injin;
13. Kebul na waje;
14. Jigon da ke hana samuwar eddy current.

Ya danganta da nau'in mota da kuma tsarin wuta wanda ake amfani da shi a ciki, wurin da gajeren kewaya mutum ne. Don samun wannan abun cikin sauri, kuna buƙatar fahimtar kanku da takaddun fasaha don motar, wanda zai nuna zane na lantarki na ɗaukacin motar.

Aikin gajeren kewaye yana da ƙa'idar aiki ta gidan wuta. Haɗin farko yana haɗe da baturi ta tsohuwa (kuma lokacin da injin ke aiki, ana amfani da kuzarin da janareta ke samarwa). Yayinda yake cikin hutawa, halin yanzu yana gudana ta cikin kebul. A wannan lokacin, winding din yana samar da wani maganadisu wanda yake aiki akan siririn waya na sakandare na biyu. A sakamakon wannan aikin ne, wani irin karfin wuta yake tashi a cikin abu mai karfin wuta.

Lokacin da mai fashewa ya kunna kuma aka kashe winding na farko, ana haifar da ƙarfin lantarki a cikin abubuwan biyu. Mafi girman haɓakar haɓaka EMF, da sauri filin magnetic zai ɓace. Don hanzarta wannan aikin, ana iya samar da ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki zuwa gajeren gajeren gajere. Yanayin yanzu yana ƙaruwa akan abu na biyu, wanda shine ƙarfin wutan lantarki a cikin wannan ɓangaren ya ragu sosai kuma aka samar da ƙarfin baka.

Ana riƙe wannan ma'aunin har sai an cire makamashin gaba ɗaya. A mafi yawan motocin zamani, wannan aikin (rage ƙarfin lantarki) yana ɗaukar tsawon 1.4ms. Don samuwar wani kyalkyali mai walƙiya wanda zai iya huda iska tsakanin wayoyin na kyandir, wannan ya isa sosai. Bayan an gama cire sakandare gaba daya, sauran makamashi ana amfani dasu don kula da karfin wuta da damuwar karfin wutar lantarki.

Ayyukan ƙyallen wuta

Ingancin murfin ƙonewa ya dogara da nau'in bawul ɗin da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin tsarin abin hawa. Don haka, mai rarraba inji yana rasa ƙaramin ƙarfi a yayin aiwatarwa / buɗe lambobin sadarwa, tunda ƙaramar walƙiya na iya samarwa tsakanin abubuwan. Rashin abubuwan hulɗa da injiniyoyi na mai yankewa yana nuna kanta a saurin ko ƙananan saurin mota.

Lokacin da crankshaft yana da ƙananan adadin juyi-juzu'i, abubuwan haɗin sadarwar masu rarrabawa suna haifar da ƙaramin fitarwa ta arc, sakamakon haka ana samar da ƙarancin ƙarfi ga walƙiyar walƙiya. Amma a hanzarin saurin crankshaft, abokan hulda na masu fashewa suna rawar jiki, suna haifar da ƙarfin lantarki na biyu ya sauke. Don kawar da wannan tasirin, an sanya wani abu mai tsayayya a kan murfin da ke aiki tare da maƙerin injina.

Kamar yadda kake gani, ma'anar murfin iri ɗaya ce - don sauya ƙaramin ƙarfin lantarki zuwa mai ƙarfi. Sauran sigogin aikin SZ ya dogara da wasu abubuwa.

Yin aiki a cikin babban kewaye na tsarin ƙonewa

An yi bayani dalla-dalla game da na'urar da nau'ikan tsarin ƙone motar a cikin wani bita na daban... Amma a takaice, a cikin hanyar SZ, murfin zai yi aiki bisa ga ƙa'idar da ke tafe.

Ana haɗu da ƙananan lambobin sadarwa zuwa ƙananan wayoyin lantarki daga baturi. Don hana batirin yin caji yayin aiki na gajeriyar hanya, dole ne a ninka ɓangaren ƙananan ƙarfin kewayen ninki biyu tare da janareta, saboda haka an haɗa wayoyi cikin kayan aiki guda ɗaya don ƙarin da kuma ɗaura ɗaya don ragi (a kan hanya, yayin aikin injin ƙonewa na ciki, an sake shigar da baturi).

