Chevrolet Niva injuna

Dangane da rarrabuwar Chevrolet Niva, an ƙirƙira shi azaman ƙaramin abin hawa na ƙasa duka. Kyakkyawan halayen fasaha suna ba ku damar sarrafa motar a kusan kowane, har ma da yanayi mafi tsanani. Saboda haka, samfurin ya zama sananne a kasarmu. Bari mu dubi fasalin wannan abin hawa, da kuma duk nau'ikan injin da aka sanya akan motar.

Samfurin

An fara nuna sabon samfurin a Moscow Motor Show a shekarar 1998, kuma an ɗauka cewa ƙaddamar da jerin zai faru a cikin wannan shekara. Amma rikicin bai bar masana'anta su fara samarwa ba. A sakamakon haka, ƙananan taro ya fara ne kawai a cikin 2001, kuma an fara samar da cikakken samfurori a cikin 2002, bayan da aka shirya haɗin gwiwa tare da General Motors.

Da farko an ɗauka cewa wannan ƙirar zai maye gurbin Niva na yau da kullun, amma a ƙarshe an fara samar da samfuran biyu a layi daya. Haka kuma, Chevrolet Niva ya shagaltar da mafi tsada kashi.

Samar da duk lokacin a shuka a Tolyatti. Wannan shi ne tushen site na AvtoVAZ. Ana samar da yawancin abubuwan da aka gyara anan. Injin Z18XE da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin sigar riga-kafi na motar ne aka shigo da shi daga kasashen waje. An yi amfani da shi kawai har zuwa 2009. An kera wannan injin a masana'antar injin Szentgotthard.

Hanyoyin injiniya

Da farko Chevrolet Niva sanye take da biyu injuna, dangane da gyare-gyare - Z18XE da Vaz-2123. Bayan restyling kawai na gida engine Vaz-2123 bar. A cikin teburin da ke ƙasa zaku iya ganin mahimman halayen waɗannan injunan konewa na ciki.

halayyar mutum	VAZ-2123	Z18XE
Matsayin injin, mai siffar sukari cm	1690	1796
Matsakaicin karfin juyi, N*m (kg*m) a rev. /min	127(13)/4000 128(13)/4000	165(17)/4600 167(17)/3800 170(17)/3800
Matsakaicin iko, h.p.	80	122 - 125
Matsakaicin iko, hp (kW) da rev. /min.	80(59)/5000	122(90)/5600 122(90)/6000 125(92)/3800 125(92)/5600 125(92)/6000
An yi amfani da mai	Man fetur AI-92	Man fetur AI-92 Man fetur AI-95
Amfanin mai, l / 100 km	10.09.2018	7.9 - 10.1
nau'in injin	A cikin layi, 4-silinda	A cikin layi, 4-silinda
Silinda diamita, mm	82	80.5
Yawan bawul a kowane silinda	2	4
Ara bayanin injiniya	allura mai mai yawa	allura mai mai yawa
Bugun jini, mm	80	88.2
Matsakaicin matsawa	9.3	10.5
Supercharger	Babu	Babu
Fitowar CO2 a cikin g / km	238	185 - 211
Rayuwar injin kilomita dubu.	150-200	250-300

Direbobi suna sha'awar wurin da lambar injin take. Yanzu ba a buƙatar yin rajistar mota ba, amma a aikace har yanzu yana da daraja a duba ƙa'idodinta. A kan Z18XE yana da wuya a same shi; yana nan a bakin injin kusa da akwatin gear. Embosed da Laser engraving.

A Vaz-2123 alama yana tsakanin 3rd da 4th cylinders. Ana iya ƙidaya shi ba tare da wata matsala ba idan ya cancanta.

Lura cewa sau da yawa lambar tana fuskantar lalata. Don haka, bayan siyan mota na hannu na biyu, ana ba da shawarar duba ingancin farantin lasisin kuma, idan ya cancanta, tsaftace shi. Don kare alamar, kawai a shafa wa wurin maiko ko lithol.

