Alamun rashin aiki na firikwensin Camshaft

Menene firikwensin camshaft?

Ayyukan na'urar wutar lantarki a cikin motoci na zamani ana sarrafa su ta hanyar lantarki. ECU (na'urar kula da lantarki) tana haifar da bugun jini dangane da nazarin sigina daga firikwensin da yawa. Na'urori masu auna firikwensin da aka sanya a wurare daban-daban suna ba da damar ECU ta tantance yanayin injin a kowane lokaci kuma da sauri gyara wasu sigogi.

Daga cikin irin waɗannan firikwensin akwai firikwensin matsayi na camshaft (DPRV). Siginar sa yana ba ku damar daidaita aikin tsarin allura na cakuda mai ƙonewa a cikin silinda na injin.

A cikin mafi yawan injunan allura, ana amfani da allurar jeri (na zamani) na cakuda. A lokaci guda, ECU yana buɗe kowane bututun ƙarfe bi da bi, yana tabbatar da cewa cakuda man iska ya shiga cikin silinda kafin bugun jini. Tsarin lokaci, wato, daidaitaccen jeri da lokacin da ya dace don buɗe nozzles, kawai yana ba da DPRV, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa ake kiran shi firikwensin lokaci.

Aiki na yau da kullun na tsarin allura yana ba ku damar cimma mafi kyawun konewa na cakuda mai ƙonewa, ƙara ƙarfin injin kuma ku guje wa amfani da man da ba dole ba.

Na'urar da nau'ikan firikwensin matsayi na camshaft

A cikin motoci, zaku iya samun nau'ikan firikwensin lokaci guda uku:

• dangane da tasirin Hall;
• shigar da;
• na gani.

Masanin kimiyyar lissafi dan kasar Amurka Edwin Hall ya gano a shekara ta 1879 cewa idan aka sanya madugu da ke da alaƙa da tushen yanzu kai tsaye a cikin filin maganadisu, to akwai bambanci mai yuwuwa a cikin wannan madubin.

DPRV, wanda ke amfani da wannan al'amari, yawanci ana kiransa Sensor Hall. Jikin na'urar ya ƙunshi maganadisu na dindindin, da'irar maganadisu da microcircuit tare da wani abu mai mahimmanci. Ana ba da wutar lantarki ga na'urar (yawanci 12 V daga baturi ko 5V daga wani na'ura daban). Ana ɗaukar sigina daga fitarwa na amplifier mai aiki wanda ke cikin microcircuit, wanda ake ciyar da shi zuwa kwamfutar.

Za'a iya sanya ƙirar firikwensin Hall ɗin

kuma karshen

A cikin shari'ar farko, haƙoran faifan tunani na camshaft suna wucewa ta ramin firikwensin, a cikin akwati na biyu, a gaban fuskar ƙarshen.

Matukar dai layukan karfi na filin maganadisu ba su yi karo da karfen hakora ba, to akwai dan wutan lantarki akan sinadari mai mahimmanci, kuma babu sigina a fitowar DPRV. Amma a lokacin da ma'auni ya ketare layukan filin maganadisu, ƙarfin lantarki a kan abin da ke da mahimmanci yana ɓacewa, kuma a fitowar na'urar siginar yana ƙaruwa kusan darajar wutar lantarki.

Tare da na'urori masu ramuka, yawanci ana amfani da faifan saiti, wanda ke da tazarar iska. Lokacin da wannan rata ya wuce ta wurin maganadisu na firikwensin, ana haifar da bugun jini mai sarrafawa.

Tare da na'urar ƙarshe, a matsayin mai mulkin, ana amfani da faifan haƙori.

Ana shigar da faifan tunani da firikwensin lokaci ta hanyar da za a aika da bugun jini mai sarrafawa zuwa ECU a daidai lokacin piston na silinda na 1 ya wuce ta tsakiyar matattu (TDC), wato, a farkon sabon sabon. naúrar aiki sake zagayowar. A cikin injunan diesel, samuwar bugun jini yakan faru ga kowane Silinda daban.

Ita ce firikwensin Hall wanda aka fi amfani da shi azaman DPRV. Duk da haka, sau da yawa zaka iya samun firikwensin nau'in induction, wanda a cikinsa akwai maganadisu na dindindin, kuma inductor ya sami rauni a kan ainihin magnetized. Canje-canjen filin maganadisu yayin wucewar wuraren nuni yana haifar da motsin wutar lantarki a cikin nada.

A cikin na'urori na nau'in gani, ana amfani da optocoupler, kuma ana samun bugun jini mai sarrafawa lokacin da haɗin kai tsakanin LED da photodiode ya katse lokacin da aka wuce wuraren nuni. DPRVs na gani har yanzu ba su sami aikace-aikace mai faɗi a cikin masana'antar kera motoci ba, kodayake ana iya samun su a wasu ƙira.

