Tarihin Mazda - Mazda

Me za a iya ce game da Mazda? Ba yawa, domin da kyar kowa ya shiga cikin bayanan rayuwar kowane mai kera motoci. A halin yanzu, wannan alamar ta yi tafiya na dogon lokaci, an nannade shi sosai a cikin kimono kamar geisha, sannan ya tafi Turai, ya sanya wata karamar rigar satin mai wuyan wuyansa da katako. To ta yaya aka fara wannan duka labarin?

Ba shi da wuya a yi hasashen cewa ƴan masu kera motoci kaɗan ne suka fara kera motoci, kuma Mazda ba ta kasance ba. A cikin 1920, an kafa kamfani mai suna Toyo Cork Kogyo. Amma me da gaske ta yi? Ƙarfe samar? Magunguna suna yadawa? Akwatin - shimfidar kwalabe kawai da aka yi. Kuma wannan ya isa ya sami isassun kuɗi wanda ya ba ta damar yin tafiya tare da kera motoci.

A cikin 1931, an samar da motar farko ta Mazda. Gabaɗaya, ba motar 66% ba ce - akwati ce mai ƙafa uku kawai. Ya sayar da raka'a 1960 a cikin shekarar farko, don haka muka yi tunanin fitar da kaya. An zaɓi wata ƙasa inda fuskokin murmushi da yawa ke jiran irin wannan motar - China. Duk da nasarar da farko, tsanani mota, Mazda ya jira quite dogon lokaci, har 360. A karshe dai motar R4 tana da wheel wheel 2, karamin injin 356cc 3.1 da kuma jiki wanda galibin Turawa suka dauka tukunya ce ta geraniums saboda tana da kyan gani. Jafananci, a gefe guda, sun dace a ciki ba tare da wata matsala ba, kuma ƙananan ƙananan motar suna da babbar fa'ida - ta cinye 100l / XNUMXkm kawai, wanda shine babban fa'ida a lokacin farfado da tattalin arzikin Japan. Duk da haka, juyin juya hali na hakika bai zo ba.

Kamar yadda kuka sani, a halin yanzu Mazda ita ce kaɗai mai kera motoci a duniya da ke yin gwajin injin jujjuyawar Wankel. Ta fara sha'awar samar da su a 1961 - ta shiga yarjejeniya da NSU da Felix Wankel da kansa - bayan haka, yana raye a lokacin. Matsalar, duk da haka, ita ce, waɗannan rukunin na musamman suna buƙatar kammalawa, kuma Felix Wankel ya ƙare da hangen nesa kuma bai san abin da zai yi da su ba. NSU ta kera mota ta farko mai amfani da Wankel a duniya a shekara ta 1964, amma ta lalace sosai har Jamusawan suka koyi sabbin kalmomin la'ana daga cikinta. Mazda ya yanke shawarar kada ya yi sauri kuma ya yi aiki a kan zane na tsawon shekaru, har zuwa ƙarshe, a cikin 1967, an ƙirƙiri wani naúrar wanda zai iya yin gasa tare da "talakawan" Motors. Ya tabbatar da zama mai ɗorewa kuma ya fara halarta a karon a cikin ɗayan kyawawan samfuran masana'anta, 110S Cosmo Sport. 1967 yana da mahimmanci ga alamar don wani dalili - a lokacin ne aka fara sayar da Mazda a Turai. Amma menene na gaba?

A cikin 1972, Masayuki Kirihara ya hau jirgi ya tashi zuwa Jamus. Kuma ba hutu ba ne, ya sami jagora ɗaya bayyananne daga Mazda - shi ne ya ƙirƙiri dillali a can. Ya ɗauki ɗan lokaci kaɗan, amma a ƙarshe ya yi nasara - kuma wannan ya faru ne saboda Mazda ta kafa kanta a Jamus tare da ƙaddamar da RX-70 a ƙarshen 7s. Wannan mota yana da manyan zaɓuɓɓukan sanyi, injin rotary bai ƙone mai ba, amma ya cinye shi a cikin hectoliters kuma a lokaci guda ya ba da jin daɗin tuƙi. Duk da haka, lokacin ainihin masu siyarwa bai riga ya zo ba.

A cikin 80s, cibiyar sadarwar dila ta Jamus ta haɓaka, don haka a cikin 1981 an yanke shawarar buɗe ƙarin ofishi a Brussels. A wata kalma, ya kamata a kalli hannun masu rarraba Turai masu zaman kansu. Kuma akwai abubuwa da yawa don sarrafawa - Jamusawa sun ƙaunaci sababbin samfurori 323 da 626. Babban tallace-tallace yana nufin babban kuɗi, kuma babban kuɗi shine ko dai hutu a Abu Dhabi ko ci gaban fasaha - sa'a, alamar ta zaɓi na ƙarshe. kuma a cikin 1984 shine farkon fara siyar da motoci tare da neutralizer na catalytic. Bugu da kari, kamfanin ya fadada ma'ajiyarsa a Hitdorf tare da kaddamar da aikin kayayyakin kayayyakin gyara na sa'o'i 24. Ba shi da wuya a yi tsammani cewa wannan babbar dabara ce ta talla - godiya gare shi, tallace-tallacen motoci a Turai ya ninka fiye da ninki biyu cikin wannan shekaru goma. Duk da haka, a cikin XNUMXth, abubuwa sun kasance ba su da kyau sosai.