1) janareta, 2) makunnin wuta, 3) mai rarrabawa, 4) mai fasa, 5) fulogogin wuta, 6) murfin wuta, 7) baturi

Idan janareto ya daina aiki (yadda za'a duba matsalar sa, za'a bayyana shi a nan), abin hawa yana amfani da kuzarin daga tushen wutan batirin. A kan batirin, mai ƙirar na iya nuna tsawon lokacin da motar zata iya aiki a wannan yanayin (don cikakkun bayanai kan waɗanne sigogi don zaɓar sabon baturi don motarka, an bayyana shi a wani labarin).

Contactaya daga cikin masu iya tuntuɓar ƙarfin lantarki yana fitowa daga murfin. Dogaro da gyare-gyaren tsarin, haɗin ta na iya zama ko dai ga mai fasa ko kuma kai tsaye zuwa kyandir. Lokacin da aka kunna wutar, ana kawo wutar lantarki daga batir zuwa murfin. An kafa filin maganaɗisu tsakanin windings, wanda aka haɓaka ta gaban ainihin.

A lokacin da injin ya fara, mai farawa yana juya ƙwanƙolin ƙira, da abin da crankshaft ke juyawa. DPKV yana gyara matsayin wannan abu kuma yana ba da kwalliya ga rukunin sarrafawa lokacin da fiston ya kai ƙarshen matacciyar cibiyar akan bugun matsawa. A cikin gajeren zango, an buɗe da'irar, wanda ke haifar da fashewar kuzari cikin gajeren lokaci a cikin zangon sakandare.

Halin da aka samar yana gudana ta cikin tsakiyar waya zuwa mai rarrabawa. Dogaro da wane silinda aka kunna, irin wannan walƙiyar walƙiya tana karɓar ƙarfin lantarki daidai. Fitar ruwa yana faruwa tsakanin wayoyin, kuma wannan tartsatsin yana kunna iska da iska mai matsewa a cikin ramin. Akwai tsarin wuta wanda kowane fitila mai walƙiya yake sanye da murfin mutum ko kuma sun ninka shi. Jerin aiki na abubuwan an ƙayyade akan ɓangaren ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki na tsarin, saboda abin da aka rage girman asara mai ƙarfi.

Babban halayen halayen ƙonewa:

Anan akwai teburin manyan halaye da ƙimar su don gajeren zagaye:

Siga:	Darajoji:
Tsayayya	A kan winding na farko, wannan halayyar ta kasance cikin 0.25-0.55 Ohm. Yanayin daya akan zagaye na biyu ya zama tsakanin 2-25kOhm. Wannan ma'aunin ya dogara da injin da nau'in tsarin ƙonewa (ya bambanta ga kowane samfurin). Mafi girman juriya, ƙaramin ƙarfi don haifar da walƙiya.
Arkarfin wuta	Wannan darajar ta zama kusan 0.1J kuma a cinye ta cikin 1.2ms. A cikin kyandirori, wannan ƙimar ta dace da siga na fitarwa ta baka tsakanin wayoyi. Wannan kuzarin ya dogara da diamita na wayoyin, ratar dake tsakanin su da kayan su. Hakanan ya dogara da yawan zafin jiki na BTC da matsin lamba a cikin ɗakin silinda.
Rushewar ƙarfin lantarki	Rushewa shine fitarwa wanda ke kasancewa tsakanin wayoyin wutar kyandir. Voltagearfin aiki yana dogara da rarar SZ da kuma sifofi iri ɗaya kamar lokacin da aka ƙayyade wutar walƙiya. Wannan ma'aunin ya zama mafi girma yayin da motar ke farawa. Injin kansa da kuma cakuda-mai da ke ciki har yanzu suna da zafi sosai, don haka walƙiya dole ne ta kasance mai ƙarfi.
Adadin tartsatsin wuta / min.	Yawan tartsatsin wuta a cikin minti daya yana tantancewa ta hanyar jujjuyawar crankshaft da adadin silinda na injin konewa na ciki.
Sauyi	Wannan ƙimar da ke nuna yadda ƙarfin lantarki na farko yake ƙaruwa. Lokacin da volts 12 suka iso kan iska da kuma yankewar da ta biyo baya, halin yanzu ya ragu zuwa sifili. A wannan lokacin, ƙarfin lantarki a cikin winding yana fara tashi. Wannan ƙimar ita ce siga ta canzawa. An ƙaddara ta rabo daga yawan juzu'i biyu windings.
Nutsuwa	Wannan ma'aunin yana ƙayyade kaddarorin ajiyar murfin (ana auna shi cikin G.). Adadin inductance yayi daidai da adadin makamashin da aka adana.

