Menene binciken lambda a cikin mota da yadda za'a duba shi

A cikin motoci na zamani, ana amfani da na'urori na musamman waɗanda ke ba motar damar yin daidai da ƙa'idodin muhalli. Daga cikin irin waɗannan na'urori akwai binciken lambda.

Yi la'akari da dalilin da yasa ake buƙatarsa ​​a cikin mota, inda yake, yadda za a ƙayyade matsalarta, da kuma yadda ake maye gurbinsa.

Menene bincike lambda?

Ana amfani da Girkanci "lambda" a masana'antar injiniya don nuna daidaito. A wannan yanayin, shine iskar oxygen a cikin sharar iska. Don zama cikakke, wannan shine haɓakar iska mai yawa a cikin cakuda-iska.

Don ƙayyade wannan ma'auni, ana amfani da bincike na musamman, wanda ke kimanta yanayin kayan ƙone mai. Ana amfani da wannan ɓangaren a cikin ababen hawa tare da samar da mai na lantarki. Hakanan an shigar dashi a cikin ababen hawa tare da mai canzawa a cikin tsarin shaye shaye.

Menene binciken lambda?

Ana amfani da firikwensin don isar da cakuda iska / mai da inganci. Aikinta yana shafar aikin mai kara kuzari, wanda ke tsayar da abubuwa masu lahani ga muhalli a cikin iska mai shaye shaye. Yana auna karfin oxygen a cikin shaye shaye kuma yana daidaita tsarin mai.

Don injin ɗin ya yi aiki yadda ya kamata, dole ne a samar da cakudadden iska / mai zuwa silinda daidai gwargwado. Idan babu wadataccen iskar oxygen, cakuda za a sake yin wadata. A sakamakon haka, tartsatsin wuta a cikin injin mai na iya ambaliya, kuma tsarin konewa ba zai saki isasshen makamashi don juya crankshaft ba. Hakanan, rashin isashshen oxygen zai haifar da konewar man. A sakamakon haka, ana samar da iska mai gurɓataccen abu, ba carbon dioxide a cikin shaye shaye ba.

A gefe guda kuma, idan akwai iska mai yawa a cikin cakudadden mai fiye da yadda ya kamata, to zai kasance siriri. A sakamakon haka - raguwar ƙarfin injiniya, matsakaicin yanayin zafin jiki ga sassan aikin injin Silinda-piston. Saboda wannan, wasu abubuwa suna saurin lalacewa. Idan akwai wadataccen iskar oxygen a cikin shaye-shayen, to gas ɗin NOx ba za a tsallake shi a cikin haɓaka ba. Wannan kuma yana haifar da gurbatar muhalli.

Tunda samuwar iskar gas mai guba ba za a iya gani da ido ba, ana buƙatar firikwensin musamman wanda zai kula da har ma da ƙananan canje-canje a cikin sharar injin.

Wannan bangare yana da amfani musamman a cikin yanayin karuwar hayakin hayaki (lokacin da motar ke cikin tsananin damuwa). Wannan yana taimaka wajan samarda mai gurɓataccen gurɓataccen abu kuma yana adana mai.

Tsarin bincike na Lambda

A firikwensin zone firikwensin kunshi wadannan abubuwa:

• Jikin karfe. An saka shi tare da gefen juya don sauƙaƙe don shigarwa ko cirewa.
• O-ring don hana iskar gas ta tsere ta cikin micro slot.
• Mai tara zafi.
• Yumbu insulator.
• Wayoyin da aka haɗa wayoyi.
• Hatimi na wayoyi.
• Dumama kashi (mai zafi iri).
• Gidaje. Ana yin rami a ciki ta yadda iska mai tsabta ke shiga ramin.
• Arfin zafi.
• Tiparamar Dielectric. Ya sanya daga yumbu.
• Metalarfin ƙarfe mai kariya tare da perforation.

Babban kayan ƙira shine ƙirar yumbu. Ana yin sa ne daga zirconium oxide An saka shi da sinadarin platinum. Lokacin da tip din yayi zafi (zafin jiki 350-400 digiri), sai ya zama shugaba, kuma ana canza wutar lantarki daga waje zuwa ciki.

Ka'idar gudanar da binciken lambda

Don fahimtar abin da zai iya haifar da matsalar matsalar lambda, kuna buƙatar fahimtar ƙa'idar aikinta. Lokacin da mota ke kan layin samarwa, duk tsarinta ana jituwa da aiki daidai. Koyaya, bayan lokaci, sassan injunan sun tsufa, ƙananan kurakurai na iya faruwa a cikin sashin sarrafa lantarki, wanda zai iya shafar ayyukan tsarin daban-daban, gami da mai.

