Thorsen: tsararraki, na'urori da ka'idar aiki

A yayin motsi na motar, ana yin amfani da sakamako daban-daban akan ƙafafun ta, farawa daga karfin juzu'in da ya fito daga injin ta hanyar watsawa, kuma ya ƙare tare da bambanci a cikin juyi lokacin da abin hawa ke cin nasara da kaifi. A cikin motocin zamani, ana amfani da banbanci don kawar da bambanci a cikin juyawar ƙafafu a kan axle ɗaya.

Ba za mu yi la'akari dalla-dalla abin da yake da abin da ma'anar aikinta yake ba - akwai raba labarin... A cikin wannan bita, zamuyi la'akari da ɗayan shahararrun nau'ikan hanyoyin - Torsen. Bari mu tattauna mene ne keɓaɓɓen abu, yadda yake aiki, da abin da aka shigar da motoci, da kuma irin nau'ikan da ke ciki. Wannan tsarin ya shahara musamman godiya ga gabatarwar da yayi a cikin SUVs da duk wata motar mota.

A yawancin samfuran su na motoci masu hawa huɗu, masu kera motoci suna shigar da tsarin daban-daban waɗanda ke rarraba juzu'i tare da gatarin motar. Misali, ga BMW, wannan shine xDrive (karanta game da wannan ci gaban a nan), Mercedes -Benz - 4Matic (menene mahimmancin sa, an bayyana shi daban) da dai sauransu Sau da yawa bambanci tare da kullewa ta atomatik an haɗa shi a cikin na'urar waɗannan tsarin.

Menene bambanci Torsen

Bambancin Torsen na ɗaya daga cikin sauye-sauye na kayan aiki tare da nau'ikan tsutsar ciki da babban rikici. Ana amfani da irin waɗannan na'urori a cikin tsarin ababen hawa daban-daban waɗanda aka rarraba ƙarfin juzu'i daga akushin tuki zuwa akasarin abin hawa. An saka na'urar a kan keken tuƙin, wanda ke hana saurin lalacewar taya lokacin da motar ke tafiya a kan hanyar da ke kan hanyar hawa.

Hakanan, ana shigar da irin wannan hanyoyin tsakanin axles biyu domin dauke iko daga bangaren wuta zuwa na biyu, hakan yasa ya zama jagora. A cikin yawancin samfuran zamani na motocin da ke kan hanya, ana maye gurbin bambancin cibiyar ta hanyar haɗawa da farantin farantu da yawa (tsarinta, gyare-gyarensa da ƙa'idar aikinta ana la'akari da su) a wani labarin).

Sunan Thorsen a zahiri ana fassarashi daga Ingilishi azaman "mai karfin damuwa". Wannan nau'in na'urar tana da ikon kulle kansa. Saboda wannan, makullin kulle kansa baya buƙatar ƙarin na'urori waɗanda zasu daidaita aikin injin ɗin da ake la'akari. Wannan aikin zai faru ne lokacin da tuki da tuka keɓaɓɓu suna da rpm daban-daban ko karfin juyi.

Tsarin hanyoyin kulle kai yana nuna kasancewar tsutsar ciki (tuƙuru da jagora). A cikin da'irar masu ababen hawa, zaku iya jin sunan tauraron ɗan adam ko rabin-axle. Waɗannan duk ma'ana ce ga giya tsutsa da ake amfani da ita a wannan aikin. Kayan tsutsa na da fasali guda ɗaya - baya buƙatar watsa jujjuyawar jujjuya daga kusa da giya. Akasin haka, wannan ɓangaren na iya karkatar da abubuwan da ke kusa da kansa. Wannan yana ba da makullin bambanci na banbanci.

Manufar

Don haka, mahimmancin bambancin Torsen shine samar da ingantaccen ikon cirewa da rarraba karfin wuta tsakanin hanyoyin biyu. Idan ana amfani da na'urar a cikin ƙafafun tuƙi, to ya zama dole don haka lokacin da ƙafafun ɗaya suka zame, na biyu ba zai rasa ƙarfin ba, amma yana ci gaba da aiki, yana ba da ƙwanƙwasawa tare da farfajiyar hanyar. Bambancin tsakiya yana da irin wannan aikin - lokacin da ƙafafun babban axle suka zame, yana iya kullewa da canja wurin ɓangaren wutar zuwa axle na biyu.

