Kayan sarkar babur: gwaje -gwajen kwatantawa, kiyayewa da ka'idar
Abubuwa
Sauƙaƙe, O-ring ko ƙananan sarkar sarƙaƙƙiya suna samuwa a yau a cikin halaye iri-iri, waɗanda aikinsu da ƙarfin su kuma zai dogara da yadda kuke kula da su. Duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani akan batun yana samuwa a tashar mota.
Sarkar da bel ɗin haƙora na analog yana ba da damar haɗa gira guda biyu nesa da juna don kasancewa cikin tuƙi kai tsaye. Don haka, sarkar tana canja ƙarfin ƙarfi a ƙarshenta daga kayan aikin watsawa zuwa kayan tuƙi, wanda ke tsakanin nisan 60 cm.Ya ninka ta babban radius na kayan zobe, wannan ƙarfin zai haifar da ƙarin "karfin juyi" (ko torque) fiye da kaya tare da ƙaramin radius. Koyaya, wannan ƙimar juzu'i don ƙafafun kambi iri ɗaya ce da ta baya, tunda an yi su cikin yanki ɗaya kuma suna da madaidaicin juzu'i ɗaya. Don haka, mahimmin juzu'i akan keken motar (na baya) da ƙarancin ƙarancin babura suna bayyana lokacin su "canonical", har ma a wuri na 6! Tabbas, don na 5, na 4 ko ƙasa da haka, ƙarfin jujjuyawar koyaushe zai kasance mafi girma, don haka karfin jujjuya a kambi kuma saboda haka a dabaran baya zai ƙaru daidai gwargwado. Za ku bi ta?
Ire -iren sarkoki
Sarkar mai sauƙi shine mafi tsufa kuma tabbas ya fi shahara. Saboda mafi wahalar kulawa (sabili da haka saurin lalacewa) da haɓakar injunan zamani, ya daɗe bace daga yawancin babura. Koyaya, saboda dalilai na tattalin arziki, 50 cm3 da kusan 125 cm3 sun kasance. Duk da haka, sarkar mai sauƙi yana riƙe da babban amfani: babu rikici a cikin haɗin gwiwa, tun da babu rikici, sabili da haka babu hasara! Ƙarin tsadar kuɗi fiye da sarkar o-ring, don haka har yanzu ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin gasa...inda aikin yana da mahimmanci kuma karko ya zama na biyu.
Sarkar ringi ya bayyana daidai don magance matsalar lubrication na rollers axles. Lallai, yayin aiki, ana cire maiko da sauri daga wannan wurin dabarun kuma yana da wahalar musanyawa, yana haifar da saurin lalacewa akan taron. Don magance wannan, masana'antun suna da ra'ayin saka o-ring da ake kira "O'ring" (saboda giciye a O) tsakanin waɗannan fil da faranti na gefen su. Tarko, kariya daga ruwa, yashi da sauran abubuwa, man shafawa na asali ya daɗe a wurin, don haka yana kula da gatura kuma sabili da haka yana ba da tsawon rayuwar sabis!
Koyaya, wannan sarkar O-ring har yanzu tana da kyauta: da farko, ku tuna tsabtace ta akai-akai sannan ku shafawa rollers na waje tare da man shafawa na SAE 80/90 EP, koyaushe akan hakora. Sai dai idan kun zaɓi man shafawa na sarkar kamar Scottoiler, Cameleon Oiler ko wani wanda zai shafe shi na dogon lokaci.
Idan sarkar ta yi datti sosai, za ku iya goge shi ta amfani da dizal, man gidan, ko ma deodorized gas (duba, da sauransu, kyakkyawan koyarwar ɓarna a dandalin ms). Gargadi: Kada a taɓa amfani da fetur ko, ƙari, trichlorethylene, saboda wannan na iya lalata hatimin axle! Kuma a kula don kare tayoyin baya daga duk wata fitina ta hanyar rufe ta da mayafi.
Tare da kulawa mai kyau, rayuwar sarkar O-ring ta ninka akan matsakaici idan aka kwatanta da sarƙaƙƙiya mai sauƙi, wani lokacin ta wuce kilomita 50. A gefe guda na tsabar tsabar tsabar tsabar tsattsauran ra'ayi, musamman lokacin da suke sabo kafin shiga ciki! Don gamsar da wannan, ya isa kwatanta kwatankwacin rundunonin da AFAM ke bayarwa, alal misali, yayin baje kolin babur ko, har ma mafi kyau, don sarrafa babur kafin da bayan sanya sarkar ba tare da O-zobba ba ... Lallai , sau ɗaya a cikin motsi, sarkar dole ne ta tanƙwara don haɗuwa da jituwa tare da kaya da kambi. A lokacin wannan juyawa, hatimin yana gogewa tsakanin faranti na ciki da na waje, yana rage motsi, ta haka yana “cin” ikon, ko kuma a yau, yana ƙara yawan amfani da mai!
