Malfunctions na Silinda shugaban Vaz 2106: yadda za a gane su da kuma gyara su

Malfunctions na Silinda shugaban Vaz "shida" faruwa sau da yawa. Duk da haka, lokacin da suka bayyana tare da gyare-gyare, ba shi da daraja jinkirta. Dangane da yanayin lalacewa, yana iya zama dole ba kawai don cika man fetur ko mai sanyaya ba, amma har ma rage albarkatun injin.

Bayani na shugaban Silinda VAZ 2106

Shugaban Silinda (Kai Silinda) wani sashe ne mai mahimmanci na kowace naúrar wutar konewa ta ciki. Ta wannan hanyar, ana sarrafa samar da cakuda mai ƙonewa zuwa silinda da kuma kawar da iskar gas daga gare su. Kullin yana da nakasassu na asali, ganowa da kawar da abin da ya kamata a yi la'akari da shi daki-daki.

Manufar da ka'idar aiki

Babban maƙasudin kan silinda shine don tabbatar da maƙarƙashiyar toshewar silinda, wato, haifar da isasshiyar cikas ga guduwar iskar gas zuwa waje. Bugu da kari, toshe head yana warware dukkan ayyukan da ke tabbatar da aikin injin:

• siffofin rufaffiyar ɗakunan konewa;
• yana shiga cikin aikin Gidan Tarihi na Rasha;
• da hannu a cikin lubrication da kuma sanyaya tsarin na mota. Don wannan, akwai tashoshi masu dacewa a cikin kai;
• yana shiga cikin aiki na tsarin kunnawa, tun da alamun tartsatsin suna cikin kan silinda.

Shugaban Silinda yana saman motar kuma yana da murfin da ke tabbatar da matsewa da rashin ƙarfi na injin

Ga duk waɗannan tsarin, shugaban toshe wani nau'in jiki ne wanda ke tabbatar da daidaito da amincin ƙirar ƙirar wutar lantarki. Idan malfunctions faruwa tare da Silinda shugaban, al'ada aiki na engine ya rushe. Dangane da yanayin lalacewa, ana iya samun matsaloli tare da tsarin kunna wuta, mai mai, da tsarin sanyaya, wanda ke buƙatar gyara cikin gaggawa.

Ka'idar aiki na shugaban Silinda an rage shi zuwa matakai masu zuwa:

1. Ana fitar da camshaft daga injin crankshaft ta hanyar sarkar lokaci da sprocket.
2. camshaft cams suna aiki akan rockers a daidai lokacin, buɗewa da rufe bawul ɗin kan silinda a daidai lokacin, cika silinda tare da cakuda aiki ta hanyar nau'in ci da kuma fitar da iskar gas ta cikin shaye-shaye.
3. Ayyukan bawuloli yana faruwa a cikin wani tsari, dangane da matsayi na piston (shigarwa, matsawa, bugun jini, shaye).
4. Ana ba da aikin haɗin gwiwa na tuƙin sarkar ta hanyar tashin hankali da damper.

Me ya kunsa

Shugaban Silinda na "shida" shine 8-bawul kuma ya ƙunshi sassa masu zuwa:

• kai gasket;
• tsarin lokaci;
• silinda shugaban gidaje;
• hawan sarkar;
• ɗakin konewa;
• na'urar tashin hankali;
• ramukan kyandir;
• jirage don hawa abubuwan sha da shaye-shaye.

Zane na shugaban Silinda VAZ 2106: 1 - farantin bazara; 2 - hannun rigar jagora; 3 - bawul; 4 - bazara na ciki; 5 - bazara na waje; 6 - ruwan zafi; 7 - gyaran gyare-gyare; 8 - bawul ɗin tuƙi; 9 - camshaft; 10 - filafilar mai; 11 - murfin kai na toshe na cylinders; 12 - walƙiya; 13 - Silinda kai

