Manyan motoci Volkswagen LT 28, 35, 45, 46 - manyan halaye da bambance-bambance
Abubuwa
Motocin kirar Volkswagen LT jerin motoci masu amfani da yawa an tsara su da kyau kuma motocin da ake nema. A lokacin tarihin su, tun 1975, sun sami babban shahara a Yammacin Turai da Gabashin Turai, da kuma a cikin ƙasashen CIS, ciki har da Rasha. Suna wakiltar gyare-gyare iri-iri - daga manyan motoci da manyan motocin daukar kaya iri-iri zuwa kananan motocin fasinja. Babban mai zanen duk jerin LT shine Gustav Mayer. Waɗannan ƙananan motocin tattalin arziki sun dace sosai ga kamfanoni da kanana da matsakaitan masana'antu.
Volkswagen LT jerin ƙarni na farko
Sai kawai a cikin shekaru hudu na farko - daga 1975 zuwa 1979, an samar da fiye da 100 motoci na jerin Volkswagen LT. Wannan na nuni da cewa kamfanin kera motoci na kasar Jamus ya kirkiro wani gyare-gyaren manyan motoci da ababen more rayuwa. Ba da daɗewa ba, an yi nasarar amfani da LT chassis don shigar da gidajen mota na Westfalia da Florida a kai. A cikin dogon tarihi, waɗannan motocin an sake fasalin su sau da yawa, ana samun ƙarin samfuran zamani na wannan jerin lokaci-lokaci.
Hoton hoto: Lasten-Transporter (LT) - jigilar kaya don jigilar kayayyaki
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- LT 28 ƙaƙƙarfan abin hawa ne
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- An yi gyare-gyaren LT 35 akan wani tushe na kowa da kowa ga dangi, amma an sanye shi don babbar motar dakon kaya
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- Alamar LT 35 ta yi nasarar haɗa fa'idodin mota da babbar mota, tana yin aikin motar ɗaukar kaya.
LT 28, 35 da 45 model
Na farko ƙarni na motoci na wadannan brands fara tafiya a kan tituna a tsakiyar 70s na karshe karni. An kaddamar da samar da su a kamfanin Volkswagen da ke Hannover. Baya ga manufar aikin su, sun bambanta da cikakken nauyin tsare:
- don hasken Volkswagen LT 28, yana da tan 2,8;
- "Volkswagen LT 35" matsakaici-taƙawa aji a cikin wannan kayan aiki yana auna 3,5 ton;
- Matsakaicin nauyin Volkswagen LT 45 na matsakaicin ton yana auna tan 4,5.
Sauye-sauyen LT 28 da 35 sun kasance masu fa'ida iri-iri - manyan motoci masu fala-fala, daskararrun manyan motoci masu karamin karfi da rufin asiri, da kaya, motocin dakon kaya, da motocin masu yawon bude ido da suka birkice daga layin taron. An yi wa direba da fasinja ɗakuna da kujeru jeri ɗaya ko biyu.
A shekarar 1983, da farko restyling na Volkswagen LT 28, 35 da kuma 45 da aka za'ayi. A wannan shekarar ne aka fara samar da mafi nauyi Volkswagen LT 55, wanda nauyinsa ya kai ton 5,6 a cikakken kaya. Canje-canjen sun shafi datsa ciki da dashboards. An kuma sabunta manyan sassan motocin. A cikin 1986, masana'anta sun yanke shawarar yin na waje mafi zamani ta hanyar canza siffar fitilun mota zuwa murabba'i. A kan duk samfuran, an ƙarfafa jiki kuma an shigar da bel ɗin wurin zama. An sake yin gyaran fuska a cikin 1993. An ƙera sabbin grilles, da na gaba da na baya. Hakanan an inganta dashboards da ƙirar ciki.
Har yanzu ana samun nasarar sarrafa injinan ƙarni na farko. A cikin sake dubawa masu yawa na direbobi, gaskiyar cewa an yi taksi da gawar mota da fenti yana da inganci sosai. Idan babu lalacewa na inji, duk Volkswagen LTs suna da yanayin jiki mai kyau sosai, duk da shekaru masu yawa na aiki. An tsara ciki a cikin mafi kyawun hadisai na 70-80s na karni na karshe. A wancan lokacin, an yi gyare-gyare da na’urar kashe wuta, tunda ba a cika motocin da kayan lantarki ba, kamar yadda ake yi a yanzu. Shi ya sa dashboard din ba shi da wadata a ma'auni.