A cikin wasu motocin zamani, masu kera motoci na iya amfani da wani canji na daban wanda da kansa yake kulle ƙafafun da aka dakatar. Godiya ga wannan, ba a samar da matsakaicin ƙarfi zuwa gaɓar bakin axle, amma ga wanda ke da kyakkyawar motsi. Wannan kayan aikin watsawar yana da kyau idan injin yakan shawo kan yanayin hanya.

Matsayinta ya dogara da irin watsawar motar da:

• Motar dabaran gaba. A wannan yanayin, bambancin zai kasance a cikin gidan gearbox;
• Motar dabaran baya. A cikin wannan tsari, za a shigar da bambanci a cikin gidan axle na abin tuki;
• Motocin hawa hudu. A wannan yanayin, za a sanya banbanci (idan ba a yi amfani da kamaƙen cibiyar farantin awo a matsayin takwaransa ba) a cikin ɗakunan axle na gaba da na baya. Yana watsa karfin juyi zuwa duk ƙafafun. Idan an shigar da na'urar a cikin akwatin sauyawa, to zai bayar da ikon daukewa ta hanyar mashin din tuki (don karin bayani kan menene batun canja wuri, karanta a cikin wani bita).

Tarihin halitta

Kafin wannan na’urar ta bayyana, direbobin motocin da ke tuka kansu sun lura da raguwar sarrafawar ma’aikatan lokacin da yake shawo kan lankwasa cikin sauri. A wannan lokacin, duk ƙafafun, waɗanda ke da alaƙa haɗuwa da juna ta hanyar axle na yau da kullun, suna da saurin kusurwa iri ɗaya. Saboda wannan tasirin, ɗayan ƙafafun sun rasa haɗuwa da farfajiyar hanya (injin yana sa shi juyawa a daidai wannan saurin, kuma gefen hanyar yana hana shi), wanda ya inganta saurin lalacewar taya.

Don magance wannan matsalar, injiniyoyin da ke samar da sauye-sauye na gaba na motoci sun ja hankali ga na'urar, wanda mai kirkirar Faransa O. Pecker ya kirkira. Tana da shafuka da giya a fasalin ta. Aikin inji shi ne tabbatar da cewa karfin juzu'i yana yaduwa daga injin tururin zuwa ƙafafun tuki.

Kodayake a cikin lamura da yawa safarar ta zama mai karko lokacin da aka fara tafiya, amma tare da taimakon wannan naurar ba zai yiwu a iya kawar da zamewar keken a wasu hanzari masu saurin kusurwa ba. Wannan rashin daidaito ya bayyana musamman lokacin da motar ta fado kan wata hanya mai santsi (kankara ko laka).

Tun da safarar har yanzu ba ta da karko lokacin da aka hau kan titunan da ba su da kyau, wannan yakan haifar da faruwar hatsarin hanya. Wannan ya canza ne lokacin da mai tsara Ferdinand Porsche ya kirkiro wata na’urar daukar hoto wacce ke hana wayoyin motsa jiki zamewa. Wannan kayan aikin inji ya sami hanyar watsa shi samfurin Volkswagen da yawa.

Bambanci tare da na'urar kulle kai an haɓaka ta injiniyan Ba'amurke V. Glizman. An ƙirƙira inji a cikin 1958. Torsen ne ya ƙirƙira wannan ƙirƙirar kuma har yanzu yana da wannan suna. Kodayake na'urar da kanta tana da tasiri sosai da farko, a kan lokaci, sauye-sauye da yawa ko ƙarni na wannan aikin sun bayyana. Menene bambancin su, zamuyi la'akari nan gaba kadan. Yanzu zamu maida hankali kan yadda bambancin Thorsen ke aiki.

Yadda yake aiki

Mafi sau da yawa, ana samun aikin Thorsen a cikin waɗancan motocin waɗanda a ciki za a iya aiwatar da tashin wuta ba wai kawai a kan wata hanya ba, har ma a kan keɓaɓɓiyar ƙafa. Sau da yawa, ana sanya bambancin kulle kansa a kan samfuran motar gaba.

