Yadda zaka duba firikwensin ABS da kanka

Ingancin tsarin birki na mota ya dogara da ƙwarewar direba, akan ƙwarewarsa na ƙwararru. Amma, a cikin wannan yanayin, tsarin daban-daban da kuma abubuwan haɗin gwiwa waɗanda ke ba ku damar ƙirƙirar duk abubuwan da suka dace don tuki mai aminci kuma suna zama babban taimako.

Matsayi na musamman a cikin wannan yanayin yana taka rawa ta hanyar lantarki wanda ke hana ƙafafun kullewa - tsarin hana kulle kulle. A gaskiya ma, kewayon aikin tsarin da aka gabatar ya wuce abin da aka nufa, wanda ya fi dacewa a cikin ikon sarrafa abin hawa a cikin hanyoyi daban-daban na aiki.

Ɗaya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan wannan tsarin shine firikwensin ABS. Tasirin gabaɗayan aikin birki ya dogara da aikin da ya dace. Mu kara saninsa sosai.

Ka'idar aiki na firikwensin ABS

Duk wani ma'aunin bincike ba zai yi tasiri ba idan direban ba shi da masaniya game da ƙa'idodin aiki na naúrar ko ɓangaren tsarin da ake nazari. Sabili da haka, kafin matakin da ya shafi aikin tiyata a cikin aikin wannan na'urar, da farko, ya zama dole a yi nazarin ka'idar aikinta.

Menene firikwensin ABS?

Bari mu fara da gaskiyar cewa ana iya samun wannan na'ura mai sauƙi akan kowane ɗayan 4 na mota. Ana samun solenoid a cikin akwati da aka rufe.

Wani muhimmin abu na firikwensin shine abin da ake kira zoben motsa jiki. An yi gefen ciki na zobe a cikin nau'i na zaren hakori. Ana ɗora shi a gefen baya na faifan birki kuma yana jujjuya tare da motar motar. A ƙarshen solenoid core shine firikwensin.

Babban fasali na aikin wannan tsarin sun dogara ne akan karanta siginar lantarki da ke fitowa daga maƙura kai tsaye zuwa mai karanta naúrar sarrafawa. Don haka, da zaran an watsa wani juzu'i zuwa cikin dabaran, filin maganadisu ya fara bayyana a cikin na'urar lantarki, wanda darajarsa ta ƙaru daidai da haɓakar saurin jujjuyawar zoben motsa jiki.

Da zaran jujjuyawar dabaran ya kai mafi ƙarancin adadin juyi, siginar bugun jini daga firikwensin da aka gabatar ya fara gudana cikin na'urar sarrafawa. Yanayin motsin siginar ya samo asali ne saboda kayan zoben zoben turu.

Ayyukan ABS hydroblock na gaba ya dogara da mitar siginar da aka rubuta a cikin na'urar karɓa. Abubuwan da ke kunna wutar lantarki na mai rarraba ƙarfi birki su ne solenoids, famfo na ruwa da hanyoyin bawul.

Dangane da girman siginar da ke shiga jikin bawul, hanyoyin bawul ɗin da ke sarrafa solenoids suna shiga aiki. A yayin da makullin dabaran ya faru, naúrar hydraulic, la'akari da siginar da ta dace, yana rage matsa lamba a cikin wannan birki.

A halin yanzu, famfon na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa ya fara aiki, wanda ke tura ruwan birki zuwa cikin tafki na GTZ ta budadden bawul din kewayawa. Da zaran direban ya rage ƙoƙarce-ƙoƙarce akan fedar, bawul ɗin kewayawa yana rufe, kuma famfo, bi da bi, ya daina aiki.

A wannan lokacin, babban bawul yana buɗewa kuma matsa lamba a cikin wannan da'irar birki ya dawo daidai.

gyare-gyaren da aka gabatar na ɓangaren ABS shine ya fi kowa kuma ana amfani dashi akan yawancin motocin gida da na waje.