A saboda wannan dalili ne low sarƙaƙƙiya sarkar, wanda ke alfahari da haɗakar mafi kyawun duka duniyoyin biyu: ƙarancin juzu'i (saboda haka ƙarancin wutar lantarki) da kyakkyawan karko. Amma ta yaya? Sirrin yana cikin siffar gasket - daga O'Ring zuwa X'Ring ko zagaye don ketare - da zaɓin kayan ko nitrile na X'Ring. A takaice, ga samfurin da a kan takarda yana da duk halaye ta wata hanya. Ya rage a gani, ma'auni akan benci ...
Sarkar, man shafawa, mai da sawa
Shawarwarin Sanson, daga dandalin ms
Manko mai santsi ne: ba mai ba ne.
Mai yana da ruwa: yana gudana da sauri ko quicklyasa da sauri, amma yana yi.
Wannan shine yanayin "SAE 80/90 EP" man gear.
A zahiri, bisa ga ƙamus ɗin kalmomin, man fetur ne don axle na mota (EP = Matsanancin Matsala).
Gear mai yana da bakin ciki.
Fat shine samfurori 2; sabulu da mai. Sabulun sabulu shine shan mai kamar soso. Dangane da matsin lamba da karfin gwiwa, sabulu zai tofa mai.
Sabulu samfur ne na sinadarin sinadarin acid tare da abu mai kitse, wato sabulun ƙarfe, sakamakon gurɓataccen mai mai (stearic, oleic) tare da hydroxide na ƙarfe (alli, lithium, sodium, aluminum, magnesium) ko mai shafawa. Muna magana ne game da sabulun lithium, alal misali, gishirin lithium a matsayin tsayayyun man shafawa. (Man shafawa mai launin rawaya mai dacewa da babban gudu (don man shafawa) da ƙarancin matsin lamba.)
Sabili da haka, furcin: "tare da maiko na nau'in akwatin akwatin SAE 80/90 EP" bai dace ba: a wannan yanayin, yakamata mutum ya ce "mai", ko kuma "mai mai".
PS: Mai bai dace da man shafawa na sarkar ba: zai yi aiki azaman mai narkewa, yana rage mai. A sakamakon haka, za a cire maiko daga inda ya kamata (a kusa da hanyar haɗin). Ko da akwai o-zobba ko X-zobba, hatimin yayi nesa da cikakke. Haƙurin da ake buƙata don O-ring shine 1/100 mm, wanda yayi nisa da madaidaicin sarkar.
Man shafawa mai narkewa kawai tare da ƙarfin ƙarfi mai ƙarfi zai ba shi damar shiga O-ring duk da O-ring kuma ya riƙi hanyar haɗin. Lokacin da sauran ƙarfi ya ƙafe (ta hanyar watsawa), man shafawa ya kasance kuma sauran ƙarfi yana ɗaukar maiko.
Babu haƙoran haƙora ko rollers da za a shafa. Babu lalacewa da hawaye akan duka (a lokutan al'ada). Lallai, abin da ake kira rollers suna kusa da gatarin hanyoyin haɗin.
Abin da ya fi haka, ainihin ma’anar sarkar babur ɗinmu ita ce “sarkar nadi” (bangaren waje, sau da yawa yana sheki bayan ruwan sama, wanda ke jujjuya haƙoran gears). Don haka, rollers ba sa ƙarewa idan sun mirgina da kyau.
Haɗin sarkar yana da tushe guda biyu:
- na farko shi ne lalacewa na axis da kuma m cylindrical part na mahada. Yayin da sarkar ke jujjuyawa, ana samun sabani tsakanin wadannan sassa biyu. A al'ada kada a sami haɗin ƙarfe / ƙarfe a wannan matakin. Man shafawa, ta hanyar daidaito da matsananciyar kaddarorin matsi, dole ne ya yi aiki a matsayin mahaɗa don saman "zamewa" akan man shafawa.
A ƙarƙashin rinjayar babban matsin lamba (ana auna tashin hankali na injin a kan sarkar a cikin tons!) Man shafawa zai iya gudana kuma ruwa zai iya shiga, don haka lamba yana faruwa kai tsaye daga karfe zuwa karfe. Sannan akwai tazarar karfe, a mafi munin yanayi, walda. Wannan sanannen batu ne mai wuya, don piston/Silinda wannan zai zama abin kumbura.