Waɗanne alamu ke nuna rashin aiki na DPRV

Na'urar firikwensin lokaci yana ba da mafi kyawun yanayin don samar da cakuda mai-mai zuwa silinda tare da firikwensin matsayi na crankshaft (DPKV). Idan firikwensin lokaci ya daina aiki, naúrar sarrafawa tana sanya na'urar wutar lantarki zuwa yanayin gaggawa, lokacin da ake yin allura a nau'i-nau'i-daidaitacce dangane da siginar DPKV. A wannan yanayin, nozzles guda biyu suna buɗe lokaci guda, ɗaya akan bugun bugun jini, ɗayan akan shayewar shayewar. Tare da wannan yanayin aiki na naúrar, yawan man fetur yana ƙaruwa sosai. Don haka, yawan amfani da man fetur yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan alamun rashin aiki na firikwensin camshaft.

Baya ga ƙãra voracity na injin, sauran alamomin na iya nuna matsaloli tare da DPRV:

• m, intermittent, motor aiki;
• wahalar fara injin, ba tare da la’akari da yanayin duminsa ba;
• ƙãra dumama motar, kamar yadda aka nuna ta hanyar karuwa a cikin zafin jiki na coolant idan aka kwatanta da aiki na yau da kullum;
• alamar CHECK ENGINE tana haskakawa akan dashboard, kuma kwamfutar da ke kan allo tana fitar da lambar kuskure daidai.

Me yasa DPRV ta gaza da kuma yadda ake bincika ta

Na'urar firikwensin matsayi na camshaft bazai yi aiki ba saboda dalilai da yawa.

1. Da farko, bincika na'urar kuma tabbatar da cewa babu lalacewar inji.
2. Za'a iya haifar da karatun DPRV mara daidai saboda babban tazara tsakanin ƙarshen fuskar firikwensin da faifan saiti. Saboda haka, duba ko firikwensin yana zaune sosai a wurin zamansa kuma baya rataya saboda rashin matsewar kusoshi.
3. Bayan cire tasha a baya daga mummunan baturin, cire haɗin haɗin firikwensin kuma duba idan akwai datti ko ruwa a ciki, idan lambobin sun kasance oxidized. Duba amincin wayoyi. Wani lokaci sukan ruɓe a wurin saida ga fitilun masu haɗawa, don haka a ɗan ja su don dubawa.
   
   Bayan haɗa baturin kuma kunna wuta, tabbatar da cewa akwai ƙarfin lantarki akan guntu tsakanin matsananciyar lambobin sadarwa. Kasancewar samar da wutar lantarki ya zama dole don firikwensin Hall (tare da guntu-pin uku), amma idan DPRV na nau'in induction ne ( guntu-pin biyu), to baya buƙatar iko.
4. A cikin na'urar kanta, gajeriyar kewayawa ko buɗewa yana yiwuwa; microcircuit na iya ƙonewa a cikin firikwensin Hall. Wannan yana faruwa ne saboda yawan zafi ko rashin kwanciyar hankali.
5. Na'urar firikwensin lokaci kuma bazai yi aiki ba saboda lalacewa ga faifan maigidan (reference).

Don duba aikin DPRV, cire shi daga wurin zama. Dole ne a ba da wutar lantarki zuwa firikwensin Hall (an saka guntu, an haɗa baturi, kunnawa yana kunne). Kuna buƙatar multimeter a yanayin auna wutar lantarki na DC a iyakar kusan 30 volts. Mafi kyau kuma, yi amfani da oscilloscope.

Saka binciken na'urar aunawa tare da tukwici masu kaifi (allura) cikin mahaɗin ta haɗa su zuwa fil 1 (wayar gama gari) da fil 2 (wayar sigina). Mita ya kamata ya gano ƙarfin wutar lantarki. Kawo wani ƙarfe, misali, zuwa ƙarshen ko ramin na'urar. Ya kamata wutar lantarki ta ragu zuwa kusan sifili.

Hakazalika, zaku iya duba firikwensin induction, kawai canjin ƙarfin lantarki a cikinsa zai ɗan bambanta. Nau'in shigar da DPRV baya buƙatar iko, don haka ana iya cire shi gaba ɗaya don gwaji.

Idan firikwensin bai amsa ta kowace hanya ba game da kusancin wani abu na ƙarfe, to kuskure ne kuma dole ne a maye gurbinsa. Bai dace da gyara ba.

A daban-daban da mota model, DPRVs daban-daban da kuma kayayyaki za a iya amfani da shi, a cikin Bugu da kari, sun za a iya tsara don daban-daban wadata voltages. Don kar a yi kuskure, siyan sabon firikwensin tare da alamomi iri ɗaya kamar na na'urar da ake musanya.

Duba kuma

Fadada bi da bi