Nau'in igiyar wuta

Higheran ƙarami kaɗan, mun bincika zane da ƙa'idar aiki na sauƙin canji na gajeren zango. A cikin irin wannan tsarin tsarin, ana rarraba ra'ayoyin da aka samar ta hanyar mai rarrabawa. Motocin zamani suna sanye da gwamnonin lantarki, kuma tare da su akwai nau'ikan murɗaɗɗen abubuwa daban-daban.

KZ na zamani dole ne ya cika ƙa'idodi masu zuwa:

• Karami da mara nauyi;
• Dole ne ya sami tsawon rai;
• Tsarinta ya zama mai sauƙi ne yadda zai yiwu don ya zama da sauƙi a girka kuma a kiyaye (lokacin da matsala ta bayyana, mai motar na iya gano kansa da ɗaukar matakan da suka dace);
• Kasance kariya daga danshi da zafi. Godiya ga wannan, motar zata ci gaba da aiki yadda yakamata a ƙarƙashin canjin yanayin yanayi;
• Lokacin da aka sanya kai tsaye a kan kyandirori, vapors daga motar da sauran yanayin tashin hankali bazai ɓata jikin ɓangaren ba;
• Yakamata a kiyaye shi kamar yadda ya yiwu daga gajerun da'ira da kwararar ruwa ta yanzu;
• Tsarinta dole ne ya samar da sanyaya mai tasiri kuma, a lokaci guda, sauƙin shigarwa.

Akwai irin waɗannan nau'ikan haɗuwa:

• Classic ko janar;
• Kowane mutum;
• Biyu ko biyu-pin;
• Bushe;
• Mai ya cika.

Ba tare da la'akari da nau'in gajeren gajere ba, suna da aiki iri ɗaya - suna canza ƙaramin ƙarfin lantarki zuwa ƙarfin lantarki mai ƙarfi. Koyaya, kowane nau'i yana da abubuwan fasalin sa. Bari muyi la'akari da kowannensu dalla-dalla.

Tsarin ƙirar ƙirar gargajiya

Irin waɗannan gajerun da'irorin an yi amfani da su a cikin tsofaffin motoci tare da masu hulɗa sannan kuma ƙarar mara lamba. Suna da zane mafi sauki - sun kunshi windings na farko dana sakandare. A kan abu mai ƙaramin ƙarfi, za a iya samun sau 150, kuma a kan abu mai ƙarfi - har zuwa dubu 30. Don hana gajeriyar hanya ta kaɗa tsakanin su, wayoyin da ake amfani da su wajen juyawa an sanya su a rufe.

A cikin sigar gargajiya, an yi jikin ta da ƙarfe a cikin gilashi, an rataye shi a gefe ɗaya kuma an rufe shi da murfi a ɗayan. Murfin yana da ƙananan lambobin sadarwa da lamba ɗaya zuwa layin mai ƙarfin lantarki. Tsarin farko yana kan saman sakandare.

A tsakiyar maɗaukakin-ƙarfin abu shine asalin dake ƙara ƙarfin magnet.

Irin wannan wutar lantarki mai amfani da wutar lantarki yanzu ba a amfani da ita saboda abubuwanda ake amfani dasu a yau. Za'a iya samun su akan tsoffin motocin da aka kera a cikin gida.