Kullin da ake tambaya na gama gari ne zuwa silinda huɗu. Ana shigar da kujerun simintin ƙarfe da bushings ɗin bawul a cikin jiki. Ana amfani da gefuna na wurin zama bayan an shigar da su a cikin jiki don tabbatar da dacewa da bawuloli. Hakanan ana sarrafa ramukan da ke cikin bushings bayan an danna kan silinda. Wannan ya zama dole domin diamita na ramukan dangane da jiragen aiki na saddles daidai ne. Bushings suna da tsintsiya madaurin ruwa don lubrication mai tushe. Abubuwan da aka yi amfani da su na Valve suna a saman bushings, waɗanda aka yi da roba na musamman da zoben karfe. Masu cuffs sun dace sosai a kan tushen bawul kuma suna hana mai mai daga shiga ɗakin konewa ta rata tsakanin bangon bushewa da tushen bawul. Kowane bawul yana sanye da maɓuɓɓugan murɗa biyu, waɗanda masu wanki na musamman ke tallafawa. A saman maɓuɓɓugan ruwa akwai farantin da ke riƙe da busassun biyu a kan magudanar ruwa, mai siffar mazugi da aka yanke.

Tsarin bawul yana ba da shigar da cakuda aiki a cikin silinda da sakin iskar gas

Silinda kai gasket

Babban gasket yana tabbatar da cewa kan silinda ya dace daidai da shingen Silinda. Abubuwan da aka yi don yin hatimi suna ƙarfafa asbestos, wanda zai iya tsayayya da yanayin zafi mai zafi da ke faruwa a lokacin aiki na sashin wutar lantarki. Bugu da ƙari, ƙarfafa asbestos yana jure matsa lamba a ƙarƙashin nauyin injin daban-daban.

Gas ɗin shugaban Silinda yana tabbatar da tsantsar haɗin kai tsakanin shingen Silinda da kai

Tsarin lokaci

Na'urar rarraba iskar gas ta ƙunshi injin bawul da tuƙin sarkar. Na farko daga cikinsu yana da alhakin aiki na bawuloli kuma ya ƙunshi abubuwan shiga kai tsaye da abubuwan fitarwa, maɓuɓɓugan ruwa, levers, hatimi, bushings da camshaft. Zane na biyu ya haɗa da sarkar layi biyu, alamar alama, damper, na'urar tashin hankali da takalma.

Tsarin tsarin injin camshaft da raka'a masu taimako: 1 - camshaft sprocket; 2 - sarkar; 3 - sarkar damp; 4 - sprocket na man famfo drive shaft; 5 - crankshaft sprocket; 6 - yatsa mai ƙuntatawa; 7 - takalma masu tayar da hankali; 8 - sarkar tensioner

silinda shugaban gidaje

An yi kan katangar da aka yi da alluran aluminium kuma an daidaita shi zuwa shingen Silinda ta hanyar gasket ta amfani da kusoshi guda goma, waɗanda aka ɗora su cikin wani tsari kuma tare da ƙarfin da aka ba su. A gefen hagu na kan Silinda, ana yin rijiyoyin kyandir waɗanda ake murɗa tartsatsin wuta a ciki. A gefen dama, gidaje yana da tashoshi da jiragen sama, wanda nau'i-nau'i na tsarin ci da shaye-shaye suna haɗuwa ta hanyar hatimi. Daga sama, an rufe kai tare da murfin bawul, wanda ke hana man fetur daga cikin motar. Ana ɗora abin tashin hankali da tuƙi na lokaci a gaba.

Gidan gidan Silinda an yi shi da allo na aluminum

Rashin aiki lokacin da ake buƙatar cirewa da shigar da kan silinda

Akwai da dama malfunctions, saboda abin da Silinda shugaban Vaz "shida" da za a dismanted daga mota don ƙarin bincike ko gyara. Bari mu dakata a kansu dalla-dalla.