Tutiya, a matsayin mai mulkin, yana da girma, a haɗe zuwa ginshiƙan tuƙi tare da magana guda biyu kawai. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa ba a sanye take da madaidaicin madaidaicin wutar lantarki da gyare-gyaren matsayi na shafi. Daidaita zai yiwu ne kawai a cikin waɗancan injuna inda aka ba da oda a matsayin zaɓi. A karkashin rediyo, an riga an samar da wani wuri a cikin panel, amma motocin ba su da kayan aiki. Injin yana sama da gatari na gaba, ƙarƙashin kujerar fasinja. Godiya ga wannan, yana da fili a ciki, yana ba da kyakkyawar ta'aziyya ga direba da fasinjoji.
Gidajen jeri ɗaya - kofa biyu. An saki layi biyu a cikin nau'i biyu: biyu- da hudu. Gidajen da ke da kujeru jere ɗaya na iya ɗaukar fasinjoji biyu da direba. Layu-biyu sai dai direban na iya ɗaukar fasinjoji biyar. Jikin minibus na da kofofi biyar. Shirin LT ya yi nasara sosai har ya ja hankalin wani kamfanin Jamus - MAN, mai kera manyan manyan motoci. An kafa haɗin gwiwar kera manyan motoci a ƙarƙashin alamar MAN-Volkswagen. A cikin wannan abun da ke ciki, waɗannan motocin suna aiki har zuwa 1996. A wannan shekara, ƙarni na biyu na motoci ya bayyana - Volkswagen LT II.
Технические характеристики
Chassis ga dukan iyalin LT na ƙarni na farko yana da tsayi daban-daban na 2,5, 2,95 da 3,65 m. Da farko, motocin an sanye su da lita biyu na carbureted hudu-Silinda Perkins 4.165 tare da karfin 75 horsepower. Wannan injin ya tabbatar da kansa sosai, don haka an shigar dashi har zuwa 1982. Tun shekarar 1976, an ƙara wani dizal naúrar na wannan kamfani tare da girma na 2,7 lita da damar 65 lita. Tare da An kuma dakatar da shi a cikin 1982.
Tun daga shekarar 1979, Volkswagen ya fara amfani da man fetur mai silinda shida, dizal da na'urorin turbodiesel, wanda ya yi amfani da katafaren silinda mai hade da jimlar lita 2,4 da karfin dawaki 69 zuwa 109. Tare da irin wannan shingen Silinda, a cikin 1982, an fara samar da na'urar dizal turbocharged mai lita 2,4 tare da ƙarfin 102 horsepower. A shekarar 1988, akwai wani turbocharged gyare-gyare na wannan dizal engine, kawai tare da ƙananan iko - 92 hp. Tare da
Akan motocin masu haske da matsakaicin aiki, dakatarwar gaba mai zaman kanta ce, ƙasusuwan buri biyu da maɓuɓɓugan ruwa. Heavy LT 45s sun riga sun sami tsayayyen axle akan maɓuɓɓugan ruwa masu tsayi waɗanda aka haɗa daga zanen gado da yawa. Watsawa akwatin kayan aiki ne mai sauri huɗu ko biyar. An kawo clutch ɗin tare da injin inji. Motar dai tana dauke da aksarin tuƙi iri biyu:
- tare da babban kayan aiki da ke da mataki ɗaya, wani bambanci tare da tauraron dan adam guda biyu da aka ɗora tare da igiyoyin axle;
- tare da tuƙi na ƙarshe na mataki-ɗaya, bambanci tare da tauraron dan adam guda huɗu da ɗora Kwatancen axle.
Ga yankunan da ke da ƙarancin ababen more rayuwa na titi, an kera motoci masu tuka-tuka.
Table: Girman Volkswagen LT 35 da 45 gyare-gyaren manyan motoci
| Girma, nauyi | Volkswagen LT35 | Volkswagen LT45 |
| Length, mm | 4850 | 5630 |
| Width, mm | 2050 | 2140 |
| Height, mm | 2580 | 2315 |
| Nauyin nauyi, kg | 1800 | 1900 |
| Matsakaicin nauyi, kg | 3500 | 4500 |
Bidiyo: Volkswagen LT 28, taksi na ciki
Volkswagen LT ƙarni na biyu
A shekarar 1996, biyu madawwami fafatawa a gasa - VW da Mercedes-Benz - shiga runduna. Sakamakon shine haihuwar jerin haɗin kai tare da nau'ikan iri biyu: Volkswagen LT da Mersedes Sprinter. Dukan chassis da jiki iri ɗaya ne. Banda shi ne gaban taksi, injina da layin watsawa - kowane mai kera motoci yana da nasa. An tuna 1999 don gaskiyar cewa Mercedes ya haɓaka dashboard da sarrafawar watsawa ta hannu. Volkswagen ya zaɓi barin komai kamar yadda yake a da.