Babban gajeren kewaye yana da fasali masu zuwa:

• Matsakaicin ƙarfin da yake iya samarwa yana cikin kewayon 18-20 dubu dubu;
• An sanya cibiya a tsakiyar tsakiyar abu mai ƙarfin lantarki. Kowane sinadari a ciki yana da kauri daga 0.35-0.55mm. kuma an rufe shi da varnish ko sikelin;
• Dukkanin faranti suna haɗuwa a cikin bututun gama gari wanda ke da rauni na biyu;
• Don kerar flask ɗin na'urar, ana amfani da aluminum ko ƙarfen ƙarfe. A bangon ciki akwai da'irar magnetic, waɗanda aka yi su da kayan ƙarfe na lantarki;
• Voltagearfin wutar lantarki a cikin kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na na'urar yana ƙaruwa a matakin 200-250 V / μs;
• Energyarfin fitarwa ya kusan 15-20 mJ.

Tsara bambance-bambancen zane na kowane kebul na mutum

Kamar yadda ya zama bayyananne daga sunan abun, ana shigar da irin wannan gajeren madaidaiciya kai tsaye a kan kyandir kuma yana haifar da wani abu ne kawai don shi. Ana amfani da wannan gyare-gyare a cikin wutar lantarki. Ya bambanta da nau'in da ya gabata kawai a wurinsa, da kuma yadda aka ƙera shi. Na'urar ta kuma ta haɗa da windings biyu, kawai mai ƙarfin lantarki an ji rauni a nan kan ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki.

Baya ga ainihin tsakiya, hakanan yana da analog na waje. An sanya diode akan sakandare na biyu, wanda ke yanke wutar lantarki mai girma. Yayin zagayen motar guda ɗaya, irin wannan murfin yana haifar da walƙiya ɗaya don walƙiyarsa. Saboda wannan, duk gajeren da'ira dole ne a haɗa su tare da matsayin camshaft.

Amfanin wannan gyare-gyare akan wanda muka ambata a sama shine cewa babban ƙarfin lantarki yana tafiya zuwa mafi ƙarancin tazara daga gubar da ke juyawa zuwa sandar kyandir. Godiya ga wannan, kuzari baya lalacewa kwata-kwata.

Dual jagoran ƙwanƙwasa wuta

Hakanan ana amfani da irin waɗannan gajeren gajeren galibi a cikin nau'in wuta na lantarki. Su ingantaccen tsari ne na gama gari. Ya bambanta da kayan gargajiya, wannan gyaran yana da tashoshi masu ƙarfin lantarki guda biyu. Coaya daga cikin murfin yana amfani da kyandirori biyu - an samar da walƙiya akan abubuwa biyu.

Amfani da irin wannan makircin shine cewa kyandir na farko yana haifar da kunna wuta mai haɗewa na iska da mai, kuma na biyu yana haifar da fitarwa lokacin da shaye shaye ya auku a cikin silinda. Sparkarin walƙiya ya bayyana ba shi da aiki.

Wani ƙari daga waɗannan samfurin samfurin shine cewa irin wannan tsarin ƙonewa baya buƙatar mai rarrabawa. Zasu iya haɗuwa da kyandir ta hanyoyi biyu. A farkon lamarin, murfin yana tsaye daban, kuma waya mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi tana zuwa wurin fitilun. A sigar ta biyu, an shigar da murfin a kan kyandir daya, kuma na biyun an haɗa ta ta wani waya dabam da ke fitowa daga jikin na'urar.

Wannan gyare-gyaren ana amfani dashi ne kawai akan injuna tare da adadin silinda. Hakanan za'a iya tattara su zuwa cikin rukuni guda, wanda daga cikinsu adadin wayoyi masu ƙarfin lantarki masu yawa suke fitowa.

Dry da mai cike da mai

Akwatin gajeriyar hanya ta cika da mai gidan wuta a ciki. Wannan ruwa yana hana zafi sama sama da na'urar windings. Jikin irin waɗannan abubuwa ƙarfe ne. Tunda ƙarfe yana da kyakkyawar canja wurin zafi, a lokaci guda yana zafin kansa. Wannan rabo ba koyaushe yake da hankali ba, tunda irin waɗannan gyare-gyare galibi suna da zafi sosai.

Don kawar da wannan tasirin, ana ƙera na'urorin zamani ba tare da wata harka ba kwata-kwata. Ana amfani da mahaɗin epoxy maimakon. Wannan abu a lokaci guda yana yin ayyuka biyu: yana sanyaya windings kuma yana kiyaye su daga danshi da sauran tasirin muhalli mara kyau.