Injin yana aiki bisa ga ƙa'idar da ke tafe. Rarrabawar yana watsa juyawa zuwa takamaiman dabaran ko axle ta hanyar bambanci. A farkon samfuran mota, injin ɗin ya iya canza adadin ƙarfin a cikin kashi 50/50 bisa ɗari (1/1). Sauye-sauye na zamani suna iya sake rarraba ƙarfin juyawa zuwa rabo na 7/1. Wannan yana bawa direba damar sarrafa abin hawan koda kuwa guda daya ne ke da jan hankali.

Lokacin da saurin keken motar ya tashi da sauri, sai a kulle nau'ikan tsutsar ciki na inji. A sakamakon haka, ana jagorantar sojojin zuwa wani mizani akan tsayayyen ƙafafun. Wheelafaffun skid a cikin sabbin motocin zamani sun kusan rasa ƙarfin juzu'i, wanda ke hana motar daga zamewa ko kuma idan motar ta makale cikin laka / dusar ƙanƙara.

Bambancin kulle kansa ba za a iya sanya shi ba kawai a kan motocin baƙi. Sau da yawa ana iya samun wannan aikin akan ƙirar motar gida ko ta gaba-dabaran tuki. A cikin wannan sigar, motar, ba shakka, ba ta zama motar hawa ta ƙasa ba, amma idan ana amfani da ƙafafun ƙafafu a ciki kaɗan, kuma izinin ƙasa yana da tsawo (don ƙarin bayani game da wannan sigar, duba a cikin wani bita), to, a hade tare da bambancin Torsen, watsawa zai bawa abin hawa damar jimre da yanayin matsakaiciyar hanya.

1) Yanayi iri ɗaya na kowane axle: an samarda karfin juyi a daidai gwargwado ga duka rawannin axle, ƙafafun suna juyawa a daidai wannan saurin;
2) Jigon gaban yana kan kankara: yanayin gaban / na baya na karfin karfin zai iya zuwa 1 / 3.5; ƙafafun gaba suna juyawa cikin sauri mafi girma;
3) Motar ta shiga kusurwa: rarraba karfin juzu'i na iya kaiwa 3.5 / 1 (ƙafafun gaba / na baya), ƙafafun gaba suna juyawa da sauri;
4) wheelsafafun baya suna kan kankara: karfin juzu'i na iya kaiwa 3.5 / 1 (gaban / baya axle), ƙafafun baya suna saurin juyawa.

Yi la'akari da aiki na bambancin giciye-axle. Ana iya raba dukkan aikin zuwa matakai daban-daban:

1. Gearbox yana watsa karfin juzu'i zuwa jakar da aka kora ta cikin babbar mashigar;
2. Jirgin da aka kora yana ɗaukar juyawa. Abinda ake kira mai dako ko kofi an kafe shi. Wadannan sassan suna juyawa tare da kayan aikin da aka kora;
3. Yayin da kofin da giya ke juyawa, ana yada juyawa zuwa tauraron dan adam;
4. Gwanon axle na kowane ƙafafun yana ƙafafun tauraron ɗan adam. Tare da waɗannan abubuwan, dabaran da ke daidai ya juya;
5. Lokacin da ake amfani da ƙarfin juyawa daidai ga bambanci, tauraron dan adam ba zai juya ba. A wannan yanayin, giyar da aka kora kawai ke juyawa. Tauraron dan adam din ya kasance a tsaye a cikin ƙoƙon. Godiya ga wannan, ana rarraba karfi daga gearbox zuwa rabi zuwa kowane ramin axle;
6. Lokacin da motar ta shiga juyawa, dabaran da ke waje na rabin zagaye yana yin juyi fiye da wanda ke cikin cikin rabin zagayen. Saboda wannan, a cikin motocin da ke da ƙafafun ƙafafun da ke haɗe a kan axle ɗaya, akwai asarar tuntuɓar hanyar saman, tunda ana haifar da juriya na wani girman daban a kowane bangare. Ana kawar da wannan tasirin ta motsi na tauraron dan adam. Baya ga gaskiyar cewa suna juyawa tare da ƙoƙon, waɗannan abubuwan haɗin suna fara juyawa a kewayen su. Abubuwan da aka kera na waɗannan abubuwa shine cewa hakoransu ana yin su ne a cikin hanyar mazugi. Lokacin da tauraron dan adam ke jujjuya jujjuyawar su, saurin juyawar wata ƙafa yana ƙaruwa kuma ɗayan yana raguwa. Dogaro da banbancin juriya da ƙafafun, sake rarraba karfin juzu'i a wasu motoci na iya kaiwa kashi 100/0 bisa ɗari (ma'ana, ana jujjuya ƙarfin juyawa zuwa ƙafafu ɗaya kawai, kuma na biyun yana juyawa da 'yanci);
7. An tsara bambancin al'ada don saukar da bambanci a saurin juyawa tsakanin ƙafafun biyu. Amma wannan fasalin shima rashin ingancin aikin ne. Misali, lokacin da motar ta shiga cikin laka, direban yana kokarin fita daga sashi mai wahala na hanya ta hanyar saurin juyawar ƙafafun. Amma saboda aikin banbancin, karfin juyi yana bin hanyar mafi ƙarancin juriya. A saboda wannan dalili, ƙafafun ya kasance ba motsi a kan bargawar hanyar, kuma ƙafafun da aka dakatar yana juyawa a iyakar gudu. Don kawar da wannan tasirin, kawai kuna buƙatar kulle bambanci (wannan aikin an bayyana shi dalla-dalla a cikin wani bita). Ba tare da makullin kullewa ba, motar tana tsayawa yayin da a ƙalla ɗaya ƙafa ya fara zamewa.