Na'urar wani yanki ne daga tsarin da ake kira "feedback". ECU tana kirga yawan mai da iska don bayarwa ga yawancin kayan abinci don cakuda ya ƙone sosai a cikin silinda kuma ya sami isasshen makamashi. Tunda motar ta fara aiki a hankali, a kan lokaci, daidaitattun saitunan lantarki basu isa ba - suna buƙatar daidaitawa daidai da yanayin ƙungiyar ƙarfin.

Ana yin wannan aikin ta hanyar binciken lambda. A cikin yanayin cakuda mai yawa, yana ba da ƙungiyar sarrafawa tare da ƙarfin lantarki daidai da mai nuna alama na -1. Idan cakuda ya sirara, to wannan alamun zai zama +1. Godiya ga wannan daidaitawar, ECU yana daidaita tsarin allura zuwa sigogin injina da aka canza.

Na'urar tana aiki bisa ka'ida mai zuwa. Sashin ciki na tukin yumbu yana cikin haɗuwa da iska mai tsabta, ɓangaren waje (wanda yake a cikin bututun shaye shaye) - tare da iskar gas mai ƙarewa (ta hanyar ɓoyayyen allon kariya) yana motsawa ta cikin tsarin shaye shaye. Lokacin da yayi zafi, ion oxygen suna ratsawa daga ciki zuwa saman waje.

Akwai ƙarin oxygen a cikin ramin firikwensin oxygen fiye da na bututun shaye shaye. Bambanci a cikin waɗannan sigogi yana ƙirƙirar ƙarfin lantarki daidai, wanda aka watsa ta hanyar wayoyi zuwa ECU. Dogaro da canji a sigogi, sashin sarrafawa yana daidaita wadatar mai ko iska zuwa silinda.

Ina aka shigar da lambda bincike?

Ana kiran firikwensin bincike don dalilai, kamar yadda aka sanya shi a cikin tsarin shaye-shaye da rikodin alamun da ba za a iya bincika su ba lokacin da tsarin ya baci. Don ingantaccen aiki, an saka firikwensin biyu a cikin motocin zamani. Isayan an murɗa shi a cikin bututun da ke gaban ƙirar, kuma na biyu a bayan mai sauya catalytic.

Idan ba a san abin bincike ba tare da dumama, to ana sanya shi kusa da motar kamar yadda zai yiwu don zafi da sauri. Idan an sanya firikwensin guda biyu a cikin motar, zasu ba ka damar gyara tsarin mai, kazalika da bincika ingancin mai binciken kwalliya.

Iri da fasalin zane

Akwai nau'ikan firikwensin bincike na lambda guda biyu:

• Ba tare da dumama ba;
• Mai tsanani.

Rukuni na farko yana nufin tsoffin iri. Yana ɗaukar lokaci don kunna su. Dole ne rami mai rami ya isa zafin jiki na aiki lokacin da dielectric ya zama shugaba. Har sai yayi zafi har zuwa digiri 350-400, ba zai yi aiki ba. A wannan gaba, ba a gyara cakuda-mai da iska ba, wanda zai iya haifar da mai da ba a ƙona shi ba don shiga cikin mai haɓaka. Wannan a hankali zai rage rayuwar aiki na na'urar.

Saboda wannan dalili, duk motocin zamani suna sanye da siga mai zafi. Hakanan, duk na'urori masu auna sigina an rarraba su zuwa nau'i uku:

• Maki biyu mara zafi;
• Maki biyu mai zafi;
• Hanyar sadarwa.

Mun riga mun sake nazarin gyare-gyare ba tare da dumama ba. Suna iya zama tare da waya ɗaya (ana aika siginar kai tsaye zuwa ECU) ko tare da biyu (na biyu yana da alhakin ƙaddamar da shari'ar). Yana da kyau a ɗan ɗan kula da sauran nau'ikan biyu, saboda sun fi rikitarwa a cikin tsari.

Maki biyu mai dumi

A cikin sifofin ma'ana biyu tare da dumama, za a sami wayoyi uku ko huɗu. A farkon lamarin, zai zama ƙari da debewa don dumama karkace, kuma na uku (baƙar fata) - sigina. Nau'in firikwensin na biyu yana da da'ira iri ɗaya, banda waya ta huɗu. Wannan sashin ƙasa ne.

Hanyar sadarwa

Binciken Broadband yana da mafi haɗin tsarin haɗin haɗi zuwa tsarin abin hawa. Yana da wayoyi guda biyar. Kowane mai sana'anta yana amfani da lakabin daban don nuna wanene ke da alhakin abin. Mafi yawanci, baƙar fata alama ce, kuma launin toka ƙasa ce.

Sauran wayoyi guda biyu sune masu bada wuta dan dumamawa. Wani waya kuma waya ce ta allura. Wannan sinadarin yana daidaita yanayin iska a cikin firikwensin. Yin famfo yana faruwa ne saboda canjin ƙarfin yanzu a cikin wannan ɓangaren.