Rayuwa sabis da rashin aiki na murfin wuta

A ka'ida, aikin wannan sinadarin tsarin hada motar na zamani ya iyakance zuwa kilomita dubu 80 daga nisan motar. Koyaya, wannan ba adadi bane. Dalilin haka shine yanayin yanayin aiki daban na abin hawa.

Naushi murfin

Ga wasu abubuwan da zasu iya rage rayuwar wannan na'urar sosai:

1. Circuitananan hanya tsakanin windings;
2. Kullun yana yawan zafi (wannan yana faruwa ne tare da sauye-sauye na yau da kullun da aka sanya a cikin wani ɓangaren iska mai ƙarancin iska na ɓangaren injin), musamman ma idan ba sabo ba ne;
3. Aiki na dogon lokaci ko ƙarfi mai ƙarfi (wannan yanayin sau da yawa yana shafar fa'idar aikin ƙirar da aka sanya a kan injin ɗin);
4. Lokacin da batirin baturi ya yi kyau, lokacin ajiyar makamashi ya wuce;
5. Lalacewar lamarin;
6. Lokacin da direba ba ya kashe wutar yayin kashe injin ƙonewa na ciki (ƙirar farko tana ƙarƙashin ƙarfin lantarki);
7. Lalacewa zuwa layin insulating na wayoyi masu fashewa;
8. Kuskuren buguwa lokacin sauyawa, sabis ɗin na'urar ko haɗa ƙarin kayan aiki, misali, ma'aunin tekun lantarki;
9. Wasu masu motoci, lokacin da suke aikin yanke injin ko wasu hanyoyin, sai su cire katunan daga kyandir din, amma kar su cire su daga tsarin. Bayan an gama aikin tsabtace kan injin, sai su yi crankshaft din tare da abin farawa don cire duk datti daga cikin silinda. Idan baku cire haɗin murfin ba, zasuyi nasara a mafi yawan lokuta.

Don kada ya rage rayuwar murfin, direba ya kamata:

• Kashe wutar lokacin da injin baya aiki;
• Kula da tsabtar lamarin;
• Lokaci-lokaci ana sake duba hulɗar manyan wayoyi masu ƙarfin lantarki (ba wai kawai don saka ido kan iskar shaka a kan fitilun ba, har ma a kan wayar ta tsakiya);
• Tabbatar cewa danshi baya shiga cikin jiki, ƙasa da ciki;
• Lokacin aiki da tsarin wuta, kar a taba amfani da kayan wuta masu karfi tare da hannu (wannan yana da illa ga lafiya), koda kuwa injin din yana kashe. Idan akwai tsaguwa a cikin lamarin, mutum na iya samun fitarwa mai tsanani, saboda haka, don kare lafiya, yana da kyau a yi aiki tare da safofin hannu na roba;
• Lokaci-lokaci ana bincika na'urar a tashar sabis.

Ta yaya zaka iya sanin ko murfin nada nakasa?

Motocin zamani suna sanye da kwamfutoci na jirgi (yadda yake aiki, me yasa ake buƙatarsa ​​da kuma wane irin gyare-gyare ne samfurin zamani, ana gaya masa a cikin wani bita). Koda mafi sauƙin gyare-gyare na wannan kayan aikin yana iya gano lalacewar tsarin lantarki, wanda ya haɗa da tsarin ƙonewa.

Idan gajeren zagaye ya lalace, gunkin motar zai haskaka. Tabbas, wannan sigina ce mai fa'ida sosai (wannan gunkin akan dashboard yana haskakawa, misali, kuma idan aka gaza lambda bincike), don haka kar a dogara da wannan faɗakarwar ita kaɗai. Ga wasu sauran alamun da ke tare da karyewar murfin:

• Lokaci-lokaci ko cikakken rufe ɗayan silinda (game da dalilin da yasa motar zata iya ninki uku, ana faɗi hakan a nan). Idan wasu injunan mai na zamani tare da allura kai tsaye suna da irin wannan tsarin (yana yanke wadatar mai ga wasu masu allura a mafi karancin nauyin naúrar), to injina na yau da kullun suna nuna rashin aiki ba tare da la'akari da nauyin ba;
• A lokacin sanyi da kuma tsananin ɗumi, motar ko dai ba ta fara kyau ko kuma ba ta fara komai (za ku iya goge wayoyin a bushe kuma ku yi ƙoƙarin kunna motar - idan ya taimaka, to kuna buƙatar maye gurbin saitin igiyoyin fashewar) ;
• Aaƙƙarfan latsawa akan mai hanzari yana haifar da lalacewar injiniya (kafin canza murfin, kuna buƙatar tabbatar cewa tsarin mai yana aiki yadda yakamata);
• Ana ganin alamun lalacewa akan wayoyi masu fashewa;
• A cikin duhu, ana iya yin walƙiya kaɗan akan na'urar;
• Injin ya ɗanyi rashin kuzarinsa (wannan na iya kuma nuna lalacewar naúrar kanta, misali, ƙonewar bawul).

Kuna iya duba yawan aiki na abubuwan mutum ta hanyar auna juriya na windings. Saboda wannan, ana amfani da na'urar al'ada - mai gwadawa. Kowane bangare yana da nasa tsarin na juriya mai karɓa. Muguwar karkacewa tana nuna gurɓataccen tiran wuta kuma dole ne a maye gurbinsa.

Lokacin da ake tantance matsalar aiki na dunƙule, ya kamata a tuna cewa yawancin alamun alamun suna da kama da fashewar toshe. Saboda wannan dalili, kuna buƙatar tabbatar da cewa suna cikin kyakkyawan aiki, sannan kuma ci gaba da bincikar muryoyin. Yadda za a ƙayyade lalacewar kyandir an bayyana daban.

Shin za'a iya gyara murfin wuta?

Gyara murfin wuta na yau da kullun abu ne mai yuwuwa, amma yana daukar lokaci mai yawa. Don haka, dole ne shugaban ya san ainihin abin da zai gyara a cikin na'urar. Idan kana buƙatar sake juya winding ɗin, to wannan hanya tana buƙatar cikakken sanin abin da giciye da kayan wayoyi ya kamata su kasance, yadda za a iya daidaita su da kyau da kuma gyara su.

Shekaru da dama da suka gabata, har ma akwai bitoci na musamman waɗanda ke ba da waɗannan sabis ɗin. Koyaya, a yau ya zama mafi ƙarancin son waɗanda suke son yin tinker da motarsu fiye da buƙata. Sabon kebul na ƙonewa (a cikin tsohuwar mota ɗaya ce) ba ta da tsada sosai don adana kuɗi kan sayanta.

Game da gyare-gyare na zamani, yawancinsu ba za a iya rarraba su don zuwa windings ba. Saboda wannan, ba za a iya gyara su kwata-kwata ba. Amma komai ingancin gyaran irin wannan na’urar, ba zai iya maye gurbin taron masana’antar ba.

Kuna iya shigar da sabon saiti da kanku idan na'urar tsarin ƙonewa ta ba da izinin ƙaƙƙarfan aikin lalatawa don wannan. A kowane hali, idan akwai rashin tabbas game da maye gurbin inganci, zai fi kyau a danƙa aikin ga maigidan. Wannan aikin ba zai yi tsada ba, amma za a sami tabbaci cewa an yi shi sosai.

Anan ga ɗan gajeren bidiyo akan yadda zaku iya tantance aikin mutum da kansa:

Yadda za a lissafa layin wuta mara kyau

Tambayoyi & Amsa:

Wadanne nau'ikan muryoyin wuta ne akwai? Akwai na kowa coils (daya ga dukan kyandirori), mutum (daya ga kowane kyandir, saka a cikin kyandirori) da kuma sau biyu (daya ga kyandirori biyu).

Menene a cikin na'urar kunnawa? Karamar transfoma ce mai windings biyu. A ciki akwai jigon karfe. Duk waɗannan an rufe su a cikin gidaje na dielectric.

Menene coils na kunna wuta a cikin mota? Wani sinadari ne na tsarin kunna wuta wanda ke juyar da ƙarancin wutar lantarki zuwa babban ƙarfin wutan lantarki (high ƙarfin bugun jini lokacin da aka katse ƙarancin wutar lantarki).