Bari muyi cikakken duba yadda bambancin Torsen ke aiki a cikin halaye daban daban na tuki daban-daban.

Tare da motsi madaidaiciya

Kamar yadda muka riga muka lura a sama, lokacin da motar ke tafiya tare da madaidaiciyar sashi na hanya, ana karɓar rabin ƙarfin juzu'i a kan kowane shagon axle. Saboda wannan dalili, ƙafafun motsa suna juyawa a daidai wannan saurin. A wannan yanayin, inji yana yin kama da daskararrun ƙafafun tuki guda biyu.

Satellites suna hutawa - kawai suna juyawa tare da injin inji. Ba tare da la'akari da nau'in banbanci ba (kullewa ko kyauta), a cikin irin wannan yanayin tuki, inji zai yi daidai, tunda ƙafafun duka suna kan abu ɗaya kuma suna fuskantar juriya iri ɗaya.

Lokacin juyawa

Afafun motar zagaye na kusa-kusa tana yin kaɗan motsi yayin lanƙwasawa fiye da wacce ke bayan lanƙwasa. A wannan yanayin, aikin bambancin yana bayyana. Wannan shine yanayin daidaitaccen yanayin da ake haifar da wasu abubuwa don ramawa ga bambancin juyin juya halin motar tuki.

Lokacin da motar ta sami kanta a cikin irin wannan yanayi (kuma wannan yakan faru sau da yawa, tunda irin wannan jigilar ba ta tafiya tare da hanyar da aka riga aka shimfiɗa, kamar jirgin ƙasa), tauraron dan adam ya fara juyawa kansa. A wannan yanayin, haɗin haɗi tare da jikin injiniya da giya na sandunan axle ba a rasa ba.

Tunda ƙafafun ba sa rasa juzu'i (gogayya tana faruwa tsakanin tayoyi da hanya daidai), karfin juyi yana ci gaba da gudana zuwa na'urar daidai gwargwado na kashi 50 zuwa 50. Wannan ƙirar ta musamman ce a cikin saurin juyawar ƙafafun, ƙafafun, wanda ke jujjuyawa da sauri, yana buƙatar ƙarin ƙarfi idan aka kwatanta da na biyu, wanda ke aiki a ƙananan gudu.

Godiya ga wannan daidaitaccen aikin na'urar, an kawar da juriya da ake amfani da shi akan keken juyawa. A cikin samfuran tare da haɗuwa mai ƙarfi na igiyar tuki, ba za a iya kawar da wannan tasirin ba.