Saboda sauƙi mai sauƙi na wannan zane, abubuwan da ke cikin tsarin suna da matukar tsayayya ga lalacewa na inji kuma suna da kyakkyawan aiki.

Idan ɓangaren ya gaza, to, ba shi da tsada sosai don aiwatar da magudin da aka bayyana a ƙasa. Yana da sauƙi don siye da maye gurbin firikwensin da sabon abu.

Alamomin na'urar rashin aiki

Duk da cewa na'urar da aka gabatar, a matsayin mai mulkin, an tsara shi don yin aiki ba tare da katsewa ba yayin aiki na dogon lokaci, gazawa da rashin aiki daban-daban na iya faruwa yayin aikin su.

Don ganin ido kan aikin tsarin, ana amfani da fitilar gaggawa akan kayan aikin motar. Shi ne wanda da farko ya yi nuni ga nau'o'in cin zarafi daban-daban na tsarin da wasu dalilai suka haifar.

Dalilin damuwa a cikin wannan yanayin na iya zama cewa fitilar sarrafawa ba ta fita ba na dogon lokaci bayan an juya maɓallin zuwa matsayi na gajeren lokaci, ko kuma babu sanarwa yayin tuki.

Matsalolin da suka haifar da wannan hali na firikwensin na iya zama daban-daban.

Yi la'akari da alamu da yawa waɗanda daga baya zasu taimaka gano dalilin gazawar wani kumburi na tsarin:

• hasken ABS akan kayan aikin yana kunne na dogon lokaci ko baya fita gaba ɗaya;
• wuce gona da iri lokacin da ake danna fedalin birki;
• fedar birki ya tsaya yana mai da martani ga latsa shi;
• toshe ƙafafun lokacin da aka danna fedal ɗin da ƙarfi.

Tsarin ABS na sigogin da suka gabata, a matsayin mai mulkin, ba a sanye su da wata alama ta musamman na aikin tsarin ba. A wannan yanayin, an yi aikinta ta fitilar duba injin bincike.

Yadda ake tantance tsarin ABS

Matakan ganowa waɗanda suka haɗa da duba tsarin ABS yawanci ana yin su ta amfani da kayan aiki na musamman. Ɗayan su shine abin da ake kira adaftar bincike. Don haɗa shi, masana'anta suna ba da mahaɗin bincike na musamman.

Gwajin tsarin yana farawa lokacin da aka kunna wuta. Ma'anar irin wannan rajistan shine cewa tare da taimakon adaftan yana yiwuwa a gano gaban wani kuskuren tsarin. Kowane kuskure an sanya takamaiman lambar da ke ba ku damar yin hukunci da rashin aiki na wani kumburi ko kashi na tsarin.

Duk da haka, ya kamata a lura da cewa a mafi yawan lokuta, bincike adaftan na kasafin kudin kashi ba su duba dukan tsarin, amma kawai da engine. Don haka, muna ba da shawarar yin amfani da na'urar daukar hotan takardu tare da cikakken bincike.

Misali, zamu iya haɗawa da samfurin Koriya Scan Tool Pro Black Edition. Tare da guntu 32-bit a kan jirgin, wannan na'urar daukar hotan takardu yana iya bincikar ba kawai injin ba, har ma da sauran abubuwan hawa (akwatin gear, watsawa, tsarin ABS, da sauransu) kuma a lokaci guda yana da farashi mai araha.

Wannan na'urar daukar hoto mai nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau’in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau‘in innabi mai na'urar daukar hoto ya dace da na'urar daukar hotan takardu, yana nuna aikin duk na'urori masu auna firikwensin a cikin ainihin lokacin, lambar VIN na abin hawa, nisan nisan sa, nau'in ECU, da sauransu.

Na'urar tana iya auna aikin na'urori daban-daban don kwanciyar hankali na wasu lokuta kuma tana adana bayanan da aka samu a kowace na'ura dangane da iOS, Android ko Windows.