Da zaran mutum ya shiga waɗannan yankuna, inda man shafawa bai cika ba, geometry na hanyoyin haɗin yana canzawa: sarkar tana ƙaruwa saboda haɓaka wasanni (sawa). Fuskar sarkar tana canzawa, don haka ba a yin mafi kyau a kan kaya da kambi. A kan sarkar da aka sawa, a bayyane yake cewa daidaiton sarkar zuwa hakora yana da kusanci, sarkar da ta wuce hanyoyin farko ta ƙare. Ƙarfin kawai yana wucewa ta hanyar wasu hanyoyin haɗin yanar gizo, waɗanda ke fuskantar ƙarin damuwa, kuma ana ƙara sarkar har ma da ƙari.
- sannu a hankali, kuma wannan shine dalili na biyu na lalacewa, rollers ba su ƙara yin birgima a kan hakora, amma suna yayyage tare da su, wanda ke haifar da lalacewa na haƙoran siffar da kuka sani: "tsohon zakara" akan kayan fitarwa na gearbox. kuma "ga hakora" a kan kambi.
Bari mu nemo hanyar samun gatura mai cike da man shafawa koyaushe, mafi kyawun yanayin dubawa (duka sanyi da zafi), kuma muna da sarƙoƙi waɗanda ba sa ƙarewa (ko da ƙyar su tsufa)!
Lura: Sarkokin da ake sakawa a cikin akwati da aka rufe kuma a cikin wanka mai yana da hayaniya, amma da kyar aka lalata su.
Ci gaba da rahoton sarkar babur ...
[-split: kwatanta-]
Kwatanta sarƙoƙin babur
Gaskiya game da O'ring da X'ring Ƙananan Sarkar Zobba
Yana da wuya a zana ƙarshe game da tasirin da'irar ba tare da samun aƙalla ma'aunin kwatance ɗaya akan benci ba. Don yin wannan, mun bambanta kit ɗin sarƙar sarƙar O-ring na Enuma (O'Ring) tare da wani ƙirar ƙarancin juzu'i (X'Ring) daga Prokit. Babur alade na Guinea Kawasaki ZX-6R ne, wanda aka gudanar a rumfar Fuchs BEI 261 a Alliance 2 Roues (Montpellier).
Don wannan gwaji na farko, an sanye babur ɗin tare da saitin sarkar asali, wato samfurin da keɓaɓɓun o-ring kamar Enuma EK MVXL 525 tare da hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa 108 da kilomita 28, wanda aka kiyaye shi cikin kyakkyawan yanayi kuma har yanzu yana cikin kyakkyawan yanayi. Bench ma'aunai suna da santsi:
Auna ZX-6R tare da Sarkar Zobe: 109,9 HP a 12 rpm da karfin juyi na 629 μg a 6,8 rpm
Bin daidaitaccen sarkar O'Ring, ƙaramin goyan baya X'Ring yana bayyana asirin sa ...
Ya rage don wargaza tsohuwar saitin sarkar kuma maye gurbinsa da taron Prokit EK + JT tare da 525 UVX (ja!) Ƙananan sarkar ƙima don sabon ma'auni akan benci. Kusan yanayin yanayi iri ɗaya yakamata ya samar da daidaiton ma'auni iri ɗaya. Rashin hasara, kamar kowane kayan aikin injiniya, shine sarkar tana buƙatar gudu na kusan kilomita 1. Wannan gwajin na farko ana yin shi ne kawai bayan kilomita 000, lokacin da sarkar har yanzu tana buƙatar isasshe "matsi".
Koyaya Ninjette yana samar da doki 112. @ 12 rpm tare da 482 μg karfin juyi @ 6,9 rpm ko 10 hp kuma wani 239 mcg! Babu shakka za a iya yin aikin da ya shahara sosai ga sanannen X'Ring Quadra ƙananan raunin hatimi daga alamar EK. Don haka, haɓaka 30-50% a cikin sarkar sarkar tare da O-ring na al'ada da alama an tabbatar. Ya rage don sake gwadawa bayan kilomita 1.