Farawar ba ta da kyau sosai. A cikin 1991, samfurin 787B ya zama kawai ƙirar Jafananci don lashe sa'o'i 24 na Le Mans. Bugu da ƙari, MX-5, wanda ya kasance yana jiran amincewar Yamamoto don samar da shekaru 10, ya shiga cikin kasuwancin - ƙuƙumi, ƙarami, gaba ɗaya maras amfani da hanya wanda kowane mai karfi ya ji tausayi. Duk da haka, gaskiyar ita ce wannan motar tana da haske. Ya kasance sananne, yana motsawa mai ban mamaki, yana da injuna masu ƙarfi - ya isa ya ƙaunaci matasa, masu arziki, kuma samfurin kanta ya zama abin mamaki a kasuwa. Duk da haka, yawan tallace-tallace na alamar har yanzu ya fadi, saboda babu isasshen sababbin motoci. Kamfanin ya yanke shawarar yaƙar wannan ta hanyar faɗaɗa hanyar sadarwarsa. A cikin 1995, ya buɗe ofishin wakilin a Portugal, ya yi wasu canje-canje ga aikin rassan Turai, kuma a ƙarshe ya ƙirƙira Mazda Motor Europe GmbH (MME), wanda ya fara aiki tare da duka yaƙin "dukan" ma'aikata 8. Tare da sashen dabaru, duk abin da aka shirya don fara cin nasara na Turai. Ko haka tayi tunani.

Akwai kantuna masu zaman kansu da yawa a Tsohuwar Nahiyar da ke siyar da motocin Mazda. Suna da nasu tsarin gudanarwa, haƙƙin nasu da kuma kofi ga injin kofi, wanda kuma dole ne su saya da kansu. Kamfanin ya yanke shawarar samun waɗannan kaddarorin masu zaman kansu don ƙirƙirar babbar hanyar sadarwa kuma a lokaci guda haɗa tallace-tallace, tallace-tallace, PR da duk abin da ya rayu na kansa har yanzu. Duk ya fara ne da ra'ayin "Zoom-Zoom" da kuma ƙirƙirar sababbin ofisoshin a 2000 - na farko a Italiya da Spain, kuma a shekara guda a Faransa, Birtaniya da Sweden. Yana da ban dariya, amma yayin da kusan dukkanin kamfanonin motoci suka samu gindin zama a Turai kuma sun daidaita sosai, Mazda na kokarin fitar da gwiwar hannunta daga cikin jama'a don isa bakin ruwa. Duk da haka, ta yi shi sosai a hankali - mutane 8 da suka fara aiki a Mazda Motor Europe GmbH sun girma zuwa fiye da 100. Kuma ba a tsakanin su ba - an dauki sabbin ma'aikata da yawa, an bude sababbin ofisoshi a Austria da Denmark, an sake fitar da sababbin samfurori. An gabatar da shi - a cikin 2002, Mazda 6, wanda aka ƙirƙira bisa ga manufar zuƙowa-zuƙowa, kuma bayan shekara guda, Mazda 2, Mazda 3 da Renesis na musamman na RX-8 tare da injin Wankel a ƙarƙashin hular. A cikin wannan tashin hankali na ci gaba da fadada zuwa Turai, ɗayan ƙaramin daki-daki yana da daraja a ambata - samfurin MX-5 ya shiga littafin Guinness Book of Records a cikin 2000 a matsayin mafi kyawun siyar da titin kowane lokaci. Sannu, amma ina ofishin mu na Yaren mutanen Poland yake?

A lokacin, kun riga kun ga sababbin motocin Mazda waɗanda ke tafiya a kan hanyoyinmu, don haka sai sun fito daga wani wuri. Ee - da farko Mazda Austria ce ta fitar da motoci zuwa kasuwannin Kudancin da Tsakiyar Turai. Bugu da ƙari, ta yi kyakkyawan aiki tare da shi, yayin da ta ƙara yawan tallace-tallacen tallace-tallace da kashi 25%. Dole ne mu jira har zuwa 2008 don Mazda Motor Poland, amma lokaci ne mai kyau - nan da nan mun sami hannunmu kan sabbin tsararraki na Mazda 2 da Mazda 6 waɗanda suka bayyana a shekara guda a baya, kuma kwanan nan gabatar da "Zoƙon Zuƙowa" . shirin da a cikin sababbin motoci ya kamata ya rage yawan man fetur da kuma inganta tsaro. Dukansu wakilcin Yaren mutanen Poland da sauran mutane da yawa a Turai suna nuna canje-canjen da wannan alamar ta ci gaba a gaban idanunmu. Wannan yana da kyau, saboda kusan dukkanin kamfanonin mota sun wuce wannan lokacin a cikin karni na karshe. Kamfanin a halin yanzu yana daukar ma’aikata sama da 1600 a fadin nahiyar kuma Mazda Motor Europe, wacce ta fara da ma’aikata 8, yanzu tana da ma’aikata kusan 280. Wannan misali ne mai kyau cewa komai na iya yiwuwa, har ma da mai da kampanin katako na kwalabe zuwa kamfanin kera motoci masu tasowa.