VAZ 2104 janareta: jagorar direba
Abubuwa
VAZ 2104 wani samfurin na gida ne, wanda aka samar daga 1984 zuwa 2012. Direbobi na Rasha har yanzu suna fitar da "hudu" a yau, tun da motar ba ta da kyau a cikin aiki kuma tana da araha game da gyarawa. Daya daga cikin manyan abubuwa na 2104 - AvtoVAZ janareta, wanda ke da alhakin aiwatar da dukan mota. Duk da haka, duk da dogon tarihin samfurin, masu mallakar har yanzu suna da tambayoyi da yawa game da aiki, raguwa da gyara wannan ɓangaren kayan.
VAZ 2104 janareta: na'urar manufa
A ƙarƙashin murfin "hudu" akwai hanyoyi da sassa daban-daban, don haka yana da wuya wani lokaci mafari ya fuskanci wasu raguwa. Yana da janareta wanda ke da sha'awa sosai ga VAZ 2104, tun da sauran injiniyoyin motoci suna "raye-raye" daga aikinsa.
Na'ura mai sarrafa kansa wata na'ura ce wacce babban aikinta shine canza makamashi daga injina zuwa wutar lantarki, wato, samar da wutar lantarki. Wato, a zahiri, janareta yana tabbatar da daidaiton aiki na duk kayan lantarki a cikin motar, kuma yana kiyaye matakin cajin baturi.
Don yin aikinsa a cikin gidaje na janareta, aikin yana faruwa:
- Nan da nan bayan direba ya tada motar, makamashi mai alamar ƙari ya wuce ta wurin kunna wuta zuwa sashin aminci, fitilar caji, mai gyarawa kuma yana fita ta hanyar resistor zuwa makamashi tare da alamar ragi.
- Lokacin da hasken kan na'urar kayan aiki a cikin ɗakin ya haskaka game da kunna wutar lantarki, "plus" ya shiga cikin janareta - a kan iska na jan karfe.
- Iskar tana jujjuya siginar kuma tana tura shi zuwa juzu'i ta hanyar makamashin injina.
- Juli yana fara juyawa, yana samar da wutar lantarki.
- Madadin halin yanzu da aka samu ana canja shi zuwa baturi da sauran na'urori a cikin tsarin abin hawa.
Babban halaye na janareta "hudu"
An shigar da janareta na yau da kullun na samfurin G-2104 akan Vaz 222. Wannan na'ura ce ta musamman ta AvtoVAZ tare da ingantaccen aiki. Idan muka magana game da fasaha halaye na G-222 janareta, an bayyana su a cikin wadannan Manuniya:
- Matsakaicin yuwuwar ƙarfin halin yanzu lokacin da rotor ya juya 5000 rpm - 55 A;
- ƙarfin lantarki - har zuwa 14 V;
- ikon - har zuwa 500 watts;
- juyawa na rotor yana faruwa a madaidaiciyar hanya;
- Nauyin na'urar ba tare da juzu'i ba shine kilogiram 4.2;
- girma: tsawon - 22 cm, nisa - 15 cm, tsawo - 12 cm.
An shigar da janareta a kan VAZ 2104 kai tsaye a kan mahallin motar a gefen dama. An fara farawa da janareta ta hanyar motsi na crankshaft nan da nan bayan kunnawa.
Abin da janareta za a iya sa a kan Vaz 2104
Direba ba koyaushe ya gamsu da aikin janareta na VAZ na yau da kullun ba. Abun shine cewa na'urar an ƙera ta ne don ƙayyadaddun kaya, kuma lokacin da aka haɗa ƙarin na'urorin lantarki, ba ta jure aikinta ba.
Saboda haka, masu "hudu" sukan yi tunani game da saka sabon janareta mai ƙarfi, kuma ana iya amfani dashi ba tare da matsala ba:
- ƙarin na'urorin hasken wuta;
- sabon tsarin sauti;
- navigator.
G-222 da G-221 janareta na asali iri ɗaya ne da juna, tare da kawai bambanci shine G-221 yana samar da 5 amperes ƙasa. Saboda haka, ba za a sami ma'ana a cikin irin wannan maye gurbin ba.
Zai fi kyau ga VAZ 2104 don siyan janareta daga KATEK ko KZATEM (Samara Plant). Suna samar da har zuwa 75 A, wanda ya dace da mota. Bugu da ƙari, ƙirar janareta na Samara ya dace da "hudu".
Mafi mashahuri sune masu samar da Yammacin Turai - Bosch, Delphi. Duk da haka, ya kamata a la'akari da cewa ba a tsara hanyoyin VAZ don shigar da kayan aiki na Turai ba, don haka dole ne a sake gyara kayan hawan na'urar.
Masu mallakar VAZ 2104 da kansu suna da ra'ayin cewa ba kawai janareta mai ƙarfi ba ne kawai ake buƙata, amma na'urar da ta dace:
Ina jin cewa janareta mai ƙarfi ba zai magance wannan matsalar ba, muna buƙatar injin janareta wanda bai fi ƙarfi ba, amma tare da ƙarin fitarwa a cikin saurin aiki, amma gaskiyar ita ce duk injin janareto kusan iri ɗaya ne a XX (BOSCH yana da 2A more. , amma kuma yana da tsada sau 5 !!!). , tashin hankali na janareta, rediyo, a ƙarshe ... Za ka iya, ba shakka, kokarin maye gurbin jan hankali a kan janareta tare da karami diamita sabõda haka, janareta shaft yana jujjuya tare da mafi girma yawan juyin juya hali. mashaya bazai isa ba, kuma bel ɗin ba zai iya ɗaurewa ba, Ee, kuma ga bearings na janareta da na'ura mai juyi, jujjuyawar juyi mai ƙididdigewa ba shi da kyau.
