Hydrodistributor MTZ 82

Tare da injin tuƙi na injuna? Tarakta MTZ-82(80) sanye take da hanyoyin da ke ba da damar canja wurin wutar lantarki saboda matsin mai. Rarraba, da kuma sarrafa man da ke gudana a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba, ana gudanar da shi ta wani sashi na musamman na tsarin hydraulic tractor - mai rarraba ruwa.

Mai rarraba na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa MTZ 82 yana ba da daidaituwa mai dacewa da rarraba matsa lamba na ruwa mai aiki zuwa duk sassan wutar lantarki na injuna (na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa, injin injin ruwa) da kayan aikin da aka yi amfani da su tare da tarakta. Tare da taimakon na'ura mai aiki da kai, toshe yana ba da iko lokaci guda na ma'ajin ruwa guda uku.

Zane mai rarrabawa

Haɗakarwa block MTZ 82(80) - R75-33R (GOST 8754-71)

• P - mai rarrabawa
• 75 - naúrar aiki lita a minti daya
• nau'in 3 reel, zane wanda ba ya ƙyale gyarawa a cikin matsayi na "ƙananan".
• 3 - yawan spools a cikin zanen waya
• Tambaya: An tsara naúrar don yin aiki tare da mai sarrafa wutar lantarki

An yi zane a cikin wani gida na simintin ƙarfe na daban tare da uku ta hanyar spools a tsaye da tashar don bawul ɗin kewayawa. Ana rufe saman da kasa na shari'ar tare da ingantaccen murfin aluminum. Jiragen haɗin haɗin murfin da jiki an rufe su tare da gaskets kuma an ƙarfafa su tare da sukurori.

Mai rarraba ruwa MTZ 80(82) R75-33R

Mai rarraba yana da layin aiki guda uku don samar da ruwa mai aiki, wanda yake daidai da yanayin canza matsayi na spools; layin fitarwa "B" - yana haɗuwa da cavities na bawuloli na kewayawa da spools, layin magudanar ruwa "C" - ya haɗu da buɗewar spools, layin sarrafawa na bawul ɗin kewayawa "G" yana wucewa ta cikin gidaje masu rarraba da ramuka a cikin spools, An haɗa bututun da aka haɗa da bawul ɗin kewayawa 14 Piston na bawul ɗin kewayawa yana sanye take da jet 13 na maƙura don ƙirƙirar ɗigon matsa lamba a cikin tashar fitarwa da cavities a ƙarƙashin piston, wanda ke tabbatar da buɗewa a cikin tsaka tsaki.

Coils suna toshewa da buɗe layukan aiki tare da ramukan magudanar ruwa. Ana gudanar da gudanarwa ta amfani da levers, waɗanda ke kan murfin ƙasa na mai rarrabawa. Ana haɗuwa da levers zuwa spools ta hanyar shinge mai siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar 9.

Yadda yake aiki

Kowane ganga, ya danganta da wurin da aka saita, yana aiki ta hanyoyi huɗu:

• "Matsakaici": Matsakaicin matsayi tsakanin saman "sama" da "ƙasa" matsayi. Bawul ɗin wucewa yana buɗe kuma yana fitar da ruwan aiki zuwa magudanar ruwa. Spools suna toshe duk tashoshi, suna daidaita matsayin da aka saita a baya na masu aikin hydraulic.
• "Tashi": matsayi mafi girma na farko bayan "tsaka-tsaki". Bawul ɗin kewayawa yana rufe kogon magudanar ruwa. Spool ta wuce mai daga tashar fitarwa zuwa layin ɗaga Silinda.
• "Tsarin saukowa" - matsayi mafi ƙasƙanci kafin ƙarshen "mai iyo". Bawul ɗin kewayawa yana rufe kogon magudanar ruwa. Spool ta wuce mai daga tashar fitarwa zuwa layin dawowa na silinda mai ruwa.
• "Mai iyo" - matsayi mafi ƙasƙanci na lever. Bawul ɗin kewayawa yana buɗewa yana fitar da ruwan aiki daga famfo zuwa magudanar.A cikin wannan matsayi, ruwan aiki yana gudana cikin yardar kaina a cikin kwatance biyu daga duka cavities na hydraulic cylinder. Na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa Silinda yana a cikin wani free matsayi da kuma mayar da martani ga aikin na waje yanayi da kuma ga na'ura ta nauyi. Don haka, yana ba da damar gawawwakin injin ɗin su bi ƙasa lokacin da ake noman ƙasa da kiyaye zurfin noman ƙasa.

