Na'urar injin konewa na ciki

Tsawan karni, ana amfani da injin ƙone ciki a cikin babura, motocin fasinja da manyan motoci. Har zuwa yanzu, ya kasance mafi yawan nau'in tattalin arziki. Amma ga mutane da yawa, ka'idar aiki da na'urar injin konewa na ciki ba a sani ba. Bari muyi ƙoƙari mu fahimci mahimman maganganu da ƙayyadaddun tsarin motar.

Bayani da fasali gabaɗaya

Babban fasalin kowane injin konewa na ciki shine ƙonewa na cakuda mai ƙonewa kai tsaye a cikin ɗakin aikin sa, kuma ba a cikin kafofin watsa labarai na waje ba. A lokacin ƙonewar man fetur, sakamakon haɓakar wutar lantarki yana haifar da aikin injin ɗin injin ɗin.

Reat Tarihin kirkira

Kafin zuwan injunan konewa na ciki, motoci masu tuka kansu suna da injina na waje. Irin waɗannan rukunin suna aiki daga matsawar tururin da aka samar ta dumama ruwan a cikin tanki daban.

Tsarin irin waɗannan injunan ya kasance babba kuma bashi da tasiri - ban da babban nauyin girkin, don shawo kan nesa, jigilar kuma dole ne ta jawo mai mai ƙwarai (gawayi ko itacen girki).

Ganin wannan gazawar, injiniyoyi da masu kirkira sunyi kokarin warware wata muhimmiyar tambaya: yadda ake hada mai da jikin bangaren karfin wuta. Ta hanyar cire abubuwa kamar tukunyar jirgi, tankin ruwa, mai sanya iska, mai cire ruwa, famfo, da sauransu daga tsarin. ya yiwu ya rage nauyin motar.

Irƙirar injin konewa na ciki a cikin sigar da masanin injiniya na zamani ya saba da shi a hankali. Anan akwai manyan alamura waɗanda suka haifar da fitowar injin ƙone ciki na zamani:

• 1791 John Barber ya kirkiri injin injin gas, wanda ke aiki ta hanyar narkar da mai, gawayi da itace a cikin wuraren dawowa. Gas ɗin da aka samu, tare da iska, an tura shi zuwa ɗakin konewa ta mai kwampreso. An samarda iskar gas mai zafi a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba ga mai siye da juya shi.
• 1794 Titin Robert Street yayi lasisin injin mai.
• 1799. Philippe Le Bon sakamakon pyrolysis na mai yana karɓar iskar gas mai haske. A cikin 1801 ya ba da shawarar amfani da shi azaman man fetur don injunan gas.
• 1807 François Isaac de Rivaz - patent a kan "amfani da abubuwa masu fashewa a matsayin tushen makamashi a cikin injuna." Irƙira ƙungiya mai tuka kansa bisa ci gaban.
• 1860 Etienne Lenoir ya fara kirkirar kirkire-kirkire da wuri ta hanyar kirkirar wata mota mai aiki wacce ake amfani da ita ta hanyar hadewar iskar gas da iska. An saita aikin a cikin motsi tare da walƙiya daga tushen wutar waje. Anyi amfani da wannan kirkirar ne a jiragen ruwa, amma ba a girka ta a motocin da ke tuka kansu ba.
• 1861 Alphonse Bo De Rocha ya bayyana mahimmancin matse mai kafin ya kunna shi, wanda hakan ya haifar da ka'idar aiki da injin konewa na ciki-hudu (ci, matsewa, konewa tare da fadadawa da sakinsa).
• 1877 Nikolaus Otto ya ƙirƙiri injin ƙonewa na cikin gida mai ƙwanƙwasa 12 na farko.
• 1879 Karl Benz ya ba da izinin motar motsa jiki biyu.
• 1880s. Ogneslav Kostrovich, Wilhelm Maybach da Gottlieb Daimler a lokaci guda suna haɓaka gyare-gyaren carburetor ICE, suna shirya su don samar da serial.