Lokacin zamewa

Ingancin bambancin kyauta yana raguwa yayin da ɗaya daga cikin ƙafafun motar ya fara zamewa. Wannan na faruwa, misali, lokacin da abin hawa ya fado kan wata hanyar datti mai laka ko kuma hanyar hanya mai kankara mai sanyi. Tun da hanyar ta daina tsayayya da juyawar silin-axle, ana ɗaukar wuta zuwa ƙafafun kyauta. A dabi'a, juyawa a cikin irin wannan yanayin shi ma ya ɓace (ƙafa ɗaya, wacce ke kan shimfida, tana tsaye).

Idan an shigar da bambance-bambance masu kyauta kyauta a cikin injin, to Newton / mita a cikin wannan yanayin ana rarraba su ne kawai a cikin daidaito daidai. Sabili da haka, idan ƙwanƙwasawa ta ɓace a kan ƙafafun ɗaya (juyawa ta kyauta ta fara), na biyu yana ɓatar da shi ta atomatik. Theafafun sun daina makalewa a kan hanya kuma motar tana raguwa. A yayin tsayawa a kan kankara ko cikin laka, abin hawan ba zai iya motsawa daga inda yake ba, tun da ƙafafun nan da nan suka faɗi cikin zamewa yayin farawa (dangane da yanayin hanyar).

Wannan shine ainihin maɓallin fa'ida na bambancin kyauta. Lokacin da juzu'i ya ɓace, duk ƙarfin injin konewa na ciki yana zuwa keken da aka dakatar, kuma kawai ya juya bashi da amfani. Tsarin Thorsen ya kawar da wannan tasirin ta kullewa lokacin da aka rasa juzu'i a kan keken tare da karko mai karko.

Na'ura da manyan abubuwa

Tsarin gyara Torsen ya ƙunshi:

• Shell ko kofuna... Wannan sinadarin yana karɓar Newton / mita daga ƙarshen mashin ɗin ƙarshe (kayan da aka kora a cikin kofi). Akwai sandar sulke biyu a cikin jiki, wanda aka haɗa tauraron dan adam ɗin a ciki;
• Gasar motsa jiki (wanda kuma ake kira gear)... Kowane ɗayansu an tsara shi don rabin-dabbar-dabbar ta kekensa, kuma yana watsa juyawa ta hanyar layin da ke kan su da maɗallan / raƙuman axles;
• Tauraron dan adam na dama da hagu... A gefe guda, an haɗa su zuwa gaɓoɓin rabin-axial, kuma a ɗayan, zuwa jikin inji. Maƙerin ya yanke shawarar sanya tauraron dan adam 4 a cikin bambance-bambancen Thorsen;
• Fitattun shafuka

Bambance-bambancen Thorsen na kulle-kullen shine mafi girman nau'in injin da ke ba da damar sake rarraba juzu'i tsakanin ramuka, amma a lokaci guda yana hana juyawa mara amfani na dabaran da aka dakatar. Ana amfani da irin waɗannan gyare-gyaren a cikin motar Quattro daga Audi, da kuma samfura daga sanannun masu kera motoci.

Nau'in bambanci kulle kai Thorsen

Masu zane-zane masu haɓaka gyare-gyare ga bambance-bambancen Thorsen sun bambanta nau'ikan waɗannan hanyoyin guda uku. Sun bambanta da juna a cikin ƙirar su, kuma ana nufin amfani dasu a cikin takamaiman tsarin abin hawa.

Ana yiwa dukkan samfuran na'urar alama tare da T. Dogaro da nau'in, bambancin zai sami shimfidarsa da fasalin ɓangarorin zartarwa. Wannan, bi da bi, yana shafar ingancin inji. Idan an sanya shi a cikin taron ba daidai ba, sassa za su kasa kasa da sauri. Saboda wannan dalili, kowane rukuni ko tsari ya dogara da banbancin kansa.

