Hanyar watsawa - gearbox robotic

Akwatin mutum-mutumi shine "majiji" na "makanikanci" da aka gwada lokaci. Babban aikinta shine yantar da direban daga canje-canjen kayan aiki akai-akai. A cikin watsawar hannu, ana yin wannan ta hanyar “robot” - naúrar sarrafa microprocessor na musamman.

Nau'in na'ura na mutum-mutumi an tsara shi a sauƙaƙe: daidaitaccen watsawar hannu ne (akwatin hannu), tsarin kamawa da tsarin motsi, da microprocessor na zamani da na'urori masu auna firikwensin. Mutane da yawa suna tunanin cewa watsawar hannu shine watsawa ta atomatik, duk da haka, bisa ga ka'idar aiki da na'urar gabaɗaya, watsawar robotic ya fi kusa da "makanikanci" fiye da "na atomatik". Ko da yake akwai kama ɗaya mai mahimmanci tare da watsawa ta atomatik - wannan shine kasancewar kama a cikin akwatin kanta, kuma ba a kan tashi ba. Bugu da kari, sabbin nau'ikan motocin da ke da watsawar hannu suna sanye da kamanni biyu lokaci guda.

Babban abubuwan da ke cikin watsawar hannu

An fara sanya akwatunan mutum-mutumi na farko akan motoci a cikin 1990s. A gaskiya ma, irin waɗannan "robots" sun kasance watsa shirye-shiryen hannu na yau da kullum, kawai gears da kama a cikin su an canza su ta hanyar injin lantarki ko lantarki. An sanya irin waɗannan raka'a akan motocin masu kera motoci da yawa kuma sun kasance madadin arha maimakon "inji" mafi tsada. Irin waɗannan "robots" suna da diski guda ɗaya kuma sau da yawa suna aiki tare da jinkirin motsi, saboda abin da motar ta motsa a cikin yanayin "ragged" na motsi, yana da wuyar kammalawa kuma da wuya ya shiga rafi. A cikin masana'antar kera motoci ta zamani, kusan ba a amfani da watsawar faifai guda ɗaya.

A yau, masu kera motoci a duk faɗin duniya suna amfani da ƙarni na biyu na akwatunan gear robot - abin da ake kira DSG gearboxes tare da kama biyu (Direct Shift Gearbox). Takamaiman aikin akwatin robotic na DSG shine cewa yayin da kayan aiki ɗaya ke gudana, na gaba ya riga ya shirya gabaɗaya don canji. Saboda wannan, DSG watsawar hannu yana aiki da sauri, ko da ƙwararren direba ba zai iya canza kayan aiki da sauri akan "makanikanci". A cewar manazarta kasuwar, a nan gaba, fedar clutch don sarrafa abin hawa zai bace, saboda yana da sauƙi kuma mafi dacewa don sarrafa motar ta hanyar ƙoƙarin robot.

Akwatin gear na mutum-mutumi tare da DSG kuma an haɗa shi bisa ka'idar injina, amma an sanye shi da mashinan tuƙi guda biyu (sanduna), ba ɗaya ba. Bugu da ƙari, waɗannan shafts ɗaya ne a ɗayan. Sanda na waje ba ta da kyau, an saka mashigin farko a ciki. A kowane daga cikinsu akwai gears na tuki daban-daban:

• a waje - gears don tuki na 2nd, 4th da 6th gears;
• a ciki - gears don tuƙi na 1st, 3rd, 5th and reverse gears.

Kowane shaft na DSG "robot" sanye take da nasa kama. Domin kunna / musaki kama, da kuma motsa na'urorin aiki tare a cikin akwatin, ana amfani da masu kunnawa - tsarin kamawa da tsarin motsi. A tsari, mai kunnawa motar lantarki ce tare da akwatin gear. Wasu nau'ikan motocin suna sanye da na'ura mai ɗaukar hoto a cikin nau'in silinda mai ƙarfi.

Babban kumburin watsawar hannu tare da DSG shine naúrar sarrafa microprocessor. Ana haɗa na'urori masu auna firikwensin injin da tsarin tsaro masu aiki na lantarki zuwa gare shi: ABS, ESP da sauransu. Don sauƙin kulawa, naúrar microprocessor tana cikin yanayin kwamfutar da ke kan allo. Ana aika bayanai daga na'urori masu auna firikwensin da sauri zuwa microprocessor, wanda ta atomatik "yanke yanke shawara" akan sama / saukarwa.