Gasket ya kone

Alamu masu zuwa suna nuna cewa gas ɗin kan silinda ya gaza (ƙone ko huda shi):

• bayyanar smudges ko iskar gas a mahaɗin tsakanin toshewar injin da kai. Tare da wannan al'amari, ƙarar hayaniya ta bayyana a cikin aikin tashar wutar lantarki. Idan harsashi na waje na hatimin ya karye, alamun maiko ko mai sanyaya (sanyi) na iya bayyana;
• samuwar emulsion a cikin man inji. Wannan yana faruwa a lokacin da mai sanyaya ya shiga cikin mai ta hanyar gasket ko lokacin da fashewa ya faru a cikin BC;
  

  Samuwar emulsion yana nuna shigar coolant cikin mai
• farin hayaki daga tsarin shaye-shaye. Farin shaye-shaye yana faruwa lokacin da mai sanyaya ya shiga ɗakin konewar injin. A cikin irin wannan yanayi, matakin ruwa a cikin tankin faɗaɗa a hankali yana raguwa. Gyaran da bai dace ba zai iya haifar da guduma na ruwa. Guduma ruwa - rashin aiki na rashin aiki wanda ya haifar da karuwa mai tsanani a cikin filin karkashin-piston;
  

  Idan gasket ya lalace kuma coolant ya shiga cikin silinda, farin hayaki mai kauri zai fito daga bututun shaye-shaye.
• man shafawa da/ko iskar gas da ke shiga tsarin sanyaya injin. Kuna iya gano shigar mai mai a cikin mai sanyaya ta wurin kasancewar tabon mai a saman ruwa a cikin tankin faɗaɗa. Bugu da kari, a lokacin da tightness na gasket ya karye, kumfa zai iya bayyana a cikin tanki, yana nuna shigar da shaye gas a cikin tsarin sanyaya.
  

  Bayyanar kumfa mai iska a cikin tankin faɗaɗa yana nuna shigar da iskar gas ɗin da ke cikin tsarin sanyaya

Bidiyo: lalacewar shugaban silinda

Konewar kan gasket, alamu.

Lalacewar jirgin saman silinda

Dalilan da ke biyo baya na iya haifar da samuwar lahani a cikin mating surface na toshe shugaban:

• aiki na dogon lokaci na sashin wutar lantarki;
• zafi fiye da kima na motar;
• matalauta ingancin coolant.

Ana kawar da lahani irin wannan ta hanyar sarrafa jirgin, tare da rushe kai na farko.

Lalacewar jirgin sama akan misalin Kalina Silinda kai

Karas a cikin toshe kai

Babban dalilan da ke haifar da bayyanar fashe a cikin shugaban Silinda shine zafi mai zafi na motar, da rashin daidaituwa na ƙusoshin hawa yayin shigarwa. Dangane da yanayin lalacewa, ana iya gyara kai ta amfani da walda na argon. Idan akwai lahani mai tsanani, dole ne a maye gurbin kan silinda.

Yin zafi fiye da kima na injin zai iya haifar da tsagewa a kan Silinda

Jagorar bushing wear

Tare da babban nisan injuna ko kuma amfani da man injin mai ƙarancin inganci, jagororin bawul ɗin sun ƙare, wanda ke haifar da ɗigowa tsakanin wurin zama da faifan bawul. Babban alamar irin wannan rashin aiki shine ƙara yawan amfani da man fetur, da kuma bayyanar hayaki mai shuɗi daga bututun mai. Ana gyara matsalar ta maye gurbin bushings jagora.

Rigar wurin zama

Kujerun Valve na iya sawa saboda dalilai da yawa:

• amfani da ƙananan man fetur;
• babban nisan nisan injin;
• saitin kunnawa ba daidai ba.

Ana warware matsalar ta hanyar gyara ko maye gurbin saddles. Bugu da kari, dole ne a duba tsarin kunnawa.

Lalacewar wurin zama yana haifar da sako-sako da wurin zama da asarar matsewar ɗakin konewa

Fashewar walƙiya

Da wuya, amma yana faruwa cewa a sakamakon wuce kima tightening na kyandir, sashen karya kashe a kan zaren a cikin kyandir rami. Don cire ragowar silinda shugaban kyandir, ana buƙatar tarwatsawa da kwance ɓangaren zaren tare da kayan aikin ingantawa.

