Yaya tsawon lokacin ɗaukar cajin baturin motar tare da caja

A al'adar masu ababen hawa, ana amfani da hanyoyi guda biyu na cajin baturin ajiya (AKB) - tare da cajin caji akai-akai kuma tare da wutar lantarki akai-akai. Kowace hanyar da ake amfani da ita tana da nata aibi da fa'ida, kuma ana ƙayyade lokacin cajin baturi ta hanyar haɗakar abubuwa. Kafin ka fara cajin sabon baturi da ka siya ko wanda aka cire daga abin hawanka lokacin da aka cire shi, dole ne a shirya shi a hankali don caji.

Ana shirya baturin don yin caji

Dole ne a cika sabon baturi zuwa matakin da ake buƙata tare da electrolyte na ƙayyadaddun tsari. Lokacin da aka cire baturi daga abin hawa, ya zama dole a tsaftace tashoshi mai oxidized daga datti. Al'amarin baturi mara kulawa yakamata a goge shi da kyalle da aka jika da maganin soda ash (mafi kyau) ko soda burodi, ko diluted ammonia.

Idan batir yana aiki (bankunan baturi suna sanye take da matosai don cikawa da toshe electrolyte), to wajibi ne a tsaftace murfin saman (tare da matosai da aka dunƙule a ciki) dalla-dalla, don kada dattin bazata shiga cikin electrolyte. lokacin kwance matosai. Wannan tabbas zai haifar da gazawar baturi. Bayan tsaftacewa, zaku iya kwance matosai kuma ku auna matakin da yawa na electrolyte.

Idan ya cancanta, ƙara electrolyte ko distilled ruwa zuwa matakin da ake buƙata. Zaɓin tsakanin ƙara electrolyte ko ruwa ya dogara ne akan ƙimar da aka auna na electrolyte a cikin baturi. Bayan ƙara ruwa, ya kamata a bar matosai a buɗe domin baturin ya "numfashi" yayin caji kuma kada ya fashe da iskar gas da aka saki yayin caji. Hakanan, ta ramukan filler, za ku duba lokaci-lokaci zazzabi na electrolyte don guje wa zafi da tafasa.

Na gaba, haɗa caja (caja) zuwa lambobin sadarwa na baturi, lura da polarity ("plus" da "raguwa"). A wannan yanayin, da farko, "crocodiles" na wayoyi na caja suna haɗa su zuwa tashar baturin, sa'an nan kuma an haɗa igiyar wutar lantarki zuwa na'urar, kuma bayan haka sai a kunna caja. Ana yin haka ne don ware kunnan cakuda oxygen-hydrogen da aka saki daga baturin ko kuma fashewar sa lokacin da ke kunna wuta a lokacin haɗa "crocodiles".

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Don wannan dalili, tsarin cire haɗin baturin yana juyawa: na farko, caja yana kashe, kuma kawai sai an cire haɗin "crocodiles". Haɗin oxygen-hydrogen yana samuwa ne sakamakon haɗa hydrogen da aka saki yayin aikin baturi tare da iskar oxygen na yanayi.

Cajin baturi tare da m halin yanzu

A wannan yanayin, ana fahimtar halin yanzu akai-akai azaman madaidaicin cajin halin yanzu. Wannan hanya ita ce mafi yawan amfani da su biyu. Zazzabi na electrolyte a cikin baturin da aka shirya don yin caji bai kamata ya kai 35 ° C ba. An saita cajin sabon baturi ko fitarwa a cikin amperes daidai da 10% na ƙarfinsa a cikin ampere-hours (misali: tare da damar 60 Ah, an saita halin yanzu na 6 A). Wannan halin yanzu ko dai caja za ta kiyaye shi ta atomatik, ko kuma dole ne a daidaita shi ta hanyar maɓalli a kan panel ɗin caja ko ta rheostat.