Tafiya mai sauri, ana ɗaukar ma'auni na biyu bayan 'yan makonni, bayan 1 km "a kusa da" akan A000 na gida: Kawasaki ZX-9R, iri ɗaya a kowane fanni (da sarkar mai mai kyau!), Komawa zuwa ma'auni iri ɗaya. . A hankali, rollers da faranti sun ɗauki matsayinsu, hatimin X-Ring kuma, a hankali ya kamata mu sami ƙarin fa'idodi masu mahimmanci ... Canjin zuwa benci ya ɗan ci karo da wannan tsammanin. An rage yawan ƙarfin ƙarfi da ƙarfi zuwa 110,8 hp. kusan juyi iri ɗaya ake gani. Kuna tsammanin cewa X-Rings yayi sauri ya karye saboda raguwar wuraren tuntuɓar? Don haka saman takaddamar zai ƙaru, yana haifar da asarar daidai da na sarƙoƙin O-ring? A kowane hali, kallo ne wanda ya biyo baya daga wannan gwajin kwatancen, ƙananan sarƙoƙi a ƙarshe sun nuna ƙarancin fa'ida fiye da yadda muke tsammani, amma gamsasshe, a kowane hali a cikin wannan gwajin, don cancanci kulawar mu.
Shin kun sani?
- mun sami damar auna wannan a kan benci na Fuchs: sarkar mai mai da kyau na iya rage asarar watsawa daga 22,8 zuwa 21,9 mN sabili da haka mayar da wutar lantarki 0,8, watau kusan 1% na iko a cikin yanayin gwajinmu na Kawasaki ZX-6R!
- sarkar 520, wannan yana nufin: 5 = sarkar sarka ko tazara tsakanin hadi guda biyu a jere; 2 = fadin sarkar
Muna gode wa Alliance 2 Wheels da Fox don taimakon fasaha.
Duk bayanai game da ƙananan sarƙoƙi na Prokit EK suna nan.
Ci gaba da rahoton sarkar babur ...
[-split: Sabis-]
Shin kun sani?
Me yasa sarkar ta ƙare?
Akwai dalilai da yawa don wannan:
- yanayin yanayi: ruwan sama "yana wanke" sarkar, cire man shafawa, amma mai mannewa, datti na hanya, ciki har da yashi, kuma wannan "hanyar slush" yana aiki a matsayin mai karfi mai karfi, yana lalata shi da sauri.
- Rashin kula da tashin hankali: idan sarkar ta yi tsayi sosai, alal misali, ƙafafun ƙafafu da kuma musamman ma'aunin kayan aiki na kayan aiki na kayan aiki na iya yin kasawa da sauri, yana haifar da farashin gyarawa! Yayi sako-sako da yawa, zai haifar da jarumtaka kuma zai kara sawa.
– ba tare da man shafawa: ko da yake sarkar tana da O'Rings ko X'Rings, sauran abubuwa, kai, kayan aiki da sashin waje na sarkar dole ne a mai da su (bushewar juzu'i = lalacewa mai saurin gaske).
- salon tuƙi: idan kuna gudana a kowane hasken zirga-zirga kuma kuna yin sauran abubuwan acrobatic, iyakokin kewayawa zai zama mahimmanci. Irin wannan azabtarwa zai yi saurin raunana ta, sannan kuma ya halaka ta ...
Don ƙarin kan kulawa duba kuma kyakkyawan koyarwar tashar akan dandalin ms
Sabis, sauyawa
Shawarar ƙwararru
Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da ƙarshen bugun tashin hankali na sarkar da haƙoran haƙoran bit don la'akari da maye gurbin saitin sarkar gaba ɗaya. Lallai, abubuwan da ke cikin kit ɗin (sarkar, kambi, kaya) sun fashe tsawon kilomita. Idan kayan fitarwa na watsawa ya ƙare, misali shigar da sabon sarkar zai hanzarta sawa! A taƙaice, kyakkyawan ra'ayin ƙarya na tattalin arziƙi ... A takaice: da zaran daidaita sarkar sarkar ya kai ƙarshen bugun sa, maye gurbin komai!
Idan sarkar baya buƙatar sake haɗawa, wanda shine mafi yawan lokuta, Hakanan zaka iya niƙa mahaɗin ko amfani da mai juyawa don rarrabuwar komai da sauri. Reassembly kuma yana da sauri, amma za a ba da kulawa ta musamman ga riveting mahaɗin mahada da kuma karkatar da motar baya.
Kafin ku sa mai sarkar, kar a manta da tsaftace shi: babu ma'ana a rufe datti da mai cutarwa sosai da man shafawa! Babban mai tsabtace ruwan zafi yana da tasiri, amma matsin lamba tsakanin mashaya 80 zuwa 120 na iya sa ruwa ya ratsa ko da ta O-ring! Sabili da haka, ba da fifiko ga tsaftace goge-goge na gargajiya tare da abin da ake kira "hayaki" ko man kananzir.
Idan babur ɗinku ba shi da madaidaiciyar cibiyar, jakar mota da madaidaiciyar gefen gefe na iya taimakawa ta hanyar barin ƙafafun ta yi birgima a cikin injin da tsaftacewa da shafawa sarkar sa akai -akai.