Wannan shine abin da kowane nau'in Torsen ya bambanta shine:

• T1... Ana amfani dashi azaman banbancin igiyar giciye, amma ana iya shigar dashi don sake rarraba lokacin tsakanin axles. Yana da ƙaramin mataki na toshewa kuma ya saita daga baya fiye da gyara na gaba;
• T2... An girka tsakanin ƙafafun tuƙin, haka kuma a cikin yanayin canzawa idan motar tana sanye take da ƙafafu huɗu. Idan aka kwatanta da fasalin da ya gabata, toshewar inji yana ɗan faruwa a baya. Irin wannan na'urar ana amfani da ita galibi akan irin motocin farar hula. Hakanan akwai gyara na T2R a cikin wannan rukunin. Sassan wannan inji suna da ƙarfin jimrewa da ƙarfi. Saboda wannan dalili, ana shigar dashi ne kawai akan motoci masu ƙarfi.
• T3... Idan aka kwatanta da na baya, wannan nau'in naurar tana da ƙarami. Tsarin ƙira yana ba ka damar canza yanayin ratioaukar wutar tsakanin nodes. Saboda wannan dalili, ana shigar da wannan samfurin a cikin akwatin canja wuri tsakanin axles. A cikin duk-motar da ke dauke da Torsen daban-daban, rarraba karfin juyi tare da igiyoyin zai bambanta dangane da yanayin hanyar.

Kowane nau'in inji ana kiransa tsara. Yi la'akari da siffofin zane na kowane ɗayansu.

Tsararraki na Torsen Bambanci

An tattauna ka'idar aiki da na'urar ƙarni na farko (T1) a baya. A cikin zane, tauraron dan adam da giya da ke da alaƙa da sandunan axle suna wakiltar giya na tsutsa. Satellites suna haɗuwa tare da giya ta amfani da hakoran hakora, kuma ginshiƙan su suna da alaƙa da kowane ƙirar axle. Satellites suna aiki tare da juna ta madaidaiciyar hakora.

Wannan tsarin yana bawa ƙafafun motsawa juyawa cikin saurin kansu, wanda ke kawar da ja yayin kusurwa. A lokacin da ɗaya daga cikin ƙafafun ya fara zamewa, ana ɗaura tsutsa biyu, kuma injin ɗin yana ƙoƙarin canja wurin ƙarin juzu'i zuwa ɗayan dabaran. Wannan gyare-gyare shine mafi ƙarfi, sabili da haka ana yawan amfani dashi a cikin motoci na musamman. Yana da damar watsa babban karfin juzu'i kuma yana da babban ƙarfin gogayya.

Zamani na biyu na Thorsen bambance-bambancen (T2) ya bambanta da canjin da ya gabata a cikin tsarin tauraron dan adam. Axungiyar su ba a tsaye take ba, amma tare da jimloli. Musamman sanarwa (aljihu) ana yi a jikin injin ɗin. An sanye su da tauraron dan adam. Lokacin da aka buɗe injin ɗin, ana kunna tauraron dan adam da ke haɗe da haƙoran hakora. Wannan gyare-gyaren yana da alamun ƙananan ƙarfin gogayya, kuma toshewar inji yana faruwa a baya. Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, wannan ƙarni yana da sigar da ta fi ƙarfi, wanda ake amfani da shi a kan ababen hawa tare da injin aiki mai ƙarfi.

A tsari, wannan gyare-gyare ya bambanta da daidaitaccen analog a cikin nau'in haɗin gwiwa. Tsarin injina yana da haɗuwa mai jujjuyawa, a bayansa akwai haƙoran hakora masu juyi. Wannan kamawa yayi shigar kayan rana. Dangane da yanayin hanya, wannan tsarin yana da maɓallin canjin canjin ƙarfin tashin hankali tsakanin abubuwan da ke shiga.

Amma tsara ta uku (T3), wannan tsarin yana da tsarin duniya. An shigar da kayan mashin ɗin a layi ɗaya da tauraron dan adam (suna da hakoran hakora). Yankin rabin-gele suna da tsari na hakora.

A cikin samfuran su, kowane mai ƙera ƙira yana amfani da waɗannan tsarukan zamanin a hanyar su. Da farko dai, ya danganta da irin halaye da yakamata motar ta kasance, misali, ko tana buƙatar fulogi-duk-dabaran ko rarraba karfin juzu'i daban ga kowace ƙafa. Saboda wannan dalili, kafin siyan abin hawa, ya zama dole a fayyace wane gyara na banbancin abin da mai kera motoci ke amfani da shi a wannan yanayin, da kuma yadda za a iya aiki da shi.