Ana gudanar da bincike-bincike da matakan rigakafi waɗanda ke ba da damar yin hukunci akan ayyukan abubuwan tsarin a cikin cibiyoyin sabis na musamman. Koyaya, ana iya gudanar da wannan aikin a cikin wurin gareji.

Don haka, duk abin da ake buƙata don tantance firikwensin ABS shine mafi ƙarancin saiti na kayan aiki, wanda ya haɗa da: ƙarfe na ƙarfe, multimeter, raguwar zafi da masu haɗawa.

Duba firikwensin ABS

Algorithm na tabbatarwa ya ƙunshi matakai masu zuwa:

• hawan keke;
• tarwatsa sashin sarrafawa da abubuwan sarrafawa;
• haɗin haɗin haɗin gyare-gyare zuwa na'urori masu aunawa;
• auna juriya tare da multimeter

Idan firikwensin bai gaza ba, ohmmeter zai nuna juriya na kusan 1 kOhm. Wannan ƙimar tayi daidai da aikin firikwensin a hutawa. Yayin da dabaran ke juyawa, ya kamata karatun ya canza. Wannan zai nuna daidaitonsa. Idan babu canji a cikin karatun, firikwensin ya ɓace.

Ya kamata a lura cewa saboda gyare-gyare daban-daban na na'urori masu auna firikwensin, sigogin aikin su na iya bambanta. Don haka, kafin la'anta na'urar firikwensin, dole ne ku fara sanin kanku da kewayon aikin sa sannan kawai ku yanke shawara game da iyawar sa.

Bugu da ƙari, a cikin yanayin rashin aiki na ABS, ya zama dole don tabbatar da cewa babu lalacewa ga wayoyi na karkashin ruwa. Idan an sami hutu, yakamata a “sayar da wayoyi”.

Kada ka manta kuma cewa dole ne a haɗa fil ɗin gyara daidai da polarity. Duk da cewa a mafi yawan lokuta ana haifar da kariya idan haɗin ba daidai ba ne, bai kamata ku yi wannan ba. Don sauƙaƙe aikin, yana da kyau a riga an yi alamar wayoyi masu dacewa tare da alamar ko tef mai rufi.

Gwajin gwajin (multimeter)

Hakanan ana iya gano aikin firikwensin ta amfani da voltmeter. Dukkanin jerin ayyukan gaba ɗaya suna kwafi algorithm na sama, tare da bambanci guda ɗaya. Don samun sakamakon da ake so, ya zama dole don ƙirƙirar yanayin da motar za ta yi juyin juya hali tare da mitar daidai da 1 rpm.

A abubuwan da aka fitar na firikwensin mai aiki, yiwuwar bambancin zai kasance game da 0,3 - 1,2 V. Yayin da saurin motsi ya karu, ƙarfin lantarki ya kamata ya karu. Wannan gaskiyar ita ce za ta nuna yanayin aiki na firikwensin ABS.

Duba aikin firikwensin ABS bai iyakance ga wannan ba. Akwai wasu dabaru masu inganci waɗanda zasu taimaka kawar da ɓarna iri-iri na tsarin ABS.

Oscilloscope

Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, zaku iya amfani da oscilloscope don tantance katsewar aiki na firikwensin ABS. Ya kamata a lura cewa yin amfani da na'urar da aka gabatar yana buƙatar wasu ƙwarewa. Idan kai ƙwararren mai son rediyo ne, ba zai yi maka wahala ba don yin irin wannan binciken. Amma ga ma'aikaci mai sauƙi, wannan na iya haifar da matsaloli da yawa. Bari mu fara da gaskiyar cewa wannan na'urar ba za ta biya ku ba mai arha.

Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, amfani da shi galibi yana halatta a cikin yanayin sabis na musamman. Duk da haka, idan ta wata mu'ujiza wannan na'ura mai ban mamaki tana kwance a garejin ku, zai zama taimako mai kyau ga matakan bincike daban-daban.

Oscilloscope yana haifar da hangen nesa na siginar lantarki. Ana nuna girman girman siginar da mitar siginar akan allo na musamman, wanda ke ba da cikakken hoto game da aikin wani yanki na tsarin.