A shekarar 1996, LT 45 aka maye gurbinsu da wani sabon gyara - LT 46, yin la'akari 4,6 ton a guje domin. An kiyaye maƙasudai da yawa na jerin abubuwan da aka sabunta har ma da fadada su. Baya ga manyan motoci masu rufin asiri daban-daban, manyan motocin dakon kaya da kananan motocin bas da kayan aiki da kananan motocin bas da motocin bas da juji sun bayyana. Samar da wannan jerin motocin Volkswagen ya ci gaba har zuwa 2006.
Hoto Gallery: Sabunta LT Series
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- A cikin 1996, gaban taksi ya ɗauki ƙarin nau'ikan zamani.
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- Motar ta riga tana da murfi wanda ta cikinsa akwai hanyar shiga motar
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- Model Volkswagen LT 46 ya bayyana a shekarar 1996
Features na motoci "Volkswagen" LT ƙarni na biyu
Matsakaicin nauyi na duk motoci an ƙaddara ta lambobi biyu na ƙarshe na gyare-gyare - daidai da na ƙarni na farko. An sanya birki na diski a gaba da na baya na duk LTs. Ciki na salon ya canza. Sabbin kujerun kujeru ergonomic da siffar sitiya mai dadi, da kuma ikon yin gyare-gyare da yawa ga wurin zama na direba, gami da daidaita shi zuwa tsayi, ya sa tafiye-tafiyen sun fi dacewa. Idan a cikin ƙarni na farko da wutar lantarki ya kasance wani zaɓi, tun 1996 ya riga ya kasance a cikin saitunan asali. Ƙwayoyin ƙafafu kuma sun canza:
- LT 28 - 3000-3550 mm;
- LT 35 - daga 3000 zuwa 4025 mm;
- LT 46 - 3550-4025 mm.Gyara LT 46 II fara samar a 1996
Dashboard ɗin direba yana da na'urar saurin gudu, tachometer, zafin jiki na hana daskarewa da na'urori masu auna matakin mai a cikin tanki. Ana haɗa ma'aunin saurin gudu tare da tachograph. Hakanan akwai fitilun faɗakarwa da yawa waɗanda ke ba da ƙarin bayani ga direban. Gudanarwa yana da sauƙi, kawai 'yan iyakoki da maɓalli - za ku iya kunna dumama windows, da kuma daidaita ikon dumama da samun iska. An kiyaye ci gaba da ƙirar taksi - VW ta samar da taksi mai jeri ɗaya da jeri biyu tare da kofofi biyu da huɗu don motoci. Tafukan baya akan samfuran 28 da 35 guda ɗaya ne, akan LT 46 dual ne. An sami tsarin ABS azaman zaɓi.
Takaitattun halaye
A yanzu LT tana da jiragen ruwan diesel guda hudu. Uku daga cikinsu suna da girma iri ɗaya - 2,5 lita, suna da 5 cylinders da bawuloli 10, amma sun bambanta da iko (89, 95 da 109 hp). Wannan yana yiwuwa idan an sabunta ƙirar injin ɗin. Na hudu, shida-Silinda dizal engine, ya fara samar a shekarar 2002, yana da wani girma na 2,8 lita, ɓullo da ikon 158 lita. s kuma cinye kawai 8 l / 100 km a cikin sake zagayowar haɗuwa. Bugu da kari, injin allurar silinda hudu tare da allurar da aka rarraba tare da adadin lita 2,3 da karfin lita 143 a cikin layin wutar lantarki. Tare da Haɗin iskar gas ɗin da yake amfani da shi shine 8,6 l/100km.
Ga duk motoci na ƙarni na biyu, dakatarwar gaba ta zama mai zaman kanta, tare da maɓuɓɓugar ganye mai jujjuyawa. Rear - dogara spring, tare da telescopic shock absorbers. Duk motoci na ƙarni na biyu suna da makulli daban-daban na baya. Wannan yuwuwar ya ba da damar haɓaka ƙarfin ƙetare a cikin mawuyacin yanayi da yanayin hanya. Mai kera motar ya ba da garantin shekaru 2 don duk jerin motocin LT, da garantin shekaru 12 don aikin jiki.
