Wane irin haɗari ne man fetur yake?

Rarraba nau'ikan haɗari na abubuwa

An kafa azuzuwan haɗari ta hanyar tanadi na GOST 12.1.007-76 game da waɗannan kayan da, ta hanyoyi daban-daban na tuntuɓar su, na iya cutar da jikin ɗan adam da muhalli. Don man fetur, wannan yana da mahimmanci musamman, tun da yake sananne ne kuma samfurin da ake bukata a cikin tattalin arziki, ana cinye shi da yawa.

GOST 12.1.007-76 ya kafa alamun haɗari masu zuwa:

1. Shakar matsakaicin halaltaccen taro (MAC) na wani abu daga iska.
2. Ciwon haɗari (kashi mai kisa a kowace naúrar nauyin jikin ɗan adam).
3. Tuntuɓi tare da fata, tare da bayyanar bayyanar cututtuka na haushi.
4. Yiwuwar guba saboda fallasa kai tsaye ga tururi.
5. Yiwuwar cututtuka na yau da kullun.

Tasirin tari na duk abubuwan da ke sama yana ƙayyade ajin haɗari. Ma'auni na kowane siga, ba shakka, sun bambanta, saboda haka, ana la'akari da wanda ke da mafi girman ƙimar ƙima.

Ka'idojin man fetur: menene ajin haɗari?

Duk da iri-iri na man fetur brands, bisa ga gida terminology, dukan su, a matsayin flammable taya, suna cikin hadarin "ІІІ" (wannan ya yi daidai da na kasa da kasa classification code F1). Matsayin haɗari na man fetur yayi daidai da abubuwan da ke biyowa:

• MPC a cikin yankin aikace-aikacen, mg/m³ 1,1-10,0.
• Matsakaicin kisa yana shiga cikin mutum, mg / kg - 151 ... 5000.
• Adadin man fetur a kan fata, mg / kg - 151 ... 2500.
• Tashin hankali a cikin iska, mg/m³ 5001-50000.
• Matsakaicin maida hankali na tururi a cikin iska a dakin da zafin jiki (aunawa dangane da wannan nuni ga ƙananan dabbobi masu shayarwa), ba fiye da -29 ba.
• Diamita na yankin haɗari a kusa, wanda ke haifar da bayyanar cututtuka na yau da kullum, m - har zuwa 10.

Lambar rarrabuwa F1 kuma ta bayyana cewa ma'aunin duk alamun da aka nuna waɗanda ke ƙayyade ƙimar haɗarin mai dole ne a aiwatar da shi a wani zazzabi (50 ° C) da matsa lamba (aƙalla 110 kPa).

Matakan tsaro

Game da man fetur, ana amfani da ƙuntatawa masu zuwa:

1. Banda a wuraren da ake amfani da na'urorin dumama harshen wuta.
2. Duban lokaci-lokaci na matsewar kwantena.
3. Yin aiki akai-akai na tsarin iska (ba a ƙayyade ka'idar samun iska a cikin ma'auni ba).
4. Samun na'urorin kashe gobara a cikin harabar. Tare da yuwuwar tushen kunnawa ƙasa da m 5² Ana amfani da masu kashe wuta na carbon dioxide ko nau'in aerosol.
5. Sarrafa yanayi ta amfani da na'urorin binciken iskar gas mai ɗaukar hoto na aikin mutum ɗaya (dole ne a tsara na'urori don gano tururi na hydrocarbons masu canzawa kuma suyi aiki a cikin yankin MPC, wanda ke keɓance ga mai).

Bugu da kari, don gane da zubewar man fetur a cikin harabar, an shigar da kwalaye da busassun yashi.

Kariyar Kai

Yana da kyau a tuna cewa duk wata hanyar kunna wuta (taba, ashana, bututu mai zafi ko walƙiya) na iya kunna tururin mai. Abun da kansa ba ya konewa, amma tururinsa yana ƙonewa sosai, kuma sun fi iska nauyi, don haka, suna motsawa sama da saman ƙasa, suna iya ba da gudummawa ga bushewa ko tsagewar fata. Tsawon dogon shakar tururin mai na iya haifar da diwanci, tashin zuciya, ko amai. Na karshen kuma yana yiwuwa a lokacin da mai motar, lokacin da yake ƙoƙarin fitar da mai da bakinsa, zai iya haɗiye wasu daga ciki. Man fetur da ke dauke da benzene mai guba da carcinogenic na iya haifar da ciwon huhu idan ya shiga cikin huhu.

Lokacin cika tankuna ko gwangwani da man fetur, kashi 95% kawai na iyawarsu ya kamata a yi amfani da su. Wannan zai ba da damar man fetur ya fadada cikin aminci yayin da zafin jiki ya tashi.

Ina harbi a kan kwandon mai!