CPG rashin aiki

Idan akwai rashin aiki na ƙungiyar Silinda-piston na injin, dole ne a cire kan toshe kuma dole ne a cire shi. Mafi yawan lalacewa na CPG sun haɗa da:

• ƙara lalacewa na cylinders, zobba da pistons;
• lalacewar piston;
• jeri na zobba.

Tare da wuce gona da iri na silinda, injin ɗin yana tarwatse gaba ɗaya don maye gurbin rukunin piston, da kuma ɗaukar rami na ciki na silinda akan injin. Dangane da lalacewar pistons da kansu, suna ƙonewa, kodayake ba safai ba. Duk wannan yana haifar da buƙatar rushe kan silinda da maye gurbin sassan da ba daidai ba. Lokacin da zoben ke kwance, aikin al'ada na silinda da injin gaba ɗaya ya zama ba zai yiwu ba.

Lokacin da zoben ke kwance, aikin na yau da kullun na injin ya lalace

Ring Stuck - Zoben sun makale a cikin gungun piston saboda tarin kayan konewa a cikinsu. Sakamakon haka, matsawa da ƙarfi sun ragu, ana ƙara yawan amfani da mai kuma rashin daidaituwar silinda yana faruwa.

Gyaran kan Silinda

Idan akwai matsaloli tare da shugaban silinda na Zhiguli na samfurin na shida wanda ke buƙatar cire taron daga motar, to, ana iya aiwatar da aikin gyarawa a cikin gareji ta hanyar shirya kayan aiki da abubuwan da suka dace.

Cire kai

Don cire kan Silinda, kuna buƙatar kayan aiki mai zuwa:

• ƙulli mai tsawo;
• makullin makullin;
• hannayen ratchet;
• 13 da 19.

Jerin ayyuka don wargaza kumburin shine kamar haka:

1. Cire mai sanyaya daga tsarin sanyaya.
2. Muna cire matattarar iska tare da mahalli, carburetor, murfin bawul, cire haɗin abubuwan da ake amfani da su da shaye-shaye, motsa na ƙarshe zuwa gefe tare da "wando".
3. Muna kwance dutsen kuma cire sprocket daga camshaft, sa'an nan kuma camshaft kanta daga kan Silinda.
   

   Muna kwance kayan haɗin gwiwa kuma muna cire camshaft daga kan toshe
4. Mun sassauta damfara da kuma ƙara coolant wadata tiyo zuwa hita.
   

   Mun sassauta damfara da kuma ƙara coolant wadata tiyo zuwa murhu
5. Hakazalika, cire bututun da ke zuwa thermostat da radiator.
   

   Muna cire bututun da ke zuwa radiator da thermostat
6. Cire tasha daga firikwensin zafin jiki.
   

   Cire tasha daga firikwensin zafin jiki
7. Tare da kai don 13 da 19 tare da ƙwanƙwasa da tsawo, muna kwance kullun da ke tabbatar da kan silinda zuwa toshe.
   

   Muna kashe ɗaurin kan toshe tare da maƙarƙashiya tare da kai
8. Tada injin kuma cire shi daga motar.
   

   Cire kayan haɗin gwiwa, cire kan Silinda daga shingen Silinda

Rage kan toshe

Ana buƙatar cikakkar kwancen kan silinda don gyare-gyare kamar maye gurbin bawul, jagororin bawul ko kujerun bawul.

Idan maƙallan bawul ɗin ba su da tsari, to babu buƙatar cire kan silinda - ana iya maye gurbin hatimin lebe ta hanyar cire camshaft kawai da bushewa bawuloli.

Daga cikin kayan aikin da zaku buƙaci:

• maɓalli don 17 da 21;
• desiccant;
• mai cire hatimin mai;
• tuwuna;
• tin solder bar d = 8 mm;
• guduma;
• dogon hanci pliers ko maganadisu rike.

Muna kwance kumburin cikin wannan tsari:

1. Muna rushe rockers tare da maɓuɓɓugan kulle.
   

   Cire rockers da maɓuɓɓugan ruwa daga kan silinda
2. Tare da cracker, muna damfara maɓuɓɓugan ruwa na bawul na farko kuma muna fitar da ƙwanƙwasa tare da tsummoki mai dogon hanci.
   