Siffofin aiki

Don tabbatar da aiki na dogon lokaci da ba tare da matsala na rukunin wutar lantarki ba, dole ne a kiyaye shi sosai kuma a kiyaye shi sosai. Ana kuma ba da shawarar kada injin ya yi aiki a cikin matsanancin yanayi.

Da farko, bari mu dubi engine Vaz-2123, shi ne wani modified version na ikon naúrar shigar a kan "classic Niva". Babban bambance-bambancen su ne kamar haka.

• Akwai ƙarin ɗakuna don shigar da ƙarin kayan aiki.
• Ba a dunƙule matatar mai kai tsaye a cikin toshe, wanda ya saba da duk injunan VAZ, amma yana da tsaka-tsaki. Wannan abin da ake sakawa ana kiransa madaidaicin famfo mai. Ana kuma makala famfon mai sarrafa wutar lantarki da shi.
• An ɗan gyara kan Silinda. An tsara shi don amfani da tallafin ruwa na INA.
• An yi amfani da sabon famfo, an yi masa alama 2123. Babban bambanci shine amfani da abin nadi maimakon ƙwallon ƙwallon.
• An gyaggyara kwanon rufin; Akwatin gear gear na gaba baya manne da shi.
• Jirgin man fetur da aka yi amfani da shi shine 2123-1144010-11.

An yi amfani da injin Z18XE sosai a cikin nau'ikan motoci daban-daban. Akwai gyare-gyare da yawa na rukunin wutar lantarki. An shigar da shi akan Chevrolet Niva, yana da fasali masu zuwa.

• Wutar lantarki. Hakan ya ba da damar sarrafa mai yadda ya kamata.
• An gina na'urorin binciken lambda guda biyu a cikin sabon nau'in abin sha.

Sakamakon ya kasance motar asali tare da saitunan ban sha'awa. Godiya ga saitunan, yana yiwuwa a cimma wasu bambance-bambance a cikin iko da amsawar maƙura.

Sabis

Don cimma iyakar rayuwar sabis, yana da mahimmanci don kula da motar yadda ya kamata. Da farko, yana da daraja tunawa da mahimmancin maye gurbin man fetur na lokaci. Ana ba da shawarar yin wannan aikin sau ɗaya kowace kilomita dubu 15. Kowane canji na biyu ya kamata a haɗa shi tare da wankewa. Wannan shawarar ta shafi injinan biyu.

Hakanan yana da daraja zabar mai daidai. Injin Z18XE yakamata a cika shi da synthetics kawai; mafi kyawun zaɓuɓɓuka zasu kasance:

• 0W-30;
• 0W-40;
• 5W-30;
• 5W-40;
• 5W-50;
• 10W-40;
• 15W-40.

Zai buƙaci kimanin lita 4,5.

Injin Vaz-2123 yana cike da lita 3,75 na mai, kuma a nan zai zama mafi kyau duka don amfani da roba. Don sauran sigogi, zaku iya amfani da mai iri ɗaya kamar na injin da aka bayyana a sama.

Vaz-2123 engine yana da wani lokaci sarkar drive. A wannan batun, an canza shi da wuya. Matsakaicin rayuwar sabis tsakanin maye gurbin shine kilomita dubu 150. A lokaci guda, mai sana'anta ba ya tsara lokacin maye gurbin. An ƙaddara komai ta hanyar alamun matsala, da farko dai muna magana ne game da ƙara yawan hayaniyar inji, musamman ma lokacin ɗauka ko sauke gudu.

Motar Z18XE tana jan bel. Dangane da ƙayyadaddun masana'anta, dole ne a maye gurbinsa a kilomita dubu 60. Kuma bisa ga kwarewar masu sha'awar mota, yana da kyau a yi haka bayan 45-50 dubu, saboda akwai haɗarin fashewa. A wannan yanayin, za ku sami lankwasa bawuloli.

