Dankowar man injin don rani, hunturu. Tebur mai zafi.
Man fetur, kamar yadda kuka sani, yana yin aiki mai mahimmanci a cikin injin - yana lubricates sassan mating, yana tabbatar da matsi na silinda kuma yana cire duk kayan konewa. Ana samar da dukkan man fetur ta hanyar distillation na man fetur da kuma rabuwa da sassa masu nauyi daga gare ta, kuma an saita saitin halayen aikin da aka ba da shi ta hanyar amfani da addittu daban-daban.
Ɗaya daga cikin mahimman kaddarorin kowane man inji shine danko. Dankowar mai shine ikon kula da abubuwan da ake so a cikin kewayon zafin jiki da aka bayar, wato, kasancewa tsakanin sassan mating yayin kiyaye ruwa. Yanayin zafin jiki ya dogara da nau'in injin da kuma yanayin yanayin da ake sarrafa shi. Misali, ga kasashen da ke da yanayi mai dumi, ana bukatar man da ke da ma'aunin danko, bi da bi, zai yi kauri fiye da wadanda ake amfani da su a yankunan sanyi.
Yadda za a ƙayyade danko na man fetur?
Idan kun taɓa ganin gwangwani na filastik da ake siyarwa a tashoshin gas har ma a cikin manyan kantuna da yawa, to duk suna da nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan - 10W-40, 5W-30, 15W-40, kuma akan gwangwani don mai, nigrol, mai gearbox An tsara - 80W-90, 75W-80, da sauransu. Menene waɗannan lambobi da haruffa suke nufi?
W - wannan daga kalmar hunturu - hunturu, wato, kowane nau'in man fetur na motar da ke da irin wannan zane ya dace da amfani a yanayin hunturu. Gaskiya ne, dole ne a fayyace cewa hunturu sun bambanta - a cikin Crimea ko a Sochi, yanayin zafi da wuya ya faɗi ga waɗannan matsananci dabi'u waɗanda ke faruwa a Novosibirsk ko Yakutsk.
Bari mu ɗauki nau'in da ya fi kowa a cikin yanayin yanayin mu - 10W-40. Lamba goma yana nuna cewa danko na mai a cikin sanyi na rage digiri 25 (don samun wannan adadi, kuna buƙatar cire 35 daga goma) ya kai matsakaicin darajar lokacin da har yanzu yana yiwuwa a fara injin lafiya.
Har ila yau, akwai ma'auni na famfo, wanda ke ƙayyade mafi ƙarancin zafin iska wanda famfo zai iya yin amfani da mai a cikin tsarin. Don gano wannan zafin jiki, kuna buƙatar cire arba'in daga lambobi na farko - don 10W-40 muna samun darajar rage digiri 30. Don haka, irin wannan nau'in mai ya dace da ƙasashen da ba su da sanyi sama da digiri 25-30 a ƙasa da sifili.
Idan muka yi magana game da lamba na biyu a cikin alamar - 40 - to, yana ƙayyade kinematic da danko mai ƙarfi a +100 da +150 digiri, bi da bi. Yawan man fetur ya fi girma, mafi girma wannan alamar. Oil 10W-40, duk da haka, kamar kowane abu, a cikin nadi wanda harafin W ya kasance, shi ne duk yanayi kuma ana amfani dashi a matsakaicin yanayin zafi daga -30 zuwa +40. Ga wadanda injuna da suka yi aiki daga rabin rayuwarsu, ana bada shawarar yin amfani da mai inda ma'aunin danko a yanayin zafi shine 50 - 10W-50 ko 20W-50.
Danko tebur.
Idan muka yi magana game da mai, to, akwai ma'auni na musamman, wanda ba za mu taɓa shi ba, za mu ce kawai ƙananan lambobi na farko a cikin alamar, ƙananan yanayin zafi mai zai iya riƙe kaddarorinsa. Misali, ana iya amfani da 75W-80 ko 75W-90 a yanayin zafi daga -40 zuwa +35, da 85W-90 - daga -15 zuwa +40.
Yadda za a zabi mai ta danko?
Lokacin zabar man inji don samfurin musamman, kuna buƙatar kula da nau'ikan ƙira: nau'in injin, nau'in abin hawa, ɗanɗano - dizal / man fetur, injector / carburetor, fasinja / babbar mota, da sauransu. Duk wannan ana nunawa akan lakabin. Bugu da ƙari, akwai mai da masana'antun suka ba da shawarar, kada ku yi watsi da waɗannan jagororin, tun da an tsara injin don wani matakin danko.
Tun da Rasha tana da babban bambance-bambancen yanayin zafi na yanayi, kuna buƙatar zaɓar ainihin mai waɗanda suka dace da yanayin yanayin ku. Misali, a yanayin zafi kadan, ko da ba matsananci ba, zai zama da sauki a fara injin idan an cika man fetur 5W-30, tunda ya rike kaddarorin aikinsa a yanayin zafi zuwa -40.
Idan matsakaicin yanayin zafi na shekara-shekara yana cikin kewayon -20 zuwa +20, to, ba kwa buƙatar fito da wani abu na musamman kuma ku yi amfani da man fetur mai yawa 10W-40, 15W-40, da kyau, ko 10W-50, 20W-50 ga injuna "gajiya".
Gwaje-gwajen wasu man motoci da aikinsu.
Ana lodawa…