Lokacin caji, ya kamata a lura da ƙarfin lantarki a wuraren da ake fitarwa na baturin, zai ƙaru yayin caji, kuma idan ya kai darajar 2,4 V ga kowane banki (watau 14,4 V ga dukan baturi), a rage cajin halin yanzu rabi. don sabon baturi da sau biyu ko sau uku na wanda aka yi amfani da shi. Tare da wannan halin yanzu, ana cajin baturin har sai iskar gas mai yawa a duk bankunan baturi. Cajin mataki-biyu yana ba ka damar hanzarta cajin baturi da rage ƙarfin sakin gas wanda ke lalata farantin baturi.

Idan baturin ya ɗan saki kaɗan, yana yiwuwa a yi cajin shi a yanayin mataki ɗaya tare da halin yanzu daidai da 10% na ƙarfin baturi. Juyin halittar iskar gas kuma alama ce ta kammala caji. Akwai ƙarin alamun cewa cajin ya cika:

• ƙarancin electrolyte mara canzawa a cikin sa'o'i 3;
• Wutar lantarki a tashoshin baturi ya kai darajar 2,5-2,7 V a kowane sashe (ko 15,0-16,2 V ga baturin gabaɗaya) kuma wannan ƙarfin lantarki ya kasance baya canzawa har tsawon awanni 3.

Don sarrafa tsarin caji, ya zama dole don duba yawa, matakin da zazzabi na electrolyte a cikin bankunan baturi kowane 2-3 hours. Zazzabi bai kamata ya tashi sama da 45 ° C ba. Idan an wuce iyakar zafin jiki, ko dai a daina yin caji na ɗan lokaci sannan a jira zafin wutar lantarki ya faɗi zuwa 30-35 ° C, sannan a ci gaba da caji a halin yanzu, ko rage cajin halin yanzu da sau 2.

Dangane da yanayin sabon baturi mara caji, cajinsa na iya ɗaukar awanni 20-25. Lokacin cajin baturin da ke da lokacin yin aiki ya dogara da girman lalata farantinsa, lokacin aiki da matakin fitarwa, kuma yana iya kaiwa sa'o'i 14-16 ko fiye idan baturin ya zurfafa.

Cajin baturi tare da madaurin wutar lantarki

A cikin yanayin caji akai-akai, ana ba da shawarar yin cajin batura marasa kulawa. Don yin wannan, ƙarfin lantarki a tashoshin fitarwa na baturin kada ya wuce 14,4 V, kuma cajin yana cika lokacin da cajin halin yanzu ya ragu a kasa 0,2 A. Yin cajin baturi a cikin wannan yanayin yana buƙatar caja yayin da yake riƙe da kullun fitarwa na 13,8. - 14,4 V.

A cikin wannan yanayin, cajin halin yanzu ba a daidaita shi ba, amma ana saita caja ta atomatik dangane da matakin fitar da baturi (haka da zazzabi na electrolyte, da sauransu). Tare da ƙarfin caji akai-akai na 13,8-14,4 V, ana iya cajin baturin a kowane yanayi ba tare da haɗarin iskar gas mai yawa da zafi na electrolyte ba. Ko a yanayin baturi da ya fita gaba ɗaya, cajin halin yanzu bai wuce ƙimar ƙarfinsa ba.

A yanayin zafin da ba mara kyau ba, baturin yana cajin har zuwa 50-60% na ƙarfinsa a cikin sa'a ta farko na caji, wani 15-20% a cikin awa na biyu, kuma kawai 6-8% a cikin awa na uku. Gabaɗaya, a cikin awanni 4-5 na caji, ana cajin baturin zuwa 90-95% na cikakken ƙarfinsa, kodayake lokacin caji na iya bambanta. Alamomin kammala cajin shine raguwar cajin da ke ƙasa 0,2 A.

Wannan hanya ba ta ƙyale cajin baturi har zuwa 100% na ƙarfinsa, tun da wannan yana da muhimmanci don ƙara ƙarfin lantarki a tashoshin baturi (kuma, bisa ga haka, ƙarfin fitarwa na caja) zuwa 16,2 A. Wannan hanya tana da fa'idodi masu zuwa:

• baturin yana cajin sauri fiye da cajin yau da kullun;
• Hanyar ya fi sauƙi don aiwatarwa a aikace, tun da babu buƙatar daidaita halin yanzu yayin caji, ƙari, ana iya cajin baturi ba tare da cire shi daga abin hawa ba.