Baya ga injina masu amfani da mai, Trinkler Motor ya bayyana a cikin 1899. Wannan ƙirar wani nau'in injin ƙonewa ne na ciki (injin mai mai matse-matsi), yana aiki bisa ƙa'idar ƙirƙirar Rudolf Diesel. A cikin shekarun da suka gabata, sassan wutar lantarki, da mai da dizal, sun inganta, wanda ya ƙaru da ingancinsu.

Nau'in injunan konewa na ciki

Ta nau'in zane da ƙayyadaddun aikin injin ƙonewa na ciki, ana rarraba su bisa ga ƙa'idodi da yawa:

• Ta hanyar nau'in mai da ake amfani da shi - dizal, mai, gas.
• Dangane da ka'idar sanyaya - ruwa da iska.
• Dogaro da tsarin silinda - cikin layi da mai siffa-V.
• Dangane da hanyar shirye-shiryen cakuda mai - mai kera mai, iskar gas da allura (ana hada cakuda ne a bangaren da ke ciki na ciki) da dizal (a ciki).
• Dangane da ƙa'idar ƙonewa na cakuda mai - tare da ƙonewa da tilas da wutar lantarki ta kai-tsaye (ta dace da rukunin dizal).

Hakanan ana rarrabe injiniyoyi ta ƙayyadaddun ƙira da ƙwarewar aiki:

• Piston, wanda ɗakin aikin yake a cikin silinda. Yana da kyau a yi la'akari da cewa irin waɗannan injunan konewa na ciki sun kasu kashi da yawa:
  • carburetor (carburetor ne ke da alhakin ƙirƙirar wadataccen haɗin haɗin aiki);
  • allura (ana ba da cakuda kai tsaye zuwa mahaɗin da ake amfani da shi ta hanyoyi).
  • dizal (ƙonewar cakuda yana faruwa ne saboda ƙirƙirar matsin lamba a cikin ɗakin).
  • Rotary-piston, wanda ke tattare da jujjuyawar makamashi mai zafi zuwa makamashin inji saboda juyawar rotor tare da bayanan martaba. Aikin rotor, motsin sa yayi kama da 8-ku a cikin sifa, ya maye gurbin ayyukan piston, lokaci da kuma ƙwanƙwasa.
  • Injin turbin gas, wanda a cikin motar yake amfani da karfin zafin jiki wanda aka samu ta juyawa rotor tare da ruwan wukake kama da ruwa. Yana tuka sandar ƙarfe.

Ka'idar, da farko kallo, ya bayyana karara. Yanzu bari muyi la'akari da manyan abubuwanda ke cikin wutar lantarki.

Na'urar ICE

Tsarin jiki ya haɗa da abubuwa masu zuwa:

• toshe silinda;
• hanyar crank;
• hanyar rarraba gas;
• tsarin samarwa da kunna wuta na cakuda mai cinyewa da cire kayayyakin konewa (iskar gas).

Don fahimtar wurin da kowane ɓangaren yake, yi la'akari da zane-zanen motar:

Lambar 6 tana nuna wurin da silinda yake. Yana ɗayan maɓallin keɓaɓɓen injin ƙone ciki. A cikin silinda akwai fistan, wanda aka tsara ta lamba 7. An haɗe shi a kan sandar haɗawa da ƙwanƙwasa (wanda aka sanya ta lamba 9 da 12 a cikin zane, bi da bi). Matsar da fistan sama da kasa a cikin silinda yana haifar da samuwar jujjuyawar crankshaft. A ƙarshen manoman akwai ƙwanƙolin duwatsu, wanda aka nuna a cikin zane a ƙarƙashin lamba 10. Ya zama dole don juyawar shaft daidai. Sashi na sama na Silinda an sanye shi da babban danshi tare da yawan cakuda da bawul din shaye shaye. Ana nuna su a ƙarƙashin lamba 5.