Tebur: girma da nauyin manyan motocin daukar kaya
| Girma, tushe, nauyi | Volkswagen LT 28 II | Volkswagen LT 35 II | Volkswagen LT46 |
| Length, mm | 4835 | 5585 | 6535 |
| Width, mm | 1933 | 1933 | 1994 |
| Height, mm | 2350 | 2570 | 2610 |
| Wheelbase, mm | 3000 | 3550 | 4025 |
| Nauyin nauyi, kg | 1817 | 1977 | 2377 |
| Babban nauyi | 2800 | 3500 | 4600 |
Teburin yana nuna motocin bas masu madafan ƙafa daban-daban. Idan tushen gyare-gyare daban-daban iri ɗaya ne, to girman su ma iri ɗaya ne. Alal misali, ƙananan motocin LT 28 da 35 suna da ƙafar ƙafar 3 dubu 28, don haka girman su daidai da na LT XNUMX van mai tushe iri ɗaya. Matsakaicin nauyi kawai da babban nauyi sun bambanta.
Tebur: girma da nauyi na pickups
| Girma, tushe, nauyi | Volkswagen LT 28 II | Volkswagen LT 35 II | Volkswagen LT46 |
| Length, mm | 5070 | 5855 | 6803 |
| Width, mm | 1922 | 1922 | 1922 |
| Height, mm | 2150 | 2155 | 2160 |
| Wheelbase, mm | 3000 | 3550 | 4025 |
| Nauyin nauyi, kg | 1857 | 2031 | 2272 |
| Babban nauyi | 2800 | 3500 | 4600 |
Babu fa'ida da rashin amfani na wasu gyare-gyare dangane da wasu. Kowane samfurin yana da ƙayyadaddun ƙarfin nauyi, wanda ke ƙayyade iyakarsa. Dukkanin jerin suna da maƙasudi da yawa, wato, ana samar da samfuransa a cikin gyare-gyare iri-iri. Haɗin kai ta fuskar injuna, taksi na ciki da kayan aiki yana ƙara kawar da bambance-bambance tsakanin LT 28, 35 da 46.
Bidiyo: "Volkswagen LT 46 II"
Fa'idodi da rashin amfani da motoci masu dauke da fetur da injunan dizal
Menene banbanci tsakanin injin petur da injin dizal? Ta fuskar zane iri daya ne, amma injinan dizal sun fi hadaddun da girma a zane, shi ya sa suka fi tsada. A lokaci guda, sun fi ɗorewa saboda fasalin su da kuma amfani da kayan aiki mafi kyau a cikin masana'anta. Man fetur don injunan diesel ya fi arha man dizal, don injunan allura - mai. Haɗin iska da man fetur a cikin injunan allura yana ƙonewa ta hanyar tartsatsin da kyandir suka yi.
A cikin dakunan kone-kone na injinan dizal, karfin iska yana tashi ne daga matse shi da pistons, yayin da zafin iska kuma ya tashi. Sa'an nan, a lokacin da biyu daga cikin wadannan sigogi isa isa darajar (matsi - 5 MPa, zazzabi - 900 ° C), da nozzles allurar dizal man fetur. Anan ne kunna wuta ke faruwa. Domin man dizal ya shiga ɗakin konewa, ana amfani da famfon mai mai ƙarfi (TNVD).
The peculiarity na aiki na dizal ikon raka'a damar su sami rated iko ko da a low adadin juyin juya halin, fara daga 2 dubu a minti daya. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa dizal baya sanya buƙatu akan ƙarancin man dizal. Tare da injunan mai, lamarin ya fi muni. Suna samun ikon farantin suna ne kawai daga juyin juya halin 3,5-4 a cikin minti daya kuma wannan shine rashin amfanin su.
Wani fa'idar injunan diesel shine inganci. Tsarin layin dogo na gama gari, wanda yanzu aka sanya shi a cikin dukkan injunan dizal da aka kera a Turai, yana yin alluran samar da man dizal tare da daidaiton milligrams kuma daidai lokacin da ake samar da shi. Saboda wannan, ingancin su ya kusan 40% mafi girma idan aka kwatanta da raka'a na fetur, kuma yawan man fetur yana da ƙasa 20-30%. Bugu da kari, akwai karancin carbon monoxide a cikin shaye-shayen dizal, wanda kuma shine fa'ida kuma yanzu ya bi ka'idar muhalli ta Yuro 6. Fitar da keɓaɓɓu ta yadda ya kamata ta kawar da gauraye masu cutarwa daga shaye-shaye.
Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa dizal injuna samar shekaru 30 da suka wuce har yanzu mafi tattali fiye da carburetor fetur injuna na wannan lokacin samar. Rashin lahani na raka'a dizal sun haɗa da ƙarar ƙararrawa, da kuma girgizar da ke tare da aikin su. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa an kafa matsa lamba mafi girma a cikin ɗakunan konewa. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin dalilan da ya sa aka kara girma. Akwai kuma sauran rashin amfani:
- hankali ga ingancin man fetur;
- tsadar gyare-gyare;
- ƙananan kewayon saurin gudu (har zuwa 4500 a minti daya).
Sanin fasalin nau'ikan injunan guda biyu, kowane mai shi na gaba zai iya zaɓar siyan fakitin dizal mai tsada ko ya fi son zaɓi tare da injin mai.
Bidiyo: dizal ko man fetur injector - wane injin ya fi kyau
Reviews na masu da direbobi game da Volkswagen LT
Jerin ƙarni na farko da na biyu na LT sun daɗe suna aiki. "Volkswagen LT" na ƙarni na farko, wanda aka saki daga shekaru 20 zuwa 40 da suka wuce, har yanzu yana kan tafiya. Wannan yana magana game da kyakkyawan ingancin "Jamus" da kyakkyawan yanayin waɗannan inji. Rarraba farashin daga dala dubu 6 zuwa 10, duk da tsufansu. Saboda haka, ratings na wadannan motoci sun cancanci kulawa.
Volkswagen LT 1987 2.4 tare da manual watsa. Motar tana da kyau! Ya tafi akan shi tsawon shekaru 4 da watanni 6, babu matsaloli. Gudu mai laushi da tauri. Bayan bulkhead bulkhead, kawai bayan shekaru 2 ya zama dole don maye gurbin dama babba ball da m bushings na stabilizer. Injin abin dogara ne kuma mai sauƙi. Amfani a cikin birni har zuwa lita 10 (tare da irin waɗannan nau'ikan). Yana da tsayayye a kan hanya, amma saboda babban iskar da ake yi yana kula da gust ɗin iska. Gidan yana da fa'ida sosai. Bayan ka shiga GAZelle, Mercedes-100 MV, Fiat-Ducat (har zuwa 94) kuma ka fahimci cewa kai ne mai babban gida. Tsarin jiki, nauyin nauyi ba ya jin tsoro. Gabaɗaya, ina son motar. Na sayar da shi watanni biyu da suka gabata, kuma har yanzu ina tunawa da shi a matsayin amintaccen amintaccen aboki…
Volkswagen LT 1986 Mota abin dogaro sosai. Mu "Gazelle" ba ya zuwa kowane kwatance. Kusan dukkan nisan nisan motar yana da lodin har zuwa ton 2,5. Aiki a cikin hunturu da bazara. Unpretentious to mu man fetur da man fetur. Kulle gatari na baya - wannan shine abin da kuke buƙata a cikin karkara.
Volkswagen LT 1999 Motar tana da ban mamaki! Barewa ba zai tsaya kusa da shi ba, yana kiyaye hanya daidai. A fitilar zirga-zirga, cikin sauƙi yana barin wurin daga motar fasinja na cikin gida. Wadanda ke son siyan motar da ba ta da karfe, ina ba ku shawarar ku tsaya a kai. Ya fi kowane iri a cikin wannan ajin.
Motocin kasuwancin da Volkswagen ya kera suna da amintacce kuma marasa fa'ida cewa yana da wahala a sami ra'ayi mara kyau game da su.
Volkswagen ya yi iya ƙoƙarinsa, yana kera amintattun motocin kasuwanci marasa ma'ana fiye da shekaru 4. Gaskiyar cewa manyan kamfanonin kera motoci na Turai - MAN da Mersedes-Benz - sun ba da shawarar haɓakar haɓaka irin waɗannan motocin, yana magana game da iko da jagorancin Volkswagen ba tare da tambaya ba. Zamantakewa na lokaci-lokaci da gabatar da sabbin sabbin abubuwa sun haifar da gaskiyar cewa a cikin 2017 sabon ƙwararrensa - na Volkswagen Crafter da aka sabunta - an amince da shi a matsayin mafi kyawun mota a nahiyar Turai.
