Парусник Zawisza the Black
Zawisza Czarny a Zatoka Pomorskaya bayan kammala gasar tseren jiragen ruwa na bara.
Don cikakken fahimtar abin da ya faru na zamani Zawisza Czarny, dole ne mutum ya koma baya, kuma ya koma zurfi, zuwa 1932. A lokacin ne taron Scout na 1927 ya yanke shawarar siyan jirgin ruwa na horar da jirgin ruwa. An tara kudaden ne a cikin shekaru uku, amma duk abin da zai kare ya ci tura, idan ba don tallafin da aka bai wa kungiyar Scout ta Poland ba, da kwamitin rusa kwamitin sojan ruwa na kasa, kungiyar da ta fara aiki tun shekaru 40 da suka gabata. Adadin shine game da 37 dubu zlotys (don kwatanta, Swedish 37,5, Bofors XNUMXmm anti-tank gun kudin XNUMX dubu)
Kuɗaɗen da ke sama sun isa siyan wani tsohon malamin Sweden wanda aka gina a cikin 1902 a cikin tarurrukan I. E. Holm da A.K. Gustafsson a Rao, gundumar Helsingborg, tare da injin matsa lamba mai ƙarfi (wanda ake kira injin kunna wuta). ) da ikon 80 hp. Ana kiran jirgin "Petrea" kuma wani lokacin ma ya tafi Greenland. Lokacin da Poles suka fara sha'awar ta, ba ta da aikin yi a Helsinki. Tun da tashar jirgin ruwa ta Gdansk ta kiyasta farashin gyare-gyare da daidaita jirgin a 270 PLN, an gudanar da aikin ta hanyar tattalin arziki a yankin daji na tashar jiragen ruwa na Gdynia, wani wuri da ba shi da nisa da Obluz na yau. Jami’in dillalan ruwa Jan Kuczynski ne ya jagorance su. A Gdansk, a ƙarshe, an yi amfani da tashar jirgin ruwa kawai.
Aiki na kyaftin (kamar yadda ake kira "kwamandan" a wancan lokacin) wani mutum ne mai ban mamaki da gogaggen ma'aikacin jirgin ruwa - brig. Mariusz Zarusky. An yi zargin cewa, a kan matakinsa, jirgin, wanda asalinsa ake kira Scout, ya zama Zawisza Czarny. An yi wa tulun kwale-kwalen da aka yi wa ado da gallon da ke nuna shugaban Sulimchik daga Grabov, sassakawar itacen oak, aikin difloma na ɗalibin Kwalejin Fine Arts kuma a lokaci guda ɗan leƙen asirin Mstislav Kotseevsky. Shugaba Maria Mosticka ta zama uwar gidan naúrar. Jirgin ruwan ya bar Gdansk a ranar 29 ga Yuni, 1935. Kafin a fara yakin, kimanin masu sha'awar jirgin ruwa 17 ne suka wuce a kan benensa a cikin jirage 750 na makaranta.
Bayan da Jamusawa suka mamaye Gdynia, an mika jirgin ga Kriegsmarine kuma, bayan aikin da ba a bayyana ba a filin jirgin ruwa na F. Schiechau a Gdańsk, an yi amfani da shi daga ƙarshen 1940 a matsayin jirgin ruwa na horo a ƙarƙashin sunan Schwarzer Husar. An watsar da shi a cikin 1943 a cikin yankin Lübeck (ko Flensburg). A ƙarshe, ta tsira daga wahalhalun yaƙin, an gano ta kuma aka sake dawo da ita a cikin 1946, kuma bayan shekara guda aka ja jirgin zuwa Gdynia. Tunanin ilimin teku na matasa a cikin ruhun da ya bambanta da wanda ke tattare da koyarwar Stalinist bai kamata a sabunta shi ba, musamman tunda ya samo asali ne a cikin tsaftar Poland. Bayan haka, a cikin 1948 "sabon mai fafutuka" ya yanke shawarar karya al'adar Scout, kuma a farkon shekarun 1950, SWP, da kuma abin da ya rage na ƙungiyar, ya kasance ƙarƙashin ikon ƙungiyar gurguzu na Matasan Poland. Don haka, a cikin shekarun "kara tsananta gwagwarmayar masu fada aji" babu wata dama ko nufin karkata ga makomar Zawisz na farko. Don adana farashin rushewar, jirgin da ya lalace ya nutse a cikin Puck Bay (54°40'04”N, 18°34'04”E, bisa ga wasu kafofin 54°40'42”N, 18° 34'06” E. ) a zurfin kimanin mita 7. Jirgin yana da ma'anar W-4 da aka ba da kayan tarihin Maritime na lokacin. Babu wani abu, da alama, ya kasance bankwana na soyayya ga tsohon soja, an ƙara wannan labari daga baya.