Yaya tsawon lokacin da za a yi cajin baturin mota [tare da kowane caja na Amp]

Lokacin aiki da baturi a kan mota, ana kuma cajin shi a yanayin cajin kullun (wanda injin janareta ke samar da shi). A cikin yanayin "filin", yana yiwuwa a yi cajin baturi "dasa" daga hanyar samar da wata mota ta hanyar yarjejeniya tare da mai shi. A wannan yanayin, nauyin zai zama ƙasa fiye da hanyar "haske" na al'ada. Lokacin da ake buƙata don irin wannan cajin don samun damar farawa da kansa ya dogara da yanayin yanayin yanayi da zurfin fitarwa na batirin nasa.

Mafi yawan lalacewar baturi yana faruwa ne lokacin da aka shigar da baturin da aka cire, tare da ƙarfin ƙasa da 12,55 V. Lokacin da aka fara fara motar da irin wannan baturi. lalacewa ta dindindin da kuma asara mara jurewa iya aiki da karko baturi .

Saboda haka, kafin kowane shigarwa na baturi a kan abin hawa, ya zama dole don duba ƙarfin baturi sannan kawai ci gaba da shigarwa.

AZUMIN CIGABA DA YADDA AKE YINSA LAFIYA

BATIRI LIQUID ELECTROLYTE - KYAUTA MAI KYAU

Ana ci gaba da caji mai sauri lokacin da baturi ke fitarwa lokacin da kuke buƙatar kunna injin motar da sauri. Wannan hanyar cajin lantarki ana siffanta shi ta hanyar yin caji tare da mafi girman halin yanzu da ɗan gajeren lokacin caji fiye da yadda aka saba daga 2 zuwa 4 hours . Yayin wannan nau'in cajin lantarki mai sauri, dole ne a kula da zafin baturin (dole ne ya wuce 50-55 ° C ). Idan ya cancanta, a cikin yanayin "sake caji" na baturin, ya zama dole a rage cajin halin yanzu don kada baturin ya yi zafi kuma don kada wani lalacewa ko fashewar baturin da ba a so na dogon lokaci.

Game da caji mai sauri, cajin halin yanzu bai kamata ya wuce ba 25% daga ƙarfin baturi mai ƙima a Ah (C20).

Misali: Ana cajin baturi 100 Ah tare da halin yanzu na kusan 25 A. Idan ana amfani da caja don cajin lantarki ba tare da cajin ƙa'idar halin yanzu ba, cajin halin yanzu yana iyakance kamar haka:

• BATUREN BAUTA 3 - 5 A               
• BATUREN MOTOCI 15 - 25 A
• BATUTUS GA MANYAN MOTOCI 30 - 50 A

Bayan tsarin caji mai sauri, baturin ba zai cika caji ba. . Madadin abin hawa yana kammala cajin wutar lantarki na baturin yayin tuki. Don haka, ana ba da shawarar a irin waɗannan lokuta don amfani da abin hawa na ɗan lokaci kafin tasha ta farko da ƙaddamarwa.

A cikin irin wannan halin da ake ciki, lokaci guda eclectic cajin na batura da yawa a layi daya ba da shawarar, tun da yake ba shi yiwuwa a hankali rarraba halin yanzu da kuma tasiri da ake bukata don fara mota ba tare da lalata baturi ba za a samu.

A ƙarshen ƙarfin ƙarfin baturin lantarki yawa electrolyte dole ne ya zama iri ɗaya a duk ɗakunan (matsakaicin bambance-bambancen da aka yarda tsakanin matsakaicin matsakaici da mafi ƙarancin ƙima dole ne ya wuce 0,030 kg / l ) kuma a cikin duka ɗakuna shida dole ne ya zama mafi girma ko daidai da 1,260 kg/l a +25°C. Abin da za a iya dubawa kawai tare da batura masu rufewa da buɗe damar shiga electrolyte.

