Kafaffen joometry vs m injin turbocharger - menene bambanci?
Sau da yawa idan ana kwatanta injuna, ana amfani da kalmar "maɓalli turbocharger geometry". Yaya ya bambanta da na akai-akai kuma menene amfaninsa da rashin amfaninsa?
Turbocharger wata na'ura ce da aka yi amfani da ita sosai a cikin injunan diesel tun cikin shekarun 80s, tana ƙaruwa da ƙarfi da ƙarfi kuma tana da tasiri mai tasiri akan yawan mai. Godiya ga turbocharger da aka daina ganin dizels a matsayin na'ura mai datti. A cikin injunan fetur, sun fara aiki iri ɗaya kuma suna fitowa akai-akai a cikin 90s, bayan lokaci sun sami farin jini, kuma bayan 2010 sun zama ruwan dare a cikin injiniyoyin man fetur kamar yadda suke a cikin 80s da 90s. a diesel.
Yaya turbocharger ke aiki?
Turbocharger ya ƙunshi injin turbine da compressor wanda aka ɗora a kan shinge na kowa kuma a cikin gidaje ɗaya ya kasu kashi biyu kusan bangarori biyu. Na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa mai fitar da iskar gas na fitar da iskar gas daga mashigin shaye-shaye, da kwampreso, wanda ke jujjuyawa a kan rotor guda daya tare da turbine kuma ana tafiyar da shi, yana haifar da karfin iska, abin da ake kira. cikawa. Daga nan sai ta shiga dakunan shan da kuma konewa. Mafi girman matsin iskar gas (mafi girman saurin injin), mafi girman matsa lamba.
Babban matsala tare da turbochargers ya ta'allaka ne a cikin wannan gaskiyar, saboda ba tare da saurin iskar gas mai dacewa ba, ba za a sami matsa lamba mai dacewa don matsawa iska mai shiga cikin injin ba. Supercharging yana buƙatar takamaiman adadin iskar gas daga injin a wani ƙayyadaddun gudu - ba tare da ingantaccen nauyin fitar da kaya ba, babu ingantaccen haɓakawa, don haka manyan injunan caja a ƙananan rpm suna da rauni sosai.
Don rage girman wannan abin da ba a so, ya kamata a yi amfani da turbocharger tare da ma'auni daidai na injin da aka ba. Ƙananan (ƙananan rotor diamita) "yana juyawa" da sauri saboda yana haifar da ƙananan ja (ƙananan inertia), amma yana ba da iska ƙasa, sabili da haka ba zai haifar da haɓaka mai yawa ba, watau. iko. Girman injin turbin, mafi inganci shine, amma yana buƙatar ƙarin nauyin iskar gas da ƙarin lokaci don "juyawa". Ana kiran wannan lokacin turbo lag ko lag. Saboda haka, yana da ma'ana don amfani da ƙaramin turbocharger don ƙaramin injin (har zuwa lita 2) da babba don babban injin. Duk da haka, mafi girma har yanzu suna da matsala mai lalacewa, don haka Manyan injuna yawanci suna amfani da tsarin bi-turbo da tagwayen turbo.
Gasoline tare da allura kai tsaye - me yasa turbo?
Jumla mai canzawa - maganin matsalar turbo lag
Hanyar da ta fi dacewa don rage turbo lag shine amfani da turbine mai canzawa. Vanes masu motsi, da ake kira vanes, suna canza matsayinsu (kusurwar karkarwa) kuma ta haka ne suke ba da siffa mai ma'ana ga kwararar iskar gas da ke faɗowa kan ruwan injin turbin da ba ya canzawa. Dangane da matsa lamba na iskar gas, ana saita ruwan wukake a mafi girma ko ƙarami, wanda ke hanzarta jujjuyawar na'ura ko da a ƙananan iskar iskar gas, kuma a mafi girman matsin iskar gas, turbocharger yana aiki azaman na al'ada ba tare da canzawa ba. ilimin lissafi. Ana ɗora rudders ɗin tare da injin huhu ko na lantarki. An fara amfani da nau'ikan geometry mai canzawa kusan a cikin injunan diesel., amma a yanzu kuma ana ƙara amfani da shi da mai.
Tasirin geometry mai canzawa ya fi m hanzari daga ƙananan revs da rashin wani lokacin sananne na "kunna turbo". A matsayinka na mai mulki, injunan dizal tare da madaidaicin juzu'i na injin turbine suna hanzarta zuwa kusan 2000 rpm da sauri. Idan turbo yana da ma'auni mai ma'ana, za su iya hanzarta sauri kuma a fili daga kimanin 1700-1800 rpm.
Matsakaicin lissafi na turbocharger da alama yana da wasu ƙari, amma wannan ba koyaushe bane. Sama da duka rayuwar sabis na irin waɗannan turbines ya ragu. Adadin carbon da ke kan sitiyarin na iya toshe su ta yadda injin da ke sama ko ƙasa bai sami ƙarfinsa ba. Mafi muni, madaidaicin injin turbochargers sun fi wahalar haɓakawa, wanda ya fi tsada. Wani lokaci cikakkiyar farfadowa ba zai yiwu ba.