Buɗe bawul ɗin ya zama mai yiwuwa saboda camshaft cams, lambar da aka zaɓa 14, ko kuma wajen, abubuwan watsawa (lamba 15). Ana ba da jujjuyawar camshaft ta hanyar crankshaft gears, wanda aka nuna ta lamba 13. Lokacin da piston yana motsawa cikin yardar kaina a cikin silinda, yana iya ɗaukar matsayi biyu masu tsayi.

Kawai wadataccen wadataccen cakuda mai a lokacinda ya dace zai iya tabbatar da aikin yau da kullun na injin ƙone ciki. Don rage farashin aiki na motar don watsarwar zafi da hana rigakafin lalacewar abubuwan tuki, ana shafa musu mai.

📌a'idar injin ƙone ciki

Injinan konewa na zamani suna aiki akan man da aka kunna a cikin silinda da makamashin da ke zuwa daga gare ta. Cakuda fetur da iska ana ciyar da su ta hanyar bawul ɗin shan ruwa (a cikin injina da yawa akwai guda biyu a kowace silinda). A wuri guda, yana ƙonewa saboda tartsatsin da ke samarwa walƙiya... A lokacin ƙaramin fashewa, gas a cikin ɗakin aiki yana faɗaɗa, haifar da matsin lamba. Yana saita motsi piston da aka haɗe zuwa KShM.

Injin injunan Diesel suna aiki ne a kan irin wannan ƙa'idar, aikin ƙonewa ne kawai aka fara ta wata hanya kaɗan. Da farko, ana matse iska a cikin silinda, wanda ke haifar da dumi. Kafin piston ya kai TDC akan bugun matsawa, injector yana ƙera mai. Saboda iska mai zafi, man yana ƙonewa da kansa ba tare da walƙiya ba. Bugu da ari, aikin yayi daidai da gyaran injin mai.

KShM yana canza jujjuyawar juyawar ƙungiyar piston zuwa juyawa crankshaft... Karfin juyi tafi da flywheel, sa'an nan zuwa injin inji ko atomatik kuma a ƙarshe - a kan ƙafafun tuki.

Tsarin yayin da piston ke motsawa sama ko ƙasa ana kiransa bugun jini. Duk matakan har zuwa lokacin da aka maimaita su ana kiran su sake zagayowar.

Cycleaya daga cikin zagaye ya haɗa da aikin tsotsa, matsi, ƙonewa tare da faɗaɗa iskar gas, saki.

Akwai gyare-gyare guda biyu na injina:

1. A cikin zagayen bugun jini biyu, crankshaft yana juyawa sau ɗaya a kowane zagaye, kuma piston yana motsawa ƙasa da sama.
2. A cikin zagaye na zagaye huɗu, crankshaft zai juya sau biyu a kowane zagaye, kuma piston ɗin zai yi cikakken motsi huɗu - zai sauka, ya tashi, ya faɗi, ya tashi.

Principle Tsarin aiki na injin-bugun jini biyu

Lokacin da direba ya fara injin, mai farawa zai saita ƙawancen motsi, crankshaft ya juya, KShM yana motsa piston. Lokacin da ya isa BDC kuma ya fara tashi, ɗakin aiki ya riga ya cika da cakuda mai ƙonewa.

A saman mataccen tsakiyar fishon, yana kunnawa yana motsa shi ƙasa. Arin samun iska yana faruwa - an kori gas ɗin da ke sharar ta wani sabon ɓangare na haɗin mai aiki mai ƙonewa. Tsaftacewa na iya zama daban dangane da ƙirar motar. Ofaya daga cikin gyare-gyaren yana samarda cike filin-piston sararin samaniya tare da cakuda mai iska lokacin da ya tashi, kuma idan fistan ya sauka, sai a matse shi a cikin dakin aiki na silinda, yana lalata kayayyakin konewa.

A cikin irin waɗannan gyare-gyare na injina, babu tsarin lokacin bawul. Fiston da kansa yana buɗewa / rufe mashiga / mashiga.