Spool retainer aiki

An yi amfani da spools tare da bawul na bazara 3 don dawowa ta atomatik zuwa matsayi na tsaka-tsaki da ƙwallon ƙwallon da ke riƙe su a matsayin da aka zaɓa. Ana kunna bawul ɗin ƙwallon ƙafa ta atomatik lokacin da matsa lamba a cikin tsarin ya wuce 12,5-13,5 MPa. Matsin lamba mai yawa yana faruwa lokacin da silinda na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa ya kai matsayi na ƙarshe a cikin madaidaicin ɗagawa tilastawa da ragewa, da kuma lokacin da tsarin ya cika nauyi.

Mai rarraba hydraulic yana sanye take da na'urar taimakon gaggawa na gaggawa 20. An daidaita bawul ɗin aminci don sauƙaƙe matsa lamba akan 14,5 zuwa 16 MPa. Ana yin gyare-gyare ta hanyar dunƙule 18, wanda ya canza matakin matsawa na bazara na ball valve 17. Na'urar ta haifar da lokacin da tsarin ya kasa - spool na na'ura da na'urar wucewa ta kasa.

Matsalolin gama gari na masu rarraba MTZ

Abin da aka makala baya dagawa

Ana iya haifar da wannan ta hanyar tarkace da ke shiga tsarin na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa a ƙarƙashin bawul ɗin kewayawa. A wannan yanayin, bawul ɗin kewayawa ba ya rufe - ruwa mai aiki yana shiga cikin rami na magudanar ruwa. Dillalin ba ya mayar da martani ga canza matsayi na reels. Cire: Cire kusoshi biyu akan murfin bawul ɗin wucewa, cire bazara tare da bawul kuma cire tarkace.

A cikin halin da ake ciki na rashi ko raguwa a cikin nauyin nauyin nauyin lantarki na tarakta, tare da overheating na man fetur a cikin tsarin, bayyanar sautin murya a cikin matsayi na "ɗagawa" yana nuna raguwa a matakin man fetur da zubar da iska a ciki. tsarin.

Haɗe-haɗe baya kulle a matsayi da aka ɗaga

Dalilin shi ne depressurization na high-matsi na na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa hoses da na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa couplings, lalacewa na matsawa hatimi na piston ko sanda na ikon na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa Silinda, lalacewa na hawa spools, bayyanar bawo a kan kewaye bawul wanda ya hana bawul. daga rufewa sosai.

Ba ya raguwa, baya ɗaga haɗe-haɗe

Dalili kuwa shi ne toshewar layukan aiki na masu rarrabawa ya toshe hanyoyin man. Daidaita kwararar mai ba zai yiwu ba. Kashe: tarwatsawa da zubar da ruwa, da tsaftace layin, da kuma gano aikin bawuloli.

Abin da aka makala ya faɗi ƙasa sosai

Wannan yana nuna raguwar matsa lamba a cikin tsarin; idan akwai fashewar bututun mai da raguwa a cikin matakin ruwa mai aiki, iska mai karfi na tsarin. Kashe: maye gurbin bututun da suka lalace, duba tsananin haɗin tsarin, ƙara mai zuwa matakin da ake buƙata.

Tsarkakewa ta atomatik baya aiki lokacin da aka ɗaga ko saukar da silinda mai ƙarfi

Dalilin shi ne rashin aiki na bawul ɗin ball "spool matsayi kulle kansa". Share; kwakkwance, maye gurbin sawa bawul sassa da hatimi.

bincikowa da

Ana duba mai rarrabawa bayan an duba aikin sheh hydraulic famfo na tsarin a gwargwadon saurin injin, saita adadin ruwan aiki da aka bayar a cikin lita a cikin minti daya na aiki. An haɗa na'urar KI 5473 zuwa abubuwan aiki na naúrar maimakon silinda na hydraulic. Juya lever mai hawa zuwa wurin "ɗagawa". Idan darajar ta ragu da fiye da lita 5 a minti daya, dillalin ya bar don gyarawa.

Na'urar don bincikar mai rarraba ruwa.

Haɗin mai rarraba ruwa

A kan MTZ 82 (80), toshe yana kan bangon gaba a cikin ɗakin a ƙarƙashin dashboard. An haɗa maƙallan sarrafawa zuwa spools ta hanyar axis, kuma sanduna suna bayyana a gefen dama na panel. Zane na mai rarrabawa yana ba da damar, lokacin motsi naúrar zuwa wani wuri ko shigar da shi a kan wasu nau'ikan tarakta, don canza wurin levers ta hanyar sake shigar da murfin tare da kantuna don levers a gefe guda na gidaje masu rarraba. Don sauƙi haɗi zuwa na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa da kayan aiki na na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa, da karshen sassan naúrar da m gaba da gefen kantuna don dagawa da kuma ragewa. Bugu da ƙari, haɗin lokaci guda zuwa kantuna biyu na spool yana ba da damar sarrafa nau'in silinda guda biyu na lokaci guda.