Buɗewar wutar lantarki a cikin volts dole ne ya zama mafi girma ko daidai da 12,6 B. Idan ba haka ba, maimaita cajin lantarki. Idan har yanzu wutar lantarki ba ta da daɗi bayan wannan, maye gurbin baturin, saboda mataccen baturi yana yiwuwa ya lalace har abada kuma ba a yi niyya don ƙarin amfani ba.

BATIRI AGM - KYAUTA mai sauri

Ana ci gaba da caji mai sauri lokacin da baturi ya fita kuma lokacin da kuke buƙatar kunna injin motar da sauri. Ana cajin baturin ta hanyar lantarki tare da babban caji na farko na halin yanzu, wanda ke rage lokacin caji, kuma tare da sarrafa zafin baturi ( Matsakaicin 45-50 ° C ).

Game da caji mai sauri, ana ba da shawarar iyakance cajin halin yanzu zuwa 30% - 50% daga ƙarfin baturi mara kyau a Ah (C20). Don haka, alal misali, don baturi tare da ƙarancin ƙima na 70 Ah, cajin farko dole ne ya kasance a ciki. 20-35 A.

A takaice, shawarwarin zaɓuɓɓukan caji mai sauri sune:

• Wutar lantarki: 14,40 - 14,80 V
• Matsakaicin iya aiki na yanzu 0,3 zuwa 0,5 a cikin Ah (C20)
• Lokacin caji: 2 - 4 hours

Ba a ba da shawarar lokaci guda da cajin batura da yawa a layi daya saboda rashin iya rarraba halin yanzu cikin hankali.

Bayan tsarin caji mai sauri, baturin ba zai cika caji ba. . Madadin abin hawa yana kammala cajin wutar lantarki na baturin yayin tuki. Don haka, kamar yadda yake da jikakken batura, bayan shigar da baturi mai sauri, dole ne ka yi amfani da abin hawa na wani ɗan lokaci. A ƙarshen aikin caji, baturi ya kamata ya isa daidaitaccen ƙarfin lantarki. Idan hakan bai faru ba, maye gurbin baturi koda kuwa zai iya kunna injin motar.

Rashin iya cimma wannan sifa (ma'ana cewa baturi koyaushe yana ci gaba da caji tare da halin yanzu), haɗe tare da babban zafin jiki na ciki, yana nuna ci da hawaye , i.e. game da farkon sulfation, da asarar asali kayan baturi . Saboda haka, ana ba da shawarar maye gurbin baturin ko da har yanzu yana iya fara injin motar.

Yin caji mai sauri, kamar kowane cajin baturi, hanya ce mai mahimmanci kuma ɗan haɗari. Duka daga girgizar lantarki da kuma daga fashewa idan ba'a sarrafa zafin baturin ba. Don haka, muna kuma ba ku umarnin aminci don amfani.

HUKUNCIN TSIRA

Batura sun ƙunshi sulfuric acid (lalata) da fitarwa iskar gas mai fashewa musamman a lokacin cajin lantarki. Bin ka'idodin da aka tsara yana rage cikakken haɗarin rauni. Amfani da kayan kariya na sirri da kayan aiki ya zama dole - safar hannu, tabarau, tufafi masu dacewa, garkuwar fuska .

Kada a taɓa sanya da/ko barin abubuwa masu ƙarfe akan baturin yayin caji. Idan abubuwa na ƙarfe sun haɗu da tashoshin baturi, zai iya haifar da ɗan gajeren kewayawa, wanda zai iya haifar da fashewar baturi.

Lokacin shigar da baturi a cikin abin hawa, koyaushe Haɗa madaidaicin sandar (+) farko. Lokacin rarraba baturi, koyaushe cire haɗin sandar mara kyau (-) farko.

Koyaushe kiyaye baturin daga buɗe wuta, kunna sigari da tartsatsi.

Shafa baturin da danshi rigar antistatic ( a cikin wani hali woolen kuma a cikin wani akwati bushe ) 'yan sa'o'i kadan bayan cajin wutar lantarki, ta yadda iskar da ake fitarwa su sami lokacin da za su bace gaba daya a cikin iska.

Kar a jingina kan baturi mai gudana ko lokacin shigarwa da rarrabuwa.

A yayin da sulfuric acid ya zube, a koyaushe amfani da abin sha.