Ana amfani da irin waɗannan injina a cikin fasaha mai ƙarancin ƙarfi, saboda musayar gas a cikinsu yana faruwa ne saboda maye gurbin iskar gas tare da kashi na gaba na cakuda-mai. Tunda an cire cakuda mai aiki ta wani ɓangare tare da shaye-shaye, wannan gyare-gyaren yana haɓaka da haɓakar mai da ƙananan ƙarfi idan aka kwatanta da analogues na bugun jini huɗu.

Ofaya daga cikin fa'idodi na irin waɗannan injunan ƙone ciki na cikin ƙananan gogayya a kowane zagaye, amma a lokaci guda suna ƙara zafi sosai.

PrincipleKa'idar aiki ta injina huɗu

Yawancin motoci da sauran motocin motsa jiki sanye suke da injina huɗu. Ana amfani da hanyar rarraba gas don samar da cakuda mai aiki da cire iskar gas. Ana tuƙa shi ta hanyar tuki na lokaci wanda aka haɗa zuwa ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa ta bel, sarkar ko giya.

Juyawa camshaft ya ɗaga / saukar da bawul ɗin shaye shaye da ke saman silinda. Wannan inji yana tabbatar da bude madaidaiciyar bawuloli don samarda cakuda mai karewa da cire iskar gas.

A cikin irin waɗannan injunan, sake zagayowar yana faruwa kamar haka (misali, injin mai mai):

1. A lokacin da aka fara injin, mai farawa yana juya ƙwanƙwasa, wanda ke tafiyar da ƙwanƙwasa. Bawul na shiga Tsarin crank yana saukar da fistan, yana samar da wuri a cikin silinda. Akwai bugun tsotsa na cakuda-mai.
2. Motsawa daga tsakiyar matacciyar cibiyar zuwa sama, piston yana matse cakuda mai ƙonewa. Wannan shi ne ma'auni na biyu - matsi.
3. Lokacin da fiston din yake saman cibiya ta mutu, toshewar walƙiya yana haifar da walƙiya wacce ke kunna cakuda. Saboda fashewar, iskar gas na fadada. Matsa lamba a cikin silinda yana motsa fiska zuwa ƙasa. Wannan shine zagaye na uku - ƙonewa da haɓaka (ko bugun jini).
4. Crankshaft mai juyawa yana motsa fishon zuwa sama. A wannan gaba, camshaft yana buɗe bawul ɗin shaye shaye ta hanyarda fiston da ke tashi yake korar iskar gas. Wannan ita ce mashaya ta huɗu - saki.

Systems Tsarin tallafi na injin konewa na ciki

Babu injin konewa na zamani wanda ke iya aiki da kansa. Wannan saboda dole ne a kawo mai daga tankin gas zuwa injin, dole ne ya kunna wuta a lokacin da ya dace, kuma saboda injin din bai “shaka” daga iskar gas din ba, dole ne a cire su a kan lokaci.

Sassan juyawa suna buƙatar man shafawa na yau da kullun. Saboda karuwar yanayin zafi da aka samu yayin konewa, dole ne injin ya sanyaya. Ba a samar da waɗannan ƙa'idodin masu zuwa ta motar kanta ba, sabili da haka injin ƙonewa na ciki yana aiki tare tare da tsarin taimako.

System Tsarin wuta

An tsara wannan tsarin taimakon ne don kunna wutar hadewar mai hadewa a daidai matsayin piston da ya dace (TDC a bugun matsawa). Ana amfani da shi akan injunan ƙona mai na ciki kuma ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu zuwa:

• Tushen iko. Lokacin da injin ke hutawa, wannan aikin ana yin shi ne da baturi (yadda ake fara mota idan batirin ya mutu, karanta a ciki dabam labarin). Bayan kunna injin, tushen makamashi shine janareta.
• Kulle ƙyallen wuta. Na'urar da ke rufe hanyar lantarki don samar da ita daga tushen wuta.
• Na'urar adanawa. Yawancin motocin mai suna da murfin wuta. Hakanan akwai samfura waɗanda a cikinsu akwai irin waɗannan abubuwa da yawa - ɗaya don kowane fulogogin walƙiya. Suna canza ƙaramin ƙarfin lantarki daga baturi zuwa babban ƙarfin da ake buƙata don ƙirƙirar walƙiya mai inganci.
• Mai rarrabawa-mai katsewar wuta. A cikin motocin carburetor, wannan mai rarrabawa ne, a yawancin wasu, wannan ECU ke sarrafa shi. Waɗannan na'urori suna rarraba motsin lantarki zuwa matosai masu walƙiya.

System Tsarin gabatarwa

Busonewa yana buƙatar haɗuwa da dalilai guda uku: mai, oxygen da kuma tushen ƙonewa. Idan an yi amfani da fitarwa ta lantarki - aikin tsarin ƙonewa, to, tsarin cin abinci yana ba da iskar oxygen ga injin don man zai iya kunnawa.

Wannan tsarin ya kunshi:

• Cin iska - bututun reshe wanda ake ɗaukar iska mai tsabta ta ciki. Tsarin shigarwa ya dogara da gyaran injin. A cikin injiniyoyin yanayi, ana tsotse iska saboda ƙirƙirar injin da aka samu a cikin silinda. A cikin samfuran turbocharged, wannan aikin yana haɓaka ta jujjuyawar ruwan wukake, wanda ke ƙara ƙarfin injin.
• An tsara matatar iska don tsaftace kwararar daga ƙura da ƙananan ƙwayoyi.
• Bawul din motsawa bawul ne wanda ke tsara adadin iska da ke shiga motar. Ana sarrafa shi ta hanyar latsa ƙwanƙwasa mai haɓaka ko ta lantarki naúrar sarrafawa.
• Manifaukar abinci da yawa tsarin bututu ne wanda aka haɗa shi da bututu ɗaya na kowa. A cikin injunan konewa na ciki, ana sanya bawul din motsawa a saman kuma ga kowane silinda a cikin bututun mai. A cikin gyare-gyaren carburetor, an sanya carburetor a kan kayan abinci mai yawa, wanda iska ke haɗuwa da mai.

Baya ga iska, dole ne a samar da mai ga silinda. Don wannan dalili, an haɓaka tsarin mai, wanda ya ƙunshi:

• tankin man fetur;
• layin mai - hoses da bututu wanda man fetur ko dizal ke motsawa daga tanki zuwa injin;
• carburetor ko injector (tsarin bututun da ke fesa mai);
• famfo maiyin famfo mai daga tanki zuwa carburetor ko wata na'urar don haɗa mai da iska;
• matatar mai da take share mai ko kuma dizal daga tarkace.

A yau akwai gyare-gyare da yawa na injina waɗanda aka cakuɗa cakuda aiki a cikin silinda ta hanyoyi daban-daban. Daga cikin waɗannan tsarukan akwai:

• allura guda (ka'idar carburetor, kawai tare da bututun ƙarfe);
• rarraba allura (an sanya bututun daban don kowane silinda, an samar da cakuda-mai a cikin tashar hada abubuwa da yawa);
• allura kai tsaye (bututun ya fesa kayan aikin kai tsaye cikin silinda);
• hade allura (hada manufa ta kai tsaye da kuma rarraba allura)

📌Lubrication system

Dole ne a shafawa dukkan saman kayan sassan karfe don sanyaya da rage lalacewa. Don samar da wannan kariya, motar tana sanye take da tsarin man shafawa. Hakanan yana kare sassan karfe daga hadawan abu da iskar shada. Tsarin man shafawa ya kunshi:

• sump - tafki wanda ke dauke da man injina;
• wani famfo na mai wanda ke haifar da matsi, albarkacin abin da ake samar da man shafawa ga dukkan sassan motar;
• tataccen mai wanda ke kama duk wani ɓoyayyen sakamakon aikin motar;
• wasu motoci suna sanye take da mai sanyaya mai don ƙarin sanyayar injin mai.