Matsaloli

Sau da yawa, direbobi suna koka game da inganci da amincin injin konewa na ciki na Chevrolet Niva. A zahiri, akwai 'yan matsaloli kaɗan a nan, kuma da farko muna magana ne game da gazawar fasaha. An ambata a baya cewa direbobi na iya fuskantar bel ɗin da aka karye akan Z18XE, kuma a wannan yanayin, za a sami bawuloli masu lanƙwasa. Wannan a fili yana haifar da buƙatar manyan gyare-gyare.

Tsarin sarkar lokaci, wanda aka sanye shi da sashin wutar lantarki na cikin gida, yana iya haifar da matsaloli. Akwai na'ura mai ba da wutar lantarki da aka shigar a wurin; tana iya yin kasawa a nisan mil dubu 50. Idan ba ku kula da wannan a kan lokaci ba, sarkar tsalle. Saboda haka, muna samun lalacewa bawuloli.

Har ila yau a kan Vaz-2123, na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa compensators iya kasa. Wannan yana haifar da bugun bawul da ƙara yawan mai. Wata matsala mai ma'ana ga injunan Rasha ita ce yoyon fitsari akai-akai. Man zai iya tserewa daga ƙarƙashin kowane gaskets, wanda ba shi da kyau sosai.

Duk injunan biyu suna da matsala gama gari tare da na'urorin kunna wuta. Sau da yawa suna kasawa a nisan mil na 100-120 dubu. Ana iya kiran alamar ta farko ta raguwa.

Injin Z18XE yana nuna gazawar sashin sarrafawa. Sau da yawa a cikin wannan yanayin akwai matsaloli masu yawa a cikin aikin motar. Haka kuma, ECU na iya haifar da kurakurai daga na'urori daban-daban, kuma za su canza bayan kowane sake saiti. Makanikai marasa ƙwararru sau da yawa suna bi ta cikin injin gabaɗaya har sai sun isa ga ainihin musabbabin rushewar. Hakanan yana iya faruwa da sauri, musamman a ƙananan gudu, dalilin shine gurɓataccen bawul ɗin magudanar ruwa.

Tuning damar

Ana iya amfani da gyaran guntu don injunan biyu. A wannan yanayin, ta hanyar reflashing za ka iya samun ƙarin 15-20 hp. Babban hasara na irin wannan gyare-gyare shine raguwar rayuwar injin. Dalilin shi ne sigogin da aka canza waɗanda ba a tsara kayan aikin injin konewa na ciki ba. Babban fa'idar chipping shine ikon saita alamomi daban-daban dangane da bukatun ku. Misali, zaku iya ƙara ko rage yawan amfani da mai, ko canza wuta. Wannan hanya ce mai sauƙi kuma mai sauƙi da ake samu ga masu sha'awar mota.

A kan injin Z18XE, zaɓi mai kyau shine maye gurbin yawan shaye-shaye. Zai zama mafi kyau don shigar da tsarin shaye-shaye mai gudana kai tsaye. Anan kuna buƙatar canza saitunan ECU don kada naúrar ta haifar da kuskuren haɓakawa.

Injin Z18XE baya mayar da martani sosai ga maye gurbin camshaft da ƙoshin silinda. Aikin yana da tsada, kuma yana ba da kusan babu karuwa a cikin iko. Kwararrun kunnawa ba sa ba da shawarar yin irin wannan gyare-gyare akan wannan naúrar.

Vaz-2123 ne mafi alhẽri a maye gurbin aka gyara. Shigar da crankshaft tare da gajerun hannaye yana ba da damar rage bugun piston. Idan kun ƙara gajerun sanduna masu haɗawa zuwa wannan gyare-gyare, zaku iya ƙara ƙarar zuwa lita 1,9. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki zai karu daidai da haka.