   Matsa maɓuɓɓugan ruwa tare da na'urar bushewa kuma cire busassun
3. Cire farantin bawul da maɓuɓɓugan ruwa.
   

   Muna tarwatsa farantin karfe da maɓuɓɓugar ruwa daga bawul
4. Tare da mai jan hankali muna ƙara ƙarar hular mai.
   

   Ana cire hular jujjuyawar mai daga tushen bawul ta amfani da sukudireba ko ja
5. Cire bawul ɗin daga bushing jagora.
   

   Ana cire bawul ɗin daga hannun jagorar
6. Muna aiwatar da irin wannan hanya tare da sauran bawuloli.
7. Sake kuma cire madaidaicin dunƙule.
   

   Sauke kuma cire kullin daidaitawa
8. Muna kwance bushings na daidaita sukurori tare da maɓallin 21.
   

   Yin amfani da maƙarƙashiya 21, cire ƙuƙumman kusoshi masu daidaitawa
9. Rushe farantin kulle.
   

   Cire dutsen, cire farantin kulle
10. Bayan kammala aikin gyaran gyare-gyare, muna tara kan silinda a cikin tsari na baya.

Lapping bawul

Lokacin maye gurbin bawuloli ko kujeru, dole ne a haɗa abubuwan tare don tabbatar da ƙarfi. Don aikin za ku buƙaci:

• lu'u-lu'u manna;
• rawar lantarki tare da saurin daidaitacce.

Muna niƙa bawul kamar haka:

1. Aiwatar da manna lapping zuwa farantin bawul.
   

   Ana shafa man goge baki a saman lapping
2. Muna shigar da bawul a cikin hannun rigar jagora kuma mu matsa mai tushe a cikin guntun rawar lantarki.
3. Muna kunna rawar jiki a ƙananan gudu, danna bawul zuwa wurin zama kuma mu juya shi da farko a cikin wata hanya, sa'an nan kuma a cikin wata hanya.
   

   Bawul ɗin da aka manne a cikin bututun rawar soja yana lanƙwasa cikin ƙaramin gudu
4. Muna niƙa ɓangaren har sai alamar matte matte ya bayyana akan wurin zama da chamfer na diski ɗin bawul.
   

   Bayan lapping, da aiki surface na bawul da wurin zama ya kamata su zama m
5. Muna wanke bawuloli da sirdi tare da kerosene, sanya su a wuri, maye gurbin hatimi.

Sauya sirdi

Don maye gurbin wurin zama, za a buƙaci a rushe shi daga kan silinda. Tun da babu kayan aiki na musamman don waɗannan dalilai a cikin yanayin gareji, ana amfani da walda ko kayan aikin da aka inganta don gyarawa. Don tarwatsa wurin zama, an haɗa tsohuwar bawul ɗin zuwa gare shi, bayan haka an buga shi da guduma. An shigar da sabon sashi a cikin jeri mai zuwa:

1. Muna zafi da kan Silinda zuwa 100 ° C, kuma mu kwantar da saddles a cikin injin daskarewa na kwana biyu.
2. Tare da jagorar da ta dace, muna fitar da sassan cikin gidaje na kai.
   

   An ɗora sabon sirdi tare da adaftan da ya dace
3. Bayan sanyaya kan Silinda, kirga sirdi.
4. An yanke chamfers tare da masu yankan tare da kusurwoyi daban-daban.
   

   Don yanke chamfer a kan wurin zama na bawul, ana amfani da masu yanka tare da kusurwoyi daban-daban.

Video: Silinda shugaban bawul wurin zama maye

Sauya bushings

Ana maye gurbin jagororin bawul tare da saitin kayan aiki masu zuwa:

• guduma;
• mandrel don ƙwanƙwasa fitar da latsa bushings;
• tsawo na 8.025 mm;
• bude maƙarƙashiya.