Amfanin "robot"

Wasu direbobi, sun gaji da motsin motsi akai-akai akan motoci masu watsawa ta hannu, suna son siyan mota mai watsawa ta atomatik. Amma wannan sigar tsada ce. Don kwatantawa: samfuran da aka gabatar a dakin nunin Motoci na Favorit tare da rukunin wutar lantarki guda ɗaya ana iya zaɓar su duka tare da akwatunan gear "makanikanci" da "atomatik", duk da haka, farashin su zai bambanta sosai. Mota tare da watsawa ta atomatik zai fi tsada fiye da "makanikanci" ta 70-100 dubu rubles ko fiye, dangane da ƙirar mota da samfurin.

A irin waɗannan lokuta, abin hawa tare da watsawar DSG na iya zama mafita mai dacewa: wannan nau'in "kasafin kuɗi" na watsawa ta atomatik. Bugu da ƙari, irin wannan "robot" yana riƙe da duk fa'idodin watsawar hannu:

• tattalin arziki a cikin amfani da man fetur;
• sauƙin kulawa da gyarawa;
• babban inganci har ma a matsakaicin karfin juyi.

Ayyadadden aikin RKPP

Lokacin farawa a cikin watsawar hannu, kamar yadda yake a cikin watsawar hannu, ya zama dole don shigar da kama. Direba yana buƙatar danna lever mai sauyawa kawai, sannan robot ɗin kawai zai yi aiki. Ta hanyar siginar da aka karɓa daga mai kunnawa, microprocessor yana fara juyawa gearbox, sakamakon abin da aka kunna kama na farko akan mashin farko (na ciki) na akwatin mota. Bugu da ari, yayin da yake haɓakawa, mai kunnawa yana toshe kayan aiki na farko kuma yana fitar da na'ura na gaba akan shaft na waje - na'urar ta biyu tana aiki. Da sauransu.

Kwararru na Kamfanin Favorit Motors Group na Kamfanoni sun lura cewa a yau, yawancin manyan masu kera motoci, yayin da ake aiwatar da sabbin ayyuka, suna kawo haɓakarsu da ayyukansu zuwa aikin watsawar hannu. Akwatunan gear na robotic tare da matsakaicin saurin canzawa da sabbin abubuwan haɓakawa yanzu an shigar dasu akan motocin samfuran samfuran da yawa. Misali, Favorit Motors yana da motocin Ford Fiesta sanye take da akwati na kayan aiki na al'ada da na mutum-mutumi mai sauri 6.

Fasali na gearG robotic gearbox

Guda biyu masu zaman kansu suna taimakawa wajen guje wa jerks da jinkiri yayin aiki na "robot", inganta haɓakar halayen mota da kuma samar da tuki mai dadi. Saboda kasancewar nau'in nau'i biyu, kayan aiki na gaba suna aiki yayin da kayan aikin da suka gabata har yanzu suna aiki, wanda ke sa sauyawa zuwa gare shi ya zama santsi kuma yana adana cikawa kuma yana adana mai. Na farko kama ya hada da ko da gears, kuma na biyu - m.

Raka'o'in mutum-mutumin da aka zaɓa sun bayyana a cikin 1980s, amma sai an yi amfani da su ne kawai a cikin raye-raye da motoci na Peugeot, Audi, Porsche. Kuma a yau, DSG na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa shine mafi kyawun watsawa ta atomatik wanda ake amfani da shi akan manyan motoci. "Robot" tare da DSG yana ba da haɓakar haɓakawa idan aka kwatanta da akwatin "atomatik" na gargajiya, da kuma ƙarin amfani da man fetur na tattalin arziki (kimanin 10% ƙarancin man fetur da ake kashewa). Yana da mahimmanci cewa gears a kan irin wannan "robot" kuma za'a iya canza su da hannu ta amfani da tsarin Tiptronic ko ginshiƙan tuƙi.

DSG "robots" suna da kayan aiki 6 ko 7. Hakanan ana san su da wasu sunayen kasuwanci - S-tronic, PDK, SST, DSG, PSG (dangane da masu kera motoci). Akwatin DSG na farko ya bayyana a cikin 2003 akan nau'ikan motocin Volkswagen Group da yawa, yana da matakai 6. Daga baya, an fara amfani da irin wannan ƙirar a cikin layin kusan dukkanin masu kera motoci a duniya.