The threaded ramukan, alama tare da harafin "P", haɗa da bututu nufi ga dagawa rami na na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa Silinda, da sauran ramukan haɗa da bututu a haɗa da ragewa rami.

Don haɗin kai na hermetic na bututu, an rufe kayan aiki tare da wanki na jan karfe da zoben roba - gland na USB. A matsayin ma'auni, spool ɗaya mai rarraba yana haɗa da silinda mai wutan lantarki na haɗin haɗin motar tarakta, kuma ana amfani da spools guda biyu don fitar da kayan aikin ruwa mai nisa.

Idan babu sassan uku na mai rarraba don tuki na hydraulic da sarrafa kayan aiki, an shigar da ƙarin mai rarraba akan tarakta. Akwai hanyoyin haɗin kai guda biyu: haɗin kai da layi ɗaya.

A cikin akwati na farko, ana gudanar da samar da mai rarraba ruwa na biyu daga ɗaya daga cikin sassan babban mai rarrabawa wanda ke haɗa tashar lif tare da tashar fitarwa na mai rarraba na biyu. Maɓallin dawowa na ruwa mai aiki, wanda spool na babban taro ke amfani da shi don ƙarin samar da mai rarrabawa, an rufe shi da filogi. Hakanan magudanar magudanar ruwa na mai rarraba na biyu kuma an haɗa shi da tankin hydraulic na tsarin. Ana kunna bawul ɗin ta hanyar sanya spool da aka haɗa a cikin matsayi na "ɗagawa". Don haka, ana samun rafukan aikin sarrafawa guda biyar don kunna kayan aikin hydraulic. Rashin hasara shine asarar wurin aiki da kuma dogara ga aikin mai rarraba na biyu akan yanayin fasaha na kumburi na farko.

Ana haɗa haɗin layi ɗaya ta hanyar shigar da tef na hydraulic mai hawa uku a cikin babban layin matsi daga famfo. Bawul ɗin yana raba jimlar ruwan mai aiki zuwa guda biyu don haɗa raka'a biyu kuma yana ba ku damar canza kwararar mai. Lokacin canjawa daga wannan mai rarraba zuwa wani, ana canza amfani da mai daidai ta hanyar famfo. Ana haɗa bututun magudanar ruwa da ke fitowa daga masu rarrabawa tare da tela, idan tarakta yana amfani da na'urar sarrafa wutar lantarki, ana haɗa mai rarrabawa zuwa mai sarrafa. Tashar ta biyu don sarrafa bawul ɗin kewayawa na ƙarin mai rarraba yana toshe tare da filogi. Don haka, tsarin yana karɓar matakan aiki guda shida, uku daga cikinsu suna aiki tare da mai sarrafa wutar lantarki.

Dangane da wurin kayan aikin hydraulic, an sanya ƙarin maɓalli a kan bangon baya na taksi ko a kan bangon dama na gaba maimakon taga kallon ƙasa. Ana motsa taron a waje da taksi, ana motsa levers a ciki.

Har ila yau, ya kamata a lura cewa ana iya amfani da irin wannan nau'in rarrabawa da gyare-gyarensa a matsayin wani ɓangare na tsarin hydraulic YuMZ-6, DT-75, T-40, T-150 da kuma gyare-gyaren su.

A cikin sabon gyare-gyare na MTZ 82 (80), an shigar da analogues na alamar da aka ambata na taron monoblock P80-3 / 4-222 tare da tsarin wutar lantarki da P80-3 / 1-222 ba tare da ka'ida ba.

Mai rarraba sassa da yawa tare da joysticks.

Ana zaɓar sauran samfuran da ƙira na masu rarrabawa lokacin da aka sanye su da ƙarin tsarin injin injin tarakta, la'akari da nau'in aikin da aka yi, manufa da adadin abubuwan da aka makala na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa. Don haka, lokacin amfani da kayan aikin hydraulic tare da adadi mai yawa na raƙuman ruwa, ana amfani da masu rarraba sassa da yawa. Tsarin sarrafawa na reel yana amfani da levers joystick wanda ke ba ku damar sarrafa reels biyu a lokaci guda, haɓaka haɓakar direba da ergonomics na wurin aiki.

R-80 na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa rarrabawa ga MTZ-80 tarakta - na'urar, manufa da kuma yiwu malfunctions.