Kulle banbanci Thorsen

Yawancin lokaci tsarin makullin kai yana aiki kamar daidaitaccen bambanci - yana kawar da bambanci a cikin rpm na ƙafafun da aka kora. An katange na'urar kawai a cikin yanayin gaggawa. Misalin irin waɗannan yanayi shine zamewar ɗayansu a saman ƙasa (kankara ko laka). Hakanan ya shafi toshe hanyar aiki tare. Wannan fasalin yana bawa direba damar fita daga sassan hanyoyi masu wahala ba tare da taimako ba.

Lokacin da toshewa ta auku, karfin juzu'i (dabaran da aka dakatar yana jujjuyawa mara amfani) za'a sake rarraba shi zuwa ƙafafun da ke da mafi kyawun riko (wannan ƙaddarar ta ƙaddara ta hanyar juriya ga juyawar wannan ƙafafun). Haka tsari yana faruwa tare da toshewar tsakanin-axle. Jigon da aka dakatar yana samun ƙasa da Newton / mita, kuma wanda ke da mafi kyawun riko ya fara aiki.

Waɗanne motoci ne bambancin Thorsen akan

Gyara da aka yi la'akari da hanyoyin kulle kansa yana amfani da ƙwaƙƙwarar sanannun masana'antun mota. Wannan jerin sun hada da:

• Honda;
• Toyota
• Subaru
• AUDI;
• Alfa Romeo;
• General Motors (a kusan duk samfuran Hummer).

Kuma wannan ba duka jerin bane. Mafi sau da yawa, ana amfani da motar motsa jiki duka tare da banbanci mai kulle kai. Wajibi ne a bincika tare da mai siyarwa game da kasancewarsa, saboda watsawar da ke watsa karfin juyi zuwa ga igiyoyin igiyar ba koyaushe aka tanada ta wannan hanyar ta tsoho ba. Misali, maimakon wannan na’urar, za a iya shigar da gogewar farantin karfe da yawa ko viscous clutch.

Hakanan, ana iya sanya wannan inji akan motar da ke da halaye na wasanni, koda kuwa samfurin gaba ne ko na baya. Ba a san madaidaicin motar tuka keɓaɓɓe ta gaba tare da maɓalli na banbanci ba, saboda irin wannan motar za ta buƙaci wasu ƙwarewar wasan motsa jiki.

Abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani

Don haka, nau'ikan nau'ikan Thorsen an tsara shi don taimakawa direba shawo kan sassan hanyoyi masu wahala ba tare da taimakon kowa ba. Baya ga wannan fa'idar, na'urar tana da ƙarin fa'idodi da yawa:

• Koyaushe yana aiki tare da iyakar daidaito a cikin gaggawa;
• Yana bayar da aiki mai sauƙi na watsawa a saman hanyoyin da ba su da ƙarfi;
• A yayin aiwatar da aiki, baya fitar da hayaniya, saboda jin daɗin yayin tafiyar zai sha wahala (idan dai tsarin na cikin tsari mai kyau);
• Designirƙirar na'urar ta 'yantar da direba kwata-kwata daga buƙatar sarrafa aikin sake rarraba ƙwanƙwasa tsakanin mashi ko ƙafafun mutum. Kodayake akwai wasu hanyoyin watsa shirye-shirye masu yawa a cikin tsarin abin hawa, toshewar kanta tana faruwa kai tsaye;
• Aikin sake rarraba karfin juyi baya shafar ingancin tsarin taka birki;
• Idan direba yayi aiki da abin hawa daidai da shawarwarin masana'antun, hanyar banbanci baya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman. Banda shine buƙatar saka idanu akan matakin mai a cikin crankcase na watsawa, da kuma buƙatar canjin mai (wanda kera abin hawa ya nuna maye gurbinsa);
• Lokacin da aka sanya a kan mota tare da motar-gaba-gaba, aikin zai sa a sauƙaƙa fara abin hawa (babban abu shine a guji lalacewar ƙafafun tuki), kuma hakan yana sa saurin abin da direban ya yi ya zama mafi haske.

