Tsarin kwanciyar hankali na musayar musayar - menene a cikin mota
Tun daga 2010, a Isra'ila, Amurka da EU, ya zama wajibi don samar da motocin da aka sayar da tsarin kula da kwanciyar hankali. Ana kiransa ɗaya daga cikin tsarin tsaro na taimako, tun da yake yana taimakawa wajen hana tsalle-tsalle saboda gaskiyar cewa shirye-shiryen kwamfuta suna sarrafa lokacin juyawa na dabaran.
Duk wani direba daga lokacin karatu a makarantar tuƙi ya san cewa kusan ba zai yuwu a shiga cikin jujjuya cikin sauri ba. Idan ka yanke shawarar irin wannan motsi, motar za ta yi tsalle-tsalle, tare da duk sakamakon da ke fitowa: tuki a cikin hanya mai zuwa, rollover, tuki a cikin rami, karo tare da cikas a cikin nau'i na alamun hanya, wasu motoci ko shinge.
Babban haɗarin da ke jiran direba a kowane juyi shine ƙarfin centrifugal. An nufa a cikin kishiyar shugabanci daga juyawa. Wato, idan kuna so ku juya dama a cikin sauri, to, tare da babban matakin yiwuwar za'a iya jayayya cewa motar zata matsa zuwa hagu na yanayin da aka yi niyya. Don haka, mai novice mota dole ne ya koyi yin la'akari da girma na mota da kuma zabar mafi kyau duka juyi yanayin.
An ƙirƙira tsarin kwanciyar hankali na canjin kuɗi ne kawai don sarrafa motsin injin a cikin irin waɗannan yanayi masu haɗari. Godiya gare ta, motar tana a fili a cikin yanayin da ya fi dacewa don yanayin da aka ba.
Na'urar da ka'idar aiki na tsarin kwanciyar hankali na musayar musayar
Wannan tsarin, wanda kuma ake kira tsarin daidaitawa mai ƙarfi, shine tsarin aminci mafi inganci a yau. Idan duk motocin ba tare da togiya ba suna sanye da shi, to ana iya rage yawan haɗarin da ke kan hanyoyin da kashi uku.
Abubuwan ci gaba na farko sun bayyana a ƙarshen 1980s, kuma tun daga 1995, an shigar da tsarin ESP (Electronic Stability Program) akan yawancin motocin samarwa a Turai da Amurka.
ESP ya ƙunshi:
- Na'urar haska bayanai;
- sashin sarrafawa;
- actuating na'urar - na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa naúrar.
Na'urori masu auna firikwensin shigarwa suna sarrafa sigogi daban-daban: kusurwar tutiya, matsin birki, saurin tsayi da na gefe, saurin abin hawa, saurin dabaran.
Ƙungiyar sarrafawa tana nazarin duk waɗannan sigogi. Software yana iya yanke shawara a zahiri a cikin millise seconds 20 (miliisin 1 shine kashi dubu na daƙiƙa). Kuma idan wani yanayi mai hatsarin gaske ya taso, toshe yana aika umarni ga mai kunnawa, wanda ke da ikon:
- rage gudu ɗaya ko duka ƙafafun ta hanyar ƙara matsa lamba a cikin tsarin birki;
- canza karfin injin injin;
- shafi kusurwar juyawa na ƙafafun;
- canza matakin damping na shock absorbers.
Baya ga duk abubuwan da ke sama, ESP na iya yin hulɗa tare da sauran tsarin tsaro masu aiki:
- anti-kulle birki;
- kulle bambanci;
- rarraba sojojin birki;
- anti-zamewa.
Mafi yawan al'amuran da tsarin daidaita kuɗin musayar ya zo cikin aiki. Idan tsarin ya lura cewa sigogin motsi sun bambanta da waɗanda aka lissafta, an yanke shawarar bisa yanayin. Misali, direban, wanda ya dace da jujjuyawar, bai juyar da sitiyarin yadda ya kamata ba, bai rage gudu ba ko kuma bai canza zuwa kayan da ake so ba. A wannan yanayin, ƙafafun na baya za a birki su kuma za a sami canji a lokaci guda.
Idan direba, akasin haka, ya juya sitiyarin da yawa, motar gaban da ke waje za ta ragu (lokacin da aka juya dama - hagu na gaba) da haɓaka lokaci guda a lokacin ƙarfi - saboda haɓakar wutar lantarki. , zai yiwu a daidaita motar kuma a cece ta daga tsalle-tsalle.
Ya kamata a lura cewa ƙwararrun direbobi a wasu lokuta suna kashe ESP lokacin da ya hana su nuna duk ƙwarewarsu, alal misali, suna so su tuƙi tare da hanyar dusar ƙanƙara tare da zamewa. Kasuwanci, kamar yadda suka ce, master's. Bugu da ƙari, lokacin da za ku fita daga skid a kan waƙar dusar ƙanƙara, kuna buƙatar juya sitiyarin zuwa hanyar skid, sa'an nan kuma juya cikin kishiyar kuma ku taka gas. Na'urorin lantarki ba za su bari ka yi haka ba. An yi sa'a, ana iya kashe ESP don waɗannan direbobi masu sauri.
Ba za mu ba da shawarar yin wannan ba, tunda tsarin kula da kwanciyar hankali galibi yana ceton direba da gaske daga yanayin gaggawa.
Bidiyo game da tsarin kula da kwanciyar hankali abin hawa VSC da EPS.
Ana lodawa…