A kan Vaz-2123 za ku iya ɗaukar silinda ba tare da wata matsala ba. Matsakaicin kauri na toshe yana ba da damar aiwatar da irin waɗannan abubuwan gamawa ba tare da sakamako mara kyau ba. Hakanan ana ba da shawarar ɗaukar bawul ɗin kuma shigar da wasu daga nau'in wasanni na injin. Duk wannan yana ba da kyakkyawan ƙari ga ƙarfin wutar lantarki.

Wani lokaci ana ba direbobi don shigar da injin turbin da ba a haɗa shi azaman misali ba. Anan kuna buƙatar duba injin ɗin da ke cikin motar ku. Idan an shigar da VAZ-2123, injin turbin zai iya kuma ya kamata a shigar. Wannan zai rage yawan man fetur da kuma ƙara ƙarfin wuta da kusan 30%. Idan aka yi amfani da Z18XE, babu ma'ana a shigar da injin turbin. Wannan gyara ba shi da tasiri sosai, kuma yana da tsada sosai. Ya fi inganci da abin dogaro don yin musanyar injin.

SWAP

Ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun nau'ikan kunnawa shine SWAP. A wannan yanayin, ana maye gurbin motar tare da ƙarancin aiki kawai tare da wani, mafi dacewa. Akwai zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa don irin wannan gyara. Da farko, ya kamata ku yanke shawarar abin da kuke buƙata da abin da injin yake daidai. Idan kana da injin VAZ, zaka iya gwada shigar da Z18XE, a wannan yanayin zaka sami karuwa kusan 40 hp. kuma ba za ku sake yin komai ba kwata-kwata. To, idan kawai an canza akwatin gearbox.

Har ila yau, sau da yawa, direbobi suna shigar da VAZ 21126, wanda aka tsara don Priora. A sakamakon haka, za ku sami albarkatu mai tsayi, da kuma ƙara ƙarfin dan kadan. Don shigarwa, kuna buƙatar canza nau'in shaye-shaye; an sanya shi a kan kauri mai kauri na 2-3 cm, sa'an nan kuma wando ba zai shiga hulɗa da spar ba.

Mutane kalilan ne suka san cewa an shirya fitar da sigar dizal na Chevrolet Niva. Ya kamata a yi amfani da injin da Peugeot - XUD 9 SD ke ƙera. Yana da kusan manufa don Shniva. Don shigar da shi, ba a buƙatar gyara kwata-kwata, kawai walƙiya ECU, bayan duk, injin dizal ne.

Don motoci tare da Z18XE, shawarwari iri ɗaya sun dace da naúrar VAZ. Babban fa'ida shine turbocharging. Gaskiyar ita ce, asalin wannan injin an yi niyya ne kuma ana amfani da shi don Opel. Ga motocin Jamus akwai zaɓi tare da injin turbin. Don haka za ku iya shigar da shi, ƙara ƙarfin injin da amsawar maƙura. Ba za a buƙaci wasu gyare-gyare banda ƙarin kunna ECU ba.

Mafi na kowa zaɓi

Mafi sau da yawa a kan hanyoyinmu akwai Chevrolet Nivas tare da injin Vaz-2123. Dalilin shi ne mai sauki: da version tare da Opel engine ba a samar tun 2009. A wannan lokacin, injin VAZ kusan gaba ɗaya ya maye gurbinsa daga cikin motocin.

Wanne gyara ya fi kyau

Ba shi yiwuwa a ce babu shakka wane injin ya fi dogaro kuma ya fi kyau. Yawancin ya dogara da yadda kuke amfani da motar. Don yanayin birane, Z18XE ya fi dacewa; ya fi tasiri akan kwalta. Vaz-2123 yana da ƙananan revs, wanda yake da kyau sosai a kan hanya.

Idan muka yi la'akari da aminci, duka motoci sun lalace. Amma Z18XE yana da ƙananan ƙananan kurakurai waɗanda ke lalata rayuwar masu sha'awar mota. A lokaci guda Vaz-2123 sananne ne ga ƙananan matsaloli tare da leaks, firikwensin gazawar da sauran shortcomings.