Tsarin maye gurbin daji ya ƙunshi matakai masu zuwa:

1. Muna buga tsohuwar bushing tare da guduma da adaftar da ta dace.
   

   Ana matse tsofaffin bushings tare da mandrel da guduma
2. Kafin shigar da sababbin sassa, sanya su a cikin firiji na tsawon sa'o'i 24, kuma dumi kan toshe cikin ruwa a zazzabi na +60˚С. Muna guduma hannun riga da guduma har sai ya tsaya, bayan mun sanya madaidaicin.
   

   Ana shigar da sabon bushing a cikin wurin zama kuma an danna shi tare da guduma da mandrel.
3. Yin amfani da reamer, yi ramuka gwargwadon diamita na tushen bawul.
   

   Bayan shigar da bushings jagora a cikin kai, ya zama dole don dacewa da su ta amfani da reamer

Bidiyo: maye gurbin jagororin bawul

Maye gurbin jagorar bushings na VAZ bawuloli tare da ingantattun hanyoyin

Shigar da shugaban Silinda

Lokacin da aka kammala gyaran kan toshe ko kuma an maye gurbin gasket, dole ne a sake shigar da injin. Ana ɗora kan silinda ta amfani da kayan aiki masu zuwa:

• shugabannin 13, 17, 19;
• ƙulli mai tsawo;
• karfin juyi tsananin baƙin ciki

Hanyar shigarwa shine kamar haka:

1. Muna shafa saman saman silinda kuma mu toshe tare da rag mai tsabta.
2. Mun sanya wani sabon gasket a kan silinda block.
   

   An shigar da sabon kan gasket na Silinda a cikin tsari na baya.
3. Muna yin alignment na hatimi da kuma shugaban toshe ta amfani da bushings biyu.
   

   Akwai bushings guda biyu akan shingen Silinda don daidaita gasket da kan Silinda.
4. Muna ƙarfafa kusoshi mai lamba 1-10 tare da maƙarƙashiya mai ƙarfi tare da ƙarfin 33,3-41,16 N.m, sa'an nan kuma ƙarasa shi da lokacin 95,9-118,3 N.m. A ƙarshe, muna nannade guntun lamba 11 kusa da mai rarrabawa tare da ƙarfin 30,6-39 N.m.
5. Muna ƙarfafa kusoshi a cikin wani jeri, kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto.
   

   An ɗora kan silinda a wani jeri
6. Ana aiwatar da ƙarin taro na kan silinda a cikin juzu'i na rushewa.

Bidiyo: tightening kan Silinda akan "classic"

Yadda za a ƙara maƙarƙashiyar kai don kada gasket ya huda ?!

Kin amincewa da kusoshi na Silinda

Ana ba da shawarar canza kusoshi da ke riƙe da kan toshe tare da kowane rushewar taron. Koyaya, ana yin wannan da wuya kuma yana iyakance ga binciken da aka saba na zaren. Idan yana cikin tsari, to ana sake amfani da kusoshi. Ya kamata a ɗauka a hankali cewa sabon kusoshi yana da girman 12 * 120 mm. Idan tsayin ya bambanta sosai ko kuma masu ɗaurawa suna da wahala a dunƙule cikin shingen Silinda lokacin ƙoƙarin dunƙule shi a ciki, to wannan na iya nuna mikewa da buƙatar maye gurbin kusoshi. Lokacin daɗa kan Silinda tare da miƙewa da gangan, akwai yuwuwar karyewa.

Ana ba da shawarar maye gurbin bolts na kan silinda da sababbi duk lokacin da aka cire kai.

Idan, a lokacin shigarwa na kan toshe, ƙuƙwalwar da aka shimfiɗa ba ta karye ba, to wannan ba garantin ba ne cewa zai samar da ƙarfin ƙarfafawa a yayin aikin motar. Bayan wani lokaci, ƙarar kan Silinda na iya sassautawa, wanda zai haifar da rushewar gasket.

Idan akwai kurakurai tare da shugaban Silinda VAZ 2106, sakamakon abin da al'ada aiki na naúrar wutar lantarki ya rushe, za ka iya gyara matsalar da kanka ba tare da ziyartar mota sabis. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar shirya kayan aikin da ya dace, karanta kuma ku bi umarnin mataki-mataki.