Lambda bincike bayyanar cututtuka

Alamar farko ta firikwensin firikwensin ita ce ƙaruwar amfani da mai (yayin da yanayin aikin injin yake canzawa). A wannan yanayin, za a lura da raguwar aiki mai kuzari. Koyaya, wannan ma'aunin bai kamata ya zama ma'auni kawai ba.

Ga wasu karin "alamun" na binciken da bai dace ba:

• Concentrationara ƙarfin CO. Ana auna wannan ma'aunin ta na'urar ta musamman.
• Injin CHECK ya kunna kan dashboard. Amma a wannan yanayin, ya kamata ku tuntuɓi sabis ɗin. Gargadin mai yiwuwa ba zai shafi wannan firikwensin ba.

Sensin oxygen ya kasa saboda dalilai masu zuwa:

• Halin halitta da hawaye.
• Antifreeze ta hau shi.
• An tsabtace shari'ar ba daidai ba.
• Rashin ingantaccen mai (babban abun ciki na gubar).
• Hearfin zafi

Hanyoyi don bincika lambda bincike

Don bincika lafiyar lambda, a multimeter ya isa. Ana yin aikin a cikin tsari mai zuwa:

• Ana yin gwajin waje. Kitsen da ke jikinsa yana nuna cewa wataƙila ya ƙone.
• An cire firikwensin daga kewayawar lantarki, motar tana farawa.
• Dole ne a zafafa tip ɗin zuwa zafin jiki na aiki. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar kiyaye saurin injin a cikin juyin juya halin dubu 2-3.
• Ana haɗa lambobin multimeter da wayoyin firikwensin. An haɗu da sandar tabbatacciyar na'urar zuwa wayar sigina (baƙi). Korau - ƙasa (waya mai toka, idan ba, to kawai ga jikin mota).
• Idan firikwensin na iya aiki, karatun multimeter zai canza tsakanin 0,2-0,8 V. Wani larabin bincike mai lahani zai nuna karatu daga 0,3 zuwa 0,7 V. Idan nuni ya tabbata, wannan yana nufin cewa firikwensin baya aiki ...

Sauyawa da gyaran lambda

Yaya idan firikwensin ya fita aiki? Yana buƙatar sauyawa. Ba a gyara shi. Gaskiya ne, wasu masu sana'a suna amfani da dabaru ko kashe firikwensin. Koyaya, waɗannan hanyoyin suna cike da lalacewar haɓaka da raguwar ingancin injin ƙonewa na ciki.

Wajibi ne don canza firikwensin zuwa kamarsa. Gaskiyar ita ce ECU ta dace da sigogin wata na'urar. Idan kun girka wani kwaskwarima, akwai yiwuwar samun alamun da basu dace ba. Wannan na iya haifar da sakamako daban-daban marasa dadi, gami da saurin gazawar mai samarda kayan.

Sauya binciken lambda dole ne ayi shi akan injin sanyi. Lokacin siyan sabon firikwensin oxygen, yana da mahimmanci a tabbatar cewa asalin an siya, kuma ba kwatancen da ya dace da wannan abin hawa ba. Ba za a iya gane matsalar ta aiki nan da nan ba, amma daga baya na'urar zata daina aiki kuma.

Hanyar shigar da sabon firikwensin mai sauqi ne:

• An katse wayoyi daga tsohuwar binciken.
• Kuskuren firikwensin ba a kwance ba.
• Wani sabo ne aka toka a wurinshi.
• Ana saka wayoyi daidai da alama.

Lokacin maye gurbin na'urar firikwensin oxygen, dole ne ku yi hankali kada ku tsinkaye zaren da ke ciki ko a bututun shaye-shayen. Bayan maye gurbin motar, fara farawa da bincika aikin na'urar (ta amfani da multimeter, kamar yadda aka bayyana a sama).

Kamar yadda kake gani, ingancin injin motar ya dogara da sigogin da suke zuwa daga binciken lambda zuwa ECU. Mahimmancin firikwensin yana ƙaruwa idan an gama tsarin shaye shaye tare da mai sauya kayan aiki.

Tambayoyi & Amsa:

Ina binciken lambda? Ana murɗa firikwensin cikin tsarin shaye-shaye kamar yadda zai yiwu ga mai ƙara kuzari. Motocin zamani suna amfani da na'urorin binciken lambda guda biyu (ɗaya a gaban mai kara kuzari, ɗayan kuma a bayansa).

Menene aikin firikwensin lambda? Wannan firikwensin yana lura da abubuwan da ke tattare da iskar gas. Dangane da siginar sa, sashin kulawa yana daidaita abubuwan da ke tattare da cakuda man iska.