MTZ 80 tarakta ce ta duniya da aka yi amfani da ita, wadda aka samar a Minsk Tractor Plant tun 1974. Dogon lokaci na samar da wannan na'ura yana da garanti ta hanyar ƙira mai nasara da kuma yiwuwar sake gyara kayan aiki mai yawa tare da ƙarin tarakta na musamman na multifunctional. Yin amfani da haɗin gwiwa na kayan aiki daban-daban shi ne saboda ingantaccen tsarin hydraulic na sashin aikin gona mai inganci, abin dogaro da babban aiki. Ɗaya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan wannan tsarin shine R-80 mai rarraba ruwa don tarakta MTZ 80.

Bugu da kari, fasali na MTZ 80 sun hada da:

• kasancewar motar motar baya;
• wuri na gaba na sashin wutar lantarki;
• adadi mai yawa na gaba da baya (18/4);
• sauƙi na gyarawa da kulawa.

Nasarar ƙirar tarakta, halayen fasaha da haɓakawa sun tabbatar da amfani da MTZ 80 ba kawai a cikin aikin gona ba, har ma a cikin masana'antu, gini, gidaje da sabis na gama gari da gandun daji.

Manufar da tsarin gabaɗaya na tsarin hydraulic MTZ

An tsara tsarin hydraulic na tarakta don sarrafawa da samar da wutar lantarki zuwa wasu kayan aikin da aka shigar da su, wanda za'a iya sanye shi da MTZ 80. An yi shi a cikin nau'i daban-daban kuma ya haɗa da abubuwa masu zuwa:

• kaya famfo;
• mai sarrafa wutar lantarki;
• mai haɓaka hydraulic;
• cylinders tare da raba iko;
• hydrodistributor MTZ;
• fasahar da aka tsara don haɗa kayan aiki;
• kashe wutar lantarki;
• high matsa lamba bututu;
• na'urorin haɗi;
• tankin mai.

Duk da yawan adadin abubuwa da majalisai da aka yi amfani da su a cikin tsarin hydraulic, ƙirar da aka yi a cikin shekaru da yawa na aiki ya sa ya yiwu a gano gazawar da ke tasowa a cikin aiki kuma, sakamakon ingantawa da aka yi, kawar da su.

A halin yanzu, aikin tsarin na'ura mai aiki yana bambanta da babban aminci da babban aiki, wanda ya ba da damar yin amfani da kayan aiki mafi mahimmanci da aka ɗora da kayan aiki don tarakta MTZ 80. An ba da muhimmiyar gudummawa ga wannan ta hanyar P80 mai rarraba hydraulic, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga wannan. , tare da kulawa mai kyau da daidaitawa mai kyau, a zahiri baya buƙatar gyara.

Bukatar mai rarraba ruwa a kan tarakta

Ana amfani da mai rarraba R-80 3/1 222G na nau'in kashi uku a cikin tsarin tsarin hydraulic na Belarus 80 tarakta kuma yana yin ayyuka masu zuwa:

• yana ba da kariya ga tsarin daga nauyin hawan ruwa yayin hawan tilastawa ko ragewa;
• yana rarraba magudanar ruwa mai aiki wanda famfo mai hydraulic ke fitarwa tsakanin nodes na tsarin (na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa, injin hydraulic, da sauransu);
• yana zubar da tsarin a rago tare da fitowar tsaka tsaki lokacin da mai ya shiga cikin tankin mai;
• ya haɗu da ƙarar aiki na silinda na hydraulic tare da magudanar ruwa na tsari (lokacin aiki a cikin tsaka tsaki).

Bugu da ƙari, mai rarraba ruwa na R80 3/1 222G yana aiki a matsayin na'ura mai mahimmanci wanda aka yi gyare-gyare daban-daban don amfani da su a cikin raka'a, masu tonawa da kayan aikin gine-gine.

Ana iya samun halayen fasaha da sigogi na mai rarrabawa a cikin bayanin alamar P80, inda:

• R - mai rarrabawa.
• 80 - kwararar ruwa na watsawa mara kyau (l / min).
• 3 - sigar don matsa lamba na tsari (mafi girman izinin 20 MPa, mara iyaka 16 MPa).
• 1 - nau'in manufar aiki (amfani da kansa a tsarin tsarin hydraulic gaba ɗaya).
• 222 - ganguna na musamman guda uku, waɗanda aka yi bisa ga sigar ta biyu.
• G - makullai na ruwa (duba bawuloli).