XShewar tsarin

Kyakkyawan tsarin shaye shaye yana tabbatar da cire iskar gas daga ɗakunan aiki na silinda. Motocin zamani suna sanye da tsarin shaye shaye, wanda ya haɗa da abubuwa masu zuwa:

• shagunan shaye shaye masu yawa waɗanda ke dusar da rawar jiki na iskar gas mai ƙarewa;
• bututun karba, wanda iskar gas din ta fito daga cikin mashin din (kamar na sharar iska da yawa, an yi shi da karfe mai juriya zafi);
• mai haɓaka wanda ke tsaftace iskar gas daga abubuwa masu cutarwa, wanda ke bawa motar damar yin daidai da ƙa'idodin muhalli;
• resonator - capacityarfin da ya ɗan ƙanƙanta da babban mashin, wanda aka tsara don rage saurin shaye shaye;
• babban muffler, a ciki akwai bangarorin da suke canza alkiblar iskar gas don rage saurinsu da hayaniya.

Ruwan sanyi

Wannan ƙarin tsarin yana ba motar damar aiki ba tare da ɗumi ba. Tana goyon baya zafin jiki na aikiyayin da yake da rauni. Don haka cewa wannan alamar ba ta wuce iyakokin mahimmanci koda lokacin da motar ke tsaye, tsarin ya ƙunshi sassa masu zuwa:

• sanyaya gidan ruwawanda ya kunshi bututu da faranti da aka tsara don saurin musayar zafi tsakanin iska mai sanyaya da yanayi;
• fan wanda ke samar da iska mafi girma, misali, idan mashin din yana cikin cunkoson ababen hawa kuma mai haskakawa ba ya isa sosai;
• famfo na ruwa, wanda aka godewa shi wanda aka samar da wurare dabam dabam na mai sanyaya, wanda ke cire zafi daga ganuwar zafi na toshe silinda;
• thermostat - bawul din da yake budewa bayan injina ya dumama zuwa zafin jiki na aiki (kafin a kunna shi, mai sanyaya yana zagayawa a cikin karamar da'ira, kuma idan ya bude, ruwan yana motsawa ta cikin radiator).

Aiki tare na kowane tsarin taimako yana tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki na injin ƙonewa na ciki.

Cy Hanyoyin Injin

A sake zagayowar yana nufin ayyukan da aka maimaita a cikin silinda ɗaya. Motar mai hawa huɗu sanye take da injin da ke haifar da kowane ɗayan hawan keke.

A cikin injin konewa na ciki, piston yana aiwatar da juyayi (sama / kasa) tare da silinda. Sanda mai haɗawa da maƙerin da ke haɗe da shi suna canza wannan makamashi zuwa juyawa. Yayin wani aiki - lokacin da fistan ya kai daga wuri mafi ƙasƙanci zuwa sama da baya - crankshaft yana yin juyi sau ɗaya a kewayensa.

Don wannan aikin yana faruwa koyaushe, cakuda-mai mai dole ne ya shiga cikin silinda, dole ne a matse shi da kunna shi a ciki, kuma dole ne a cire kayayyakin ƙonewa. Kowane ɗayan waɗannan hanyoyin yana faruwa a cikin juyin juya halin crankshaft. Wadannan ayyukan ana kiran su sanduna. Akwai su huɗu a cikin huɗu:

1. Sha ko tsotsa. A wannan bugun jini, ana tsoma cakuda-mai cikin iska a cikin ramin silinda. Yana shiga ta hanyar bawul na budewa. Dogaro da nau'in tsarin mai, ana haɗar mai tare da iska a cikin ɗakunan shayarwa ko kai tsaye a cikin silinda, kamar a cikin injunan dizal;
2. Matsawa. A wannan gaba, duka rufin shaye da shaye shaye suna rufe. Piston yana motsawa saboda ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa, kuma yana juyawa saboda yin wasu shanyewar jiki a cikin silinda masu kusa. A cikin injin mai, VTS an matse shi zuwa yanayi mai yawa (10-11), kuma a cikin injin dizal - fiye da yanayi 20;
3. Aiki bugun jini A lokacin da fiston ya tsaya a saman sosai, ana kunna cakuda da aka matsa ta amfani da walƙiya daga walƙiyar walƙiya. A cikin injin dizal, wannan aikin ya ɗan bambanta. A ciki, ana matse iska sosai har zafin jikinsa ya tashi zuwa ƙimar da mai dizal ke ƙonewa da kansa. Da zaran fashewar wani abu mai hade da mai da iska, to fitowar makamashi babu inda za shi, sai ya matsar da fistan a kasa;
4. Kayan konewa sun saki. Don cike ɗakin da wani sabon ɓangare na cakuda mai ƙonewa, dole ne a cire gas ɗin da aka samar sakamakon ƙonewa. Wannan yana faruwa a bugun gaba lokacin da fistan yayi sama. A wannan lokacin, bawul ɗin fitarwa yana buɗewa. Lokacin da fiston ya kai tsakiyar cibiyar mutu, an rufe zagaye (ko saitin shanyewar jiki) a cikin wani silinda daban, kuma ana maimaita aikin.

📌 Fa'idodi da rashin amfanin ICE

Yau mafi kyawun zaɓi na injin don motocin motsa jiki shine ICE. Daga cikin fa'idodin waɗannan rukunin sune:

• sauƙi na gyara;
• tattalin arziki don dogon tafiye-tafiye (ya dogara da ƙarar sa);
• babban kayan aiki;
• isa ga mai mota na matsakaicin kudin shiga.

Ba a ƙirƙira ingantacciyar motar ba tukuna, don haka waɗannan rukunin suma suna da wasu rashin amfani:

• mafi rikitarwa naúrar da tsarin da ke da alaƙa, tsadar aikinsu ya fi tsada (alal misali, motar EcoBoost);
• yana buƙatar daidaitawa na tsarin samar da mai, rarraba wuta da sauran tsarin, wanda ke buƙatar wasu ƙwarewa, in ba haka ba injin ɗin ba zai yi aiki mai kyau ba (ko ba zai fara komai ba);
• karin nauyi (idan aka kwatanta da injin lantarki);
• sawa daga crank inji.

Duk da wadata motoci da yawa tare da wasu nau'ikan motoci (motocin "tsafta" masu amfani da wutar lantarki), ICEs zasu kula da matsayin gasa na dogon lokaci saboda wadatar su. Nau'ikan motoci na lantarki da na lantarki suna samun farin jini, kodayake, saboda tsadar waɗannan motocin da kuma tsadar kulawarsu, har yanzu ba a samu ga matsakaita mai motoci ba.

Tambayoyi gama gari:

Menene injin konewa na ciki? Wannan nau'ikan rukunin wutar lantarki ne, inda aka samar da ɗakin konewa mai rufewa a cikin ƙirar, wanda a ciki ake samar da makamashin zafin jiki (saboda ƙonewar cakuda mai-iska) kuma ya juya zuwa makamashin inji.

Wanene Ya Kirkiro Injin Konewa Na Cikin Gida? Wani samfurin Injin konewa na farko a duniya wanda mai kirkirar Faransa discoveredtven Lenoir ya gano a 1860. Nikolaus Otto ne ya fara kirkirar injin ƙonewa na farko-da-huɗu na farko, bisa ga tsarin da gabaɗaya dukkanin rukunin wutar ke aiki.

Menene injin da aka yi shi? ICE mafi sauki ta ƙunshi bulo na silinda wanda a ciki aka sanya tsarin sandar haɗi, an shigar da rukunin piston, an rufe toshe saman tare da kan silinda tare da aikin rarraba gas (camshaft da bawuloli), cin abinci da shaye shaye tsarin, mai da kuma tsarin ƙonewa.