A wannan yanayin, ka'idar duba lafiyar firikwensin ABS za ta dogara ne akan nazarin kwatancen sakamakon da aka samu. Don haka, tsarin gaba ɗaya a matakin farko yana kama da wanda aka yi a baya tare da multimeter, kawai a maimakon mai gwadawa, oscilloscope ya kamata a haɗa shi da abubuwan firikwensin.

Hanyar gano cutar shine kamar haka:

• jujjuya motar da aka dakatar tare da mitar akai-akai na kusan 2-3 rpm;
• gyara darajar girman oscilloscope akan nunin oscilloscope.

Da zaran an ɗauki karatun daga firikwensin guda ɗaya, dole ne a aiwatar da duk ayyuka iri ɗaya tare da firikwensin da aka sanya a gefen gefen gatari ɗaya.

Ya kamata a kwatanta sakamakon da aka samu kuma a yanke shawarar da ta dace:

• tare da ingantacciyar karantawa daidai, ana iya ɗaukar na'urori masu auna sigina;
• rashin wani abu ba zato ba tsammani lokacin da aka saita ƙaramin siginar sinusoid yana nuna aikin firikwensin;
• Tsayawa tsayin tsayin daka tare da ƙimar kololuwar da ba ta wuce 0,5 V a ƙayyadadden saurin - firikwensin yana hidima da aminci.

Kyakkyawan madadin na'urar mai tsada na iya zama aikace-aikace na musamman wanda zaku iya aiwatar da duk ayyukan bincike ta amfani da kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka na yau da kullun.

Duba firikwensin ba tare da kayan aiki ba

Ana iya yin gwajin firikwensin ABS ba tare da taimakon na'urorin rikodi daban-daban ba. Don yin wannan, kawai kuna buƙatar maƙarƙashiya ko screwdriver mai lebur.

Ma'anar gwajin ita ce, idan wani ƙarfe ya taɓa ainihin abin da ke cikin electromagnet, dole ne ya sha'awar shi. A wannan yanayin, zaku iya yin hukunci akan lafiyar firikwensin. In ba haka ba, akwai kowane dalili na gaskata cewa firikwensin ya mutu.        

Yadda ake gyara kurakuran da aka samu

Da zarar matakan bincike sun yi nasara kuma an gano matsalar, ya zama dole don kawar da kuskuren tsarin. Idan ya shafi firikwensin ABS ko zoben motsa jiki, babu buƙatar magana game da maido da aikinsu.

A wannan yanayin, yawanci suna buƙatar maye gurbin su. Bangaren na iya zama lamarin lokacin da saman aiki na firikwensin ya zama datti yayin aiki na dogon lokaci. Don yin wannan, zai isa ya tsaftace shi daga oxides da datti. A matsayin masu tsaftacewa, yana da kyau a yi amfani da ruwan sabulu na yau da kullun. An hana yin amfani da sinadarai sosai.

Idan sashin kulawa shine sanadin gazawar, farfado da shi a wasu lokuta na iya haifar da matsaloli masu tsanani. Koyaya, ana iya buɗe shi koyaushe kuma ana iya tantance girman bala'in a gani. Rushewar murfin dole ne a yi a hankali, don kauce wa lalacewa ga abubuwan aiki.

Sau da yawa yakan faru cewa, sakamakon girgiza, lambobin sadarwa na ɗaya daga cikin tashoshi kawai sun rasa rigidity. Don sake sayar da su a kan allo, ba kwa buƙatar samun tabo bakwai a goshin ku. Don yin wannan, ya isa ya sami ƙarfe mai kyau na bugun jini ko tashar tallace-tallace.

Game da kiyaye tsarin birki Na'urar da gyaran firikwensin ABS

Lokacin saida, yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa toshe yumburan insulator yana da matukar damuwa ga zafi. Sabili da haka, a cikin wannan yanayin, dole ne a kula da shi don tabbatar da cewa ba shi da ƙarin tasirin zafi.