Mechanism da aiki na mai rarraba ruwa MTZ 80

Na'urar rarraba ruwa ta ƙunshi manyan sassa masu zuwa:

• lokuta P80 3/1 222G tare da kayan aiki don bawuloli da tashoshi don samar da ruwa mai tsari daga famfo gear da tashoshi don zubar da mai daga cylinders;
• ganguna uku sanye take da kullewa da hanyoyin dawowa ta atomatik;
• murfin babban akwati tare da jagororin spool da aka gina;
• bawul ɗin aminci na musamman.

Ka'idar aiki na na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa rarraba dogara ne a kan cewa lokacin da na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa R80 3/1 222G an haɗa zuwa na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa tsarin a cikin jiki, duk spools da bawul samar da dama hade tashoshi ga nassi na na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa ruwa. Akwai guda uku a duka.

1. Flushing - yana rufe duk spools da bawul na kewaye.
2. Drain - tare da wannan zaɓi, kawai spools an haɗa su kuma wannan tashar yana tabbatar da sakin ragowar ruwa.
3. Sarrafa: Hakanan yana wucewa ta duk spools da bawul ɗin kewayawa, amma an haɗa shi da bututun tsari daga famfo.

Gudanar da spools, bi da bi, da kuma sake jujjuyawar man fetur na watsawa ta hanyar tashoshi masu dacewa suna ba da matsayi daban-daban guda hudu lokacin aiki tare da ƙarin raka'a da kayan aiki. Waɗannan hanyoyin aiki sun haɗa da:

• tsaka tsaki,
• karuwa,
• m yanayi,
• Matsayi mai iyo (raguwa na jikin aiki a ƙarƙashin aikin nauyinsa).

Irin wannan na'urar yana ba da damar, idan ya cancanta, don aiwatar da gyare-gyare daban don kowane yanayin aiki da tsarin haɗin P80.

Matsaloli masu yuwuwar rashin aikin mai rarraba ruwa

Mafi na kowa rashin aiki na R80 3/1 222G na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa tarakta MTZ 80 sun hada da:

• lalacewa na dubawa a cikin jiki-spool na binomial hydraulic bawul;
• cin zarafi a cikin piston na silinda na hydraulic;
• rushewar kayan aikin famfo;
• fashewar tambarin roba;
• zubar da ruwa mai ruwa ta hanyar kayan haɗin kai;
• lalacewar layukan mai.

Zane da tsari na mai rarraba na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa ya ba da damar ma'aikacin injin ya gyara wadannan rashin aiki da hannunsa. Bugu da kari, na'urar gyaran gyare-gyare ta musamman da masana'anta suka ba da shawarar don P80 3/1 222G zai taimaka sauƙaƙe gyare-gyare.

Amintacce kuma tabbataccen ƙira na mai rarraba ruwa na P80 yana ba da damar samun nasarar amfani da shi akan sabon sigar taraktan Belarus 920, da kuma a kan MTZ 3022 multifunctional.

Mai rarrabawa Р80-3/1-222

Dillali ya nema

1. Taraktoci: YuMZ-6, YuMZ-650, YuMZ-652, YuMZ-8080, YuMZ-8280, YuMZ-8070, YuMZ-8270, T-150, KhTZ-153, KhTZ-180, KhTZ-181, MTZ-80 KhTZ-17021, KhTZ-17221, KhTZ-17321, K-710, T-250, T-4, LT-157, MTZ-XA, TB-1, LD-30, LT-157, DM-15, Hydrodistributor MTZ -80, mai rarraba MTZ-82, MTZ-800, MTZ-820, MTZ-900, MTZ-920, DT-75, VT-100, LTZ-55, LT-72, T-40, T-50, T- 60, LTZ-155, T-70, K-703
2. Saukewa: EO-2621
3. Caji: PEA-1,0, PG-0,2, K-701
4. Kayan aikin gandun daji: TDT-55, LHT-55, LHT-100, TLT-100

P80 mai rarraba alama

Misali na alamar (halayen fasaha) na R80-3 / 4-222G na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa bawul:

• R - dillali;
• 80 - bayyana yawan aiki, l / min;
• 3 - matsa lamba (maras kyau - 16 MPa, iyaka - 20 MPa);
• 4 - lambar manufa;
• 222 - adadin juyawa da nau'in su, a cikin wannan yanayin - nau'i uku na nau'in 2;
• G - tare da hatimin ruwa (idan babu su - ba tare da su ba). Na'urori masu da kuma ba tare da hatimin ruwa ba suna iya musanya gaba ɗaya.

Ka'idar aiki na duk bawuloli na hydraulic P 80 daidai ne, farashin a cikin jerin farashin ya dogara da nau'in samfurin (kafin siyan, duba alamar).