Sulimchik na biyu
Bayan juyewar “Oktoba Yaren mutanen Poland”, SHP da aka yi wa kaca-kaca da akasarin sasantawa sun sake samun yuwuwar yin aiki mai cin gashin kai ko žasa. A lokacin ne aka haifar da manufar mayar da matasa horo kan teku, wanda kuma, kuma dole ne a tuna da shi, damar da ta dace da yawancin rubuce-rubucen tarihi da kuma almara na leken asirin sojan ruwa kafin yakin. Yiwuwar samun sabon jirgin horo a wancan lokacin ba su da yawa. Duk da haka, an nemi ƙungiyar masu leƙen asirin da ta karɓo kuma ta daidaita sashin da ke cikin jerin da ke baƙin cikin tarihin kamun kifi na Poland, wato ɗaya daga cikin masu kamun kifi na B-11, wanda aka fi sani da "tsuntsaye" (ban da bin ruhin sau, ya zama daga Pelican zuwa Frank Zubrzycki).
Duk da haka, Rybacki Cietrzew ya kasance a hankali yana juyawa zuwa jirgin ruwa na makaranta. Da fari dai, bayan karshen aikin a matsayin farauta jirgin ruwa, ya kamata ya zama, da kuma irin wannan yanke shawara da aka yi a 1957, wani ceto jirgin a cikin launuka na Yaren mutanen Poland ceto jirgin (wanda ya faru da tagwayen Chapl) da kuma kawai a lokacin da wannan niyya. ba a gane ba , a watan Fabrairun 1960, ta hanyar yanke shawara na Ma'aikatar sufurin jiragen ruwa, ya fada hannun 'yan kasuwa. Da farko, an shirya na'urar da za a yi amfani da ita azaman kwarangwal (!) na zama, an yanke shawarar daidaita shi zuwa jirgin horo daga baya. Matakin farko na sake ginawa a karkashin jagorancin Eng. W. Godlewski (mai tsara jirgin ruwa) an yi shi a cikin 1960 ta Gidan Gyaran Gdynia kuma an kammala shi a lokacin rani na 1961 ta Jirgin Ruwa na Naval.
Dukansu sun san kadan game da gina jiragen ruwa, kuma an gudanar da aikin - ta hanyoyi da yawa - ta hanyar tattalin arziki. Ba lallai ba ne a iyakance su: sun tarwatsa kayan kamun kifi, saukarwa da canza gidan, sun kara dabara tare da ton 45 na ballast, shirya wuraren zama a cikin tsohuwar riko, sun kafa mats 3. Wannan shi ne yadda aka haifi staysail-schooner, wanda ƙwanƙwasa, duk da haka, ya riƙe kyakkyawan "marasa hankali" na jirgin ruwan kamun kifi. Babu yarjejeniya tsakanin waɗanda suka rubuta game da wannan ko gallon akan baka wani sassaka ne daga jirgin ruwa na farko ko kuma kwafinsa (alal misali, Jan Pivonsky ya yi iƙirarin cewa yanke kan jarumin yana ɗaya daga cikin ayyukan farko da jirgin ya yi. Jamusawa bayan sun karbe jirgin, amma mai yiyuwa ne hakan bai faru ba, kuma galli ne ya zaburar da maharan suna kiransa Schwarzer Husar).