Akwatin DSG mai sauri shida yana aiki akan rigar kama. Ta na da clutch block da aka nutsar da ita a cikin abin sanyaya wanda ke da kaddarorin rugujewa. Abubuwan kama a cikin irin wannan "robot" ana sarrafa su ta hanyar ruwa. DSG 6 suna da juriya na lalacewa, an sanya su akan motocin aji D da sama.

Bakwai DSG "robot" ya bambanta da "six-gudun" domin yana da "bushe" clutch, wanda ke sarrafa shi ta hanyar famfo na lantarki. Akwatin DSG 7 yana buƙatar ƙarancin watsa ruwa mai yawa kuma yana ƙara ƙarfin injin. Irin wa] annan watsa shirye-shiryen na hannu yawanci ana sanya su a kan motoci na kanana da matsakaici (B da C), wanda injin yana da karfin juyi fiye da 250 Hm.

Shawarwari na ƙwararrun Motoci na Favorit akan tuƙi mota tare da watsawa ta hannu

Akwatin mutum-mutumi na DSG yana nuna kyakkyawan aiki a hade tare da duka injuna masu ƙarfi da injin kasafin kuɗi. Kwatankwacin da ke tsakanin akwati na robotic da akwatin gear atomatik na waje ne kawai, amma bisa ga ka'idar aiki na watsawa, wannan ci gaba ne na mafi kyawun hadisai na "makanikanci". Saboda haka, a lokacin da tuki mota tare da "robot", Favorit Motors mota sabis Masters bayar da shawarar bin wasu sauki dokoki. Wannan zai ba da damar jinkirta aikin gyarawa a cikin na'urar kamar yadda zai yiwu kuma, a gaba ɗaya, rage lalacewa na yanzu na hanyoyin.

• Ana ba da shawarar yin hanzari a hankali, ba tare da ɓatar da fedar gas da fiye da rabi ba.
• Idan akwai tsayi mai tsayi, to yana da kyau a canza akwatin zuwa yanayin hannu kuma zaɓi ƙaramin kaya.
• Idan zai yiwu, zaɓi hanyoyin tuƙi waɗanda kama a cikin yanayin da ba a kwance ba.
• Lokacin tsayawa a fitilun zirga-zirga, ana ba da shawarar matsawa zuwa tsaka-tsaki maimakon riƙe fedar birki.
• Lokacin tuƙi a cikin birni a cikin sa'o'in gaggawa tare da gajerun tasha akai-akai, yana da kyau a canza zuwa yanayin hannu kuma a tuƙi a cikin kayan farko kawai.

ƙwararrun direbobi da ƙwararrun cibiyar sabis suna ba da shawarar yin amfani da waɗannan shawarwarin yayin tuƙi mota tare da watsawar hannu don kiyaye aikin dogon lokaci na akwatin kanta da kama.

Nuances a cikin aikin RKPP

Akwatin gear na robotic sabon nau'in ƙira ne, sabili da haka, idan akwai lalacewa ko wasu gazawa a cikin aikin, mai motar dole ne ya san ainihin inda zai juya don taimakon ƙwararru.

Kamfanin Favorit Motors Group na Kamfanoni yana gudanar da bincike na kwamfuta da kuma dacewa da akwatin "robot" idan akwai lahani masu zuwa a cikin sarrafawa:

• a lokacin da ake canza kayan aiki, ana jin jin dadi;
• lokacin matsawa zuwa ƙananan kaya, girgiza suna bayyana;
• ana gudanar da motsi cikin tsari, amma alamar rashin aiki na akwatin yana haskakawa a kan panel.

Masu sana'a masu cancanta suna aiwatar da ganewar asali na akwatin robotic, na'urori masu auna na'urori, wirators, wirators, wirator da sauran abubuwan, bayan sun kawar da lahani na yanzu a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci. Yana da mahimmanci a yi amfani da sabbin kayan aikin bincike da kunkuntar kayan aiki don aiwatar da kowane aiki daidai. Matsakaicin ingancin farashi a cikin Motoci na Favorit shine mafi kyau duka, don haka masu motoci tare da watsawar hannu na iya amincewa da ƙwararru ba tare da shakka ba.

---

---