Duk da cewa wannan tsarin yana da bangarori masu kyau da yawa, amma ba tare da cutarwa ba. Tsakanin su:

• Babban farashin na'urar. Dalilin haka shi ne rikitarwa na samarwa da haɗuwa da tsarin;
• Saboda gaskiyar cewa ƙarin ana unitan naúra ya bayyana a cikin watsawa, wanda a cikin sa aka sami ƙaramin juriya (gogayya tsakanin giya), inji da aka tanada da irin wannan aikin zai buƙaci ƙarin mai. A karkashin wasu sharuda, motar zata kasance mai rauni sosai idan aka kwatanta da analog, wanda yana da dutsen ɗaya kawai;
• Efficiencyananan inganci;
• Akwai babban yiwuwar haɗuwa da sassan, tunda akwai adadi mai yawa na kayan haɗin kaya a cikin na'urarta (wannan yakan faru ne saboda ƙarancin samfur ko saboda rashin kulawa da lokaci);
• Yayin aiki, inji yana zafi sosai, sabili da haka, ana amfani da man shafawa na musamman don watsawa, wanda baya lalacewa a yanayin babban yanayin zafi;
• Abubuwan haɗin da aka ɗora suna ƙarƙashin tsananin lalacewa (ya dogara da yawan aiki na kulle da kuma yanayin tuki da direba ya yi amfani da shi yayin cin nasara kan hanya);
• Yin aiki da mota a ɗaya daga cikin ƙafafun, wanda ya bambanta da sauran, ba shi da kyau, tunda wannan bambancin yana ɗaukar inji, wanda ke haifar da saurin lalacewar wasu ɓangarorinta.

Zamani na abin hawa na gaba - ya cancanci kulawa ta musamman (an maye gurbin banbancin kyauta da toshe kai). Duk da cewa motar ta zama mai saurin tashin hankali yayin tafiya, a daidai lokacin saurin hanzari, motar tana kula da farfajiyar hanyar. A wannan lokacin, motar ta zama "mai firgita", an ja ta zuwa saman mara laushi, kuma direban yana buƙatar ƙarin natsuwa da ƙarin tuƙin aiki. Idan aka kwatanta da kayan masarufi, wannan gyaran ba shi da sauƙi a kan dogon tafiya.

Idan ya zo ga gaggawa, irin wannan motar ba ta da biyayya kuma ba ta da tabbas kamar ta masana'antar. Wadanda suka yanke shawara kan irin wannan zamani sun gamsu daga kwarewar su cewa wadannan canje-canjen suna ba da damar amfani da dabarun tuki na wasanni. Amma idan basu nan, to bai kamata ku sanya motar cikin irin waɗannan cigaban ba. Tasirinsu zai kasance da amfani ne kawai a cikin yanayin wasanni ko kan titunan ƙasar masu laka.

Bugu da kari, mai motar, baya ga sanya wata hanyar kulle kanta, dole ne ya daidaita sauran matakan mota don jin kaifin tukin. In ba haka ba, motar za ta yi kamar SUV, wanda ba lallai ba ne a cikin yanayin da aka fi amfani da wannan jigilar.

A ƙarshen bita, muna ba da ƙarin bidiyo game da aikin bambancin kulle kansa na Thorsen da tarihin halittarsa:

Duk gaskiyar game da bambancin TORSEN !! Kuma shima TARIHIN SU !! ("Zagin Kai", jerin 4)

Tambayoyi & Amsa:

Ta yaya bambancin Torsen ke aiki? Na'urar tana jin lokacin da ɗayan ƙafafun ya ɓace, saboda bambance-bambance a cikin juzu'i, gears na bambance-bambancen shiga, kuma dabaran ɗaya ta zama babba.

Ta yaya bambancin Torsen ya bambanta da na al'ada? Bambanci na al'ada yana ba da ko da rarraba juzu'i zuwa ƙafafun biyu. Lokacin da ƙafa ɗaya ta zame, turawa ta ɓace akan na biyu. Torsen, lokacin zamewa, yana jujjuya juzu'i zuwa ramin gatari da aka ɗora.

Ina ake amfani da Torsen? Bambance-bambancen kulle-kulle kai-tsaye, da kuma tsarin tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsakin da ke haɗa axle na biyu. Irin wannan bambancin ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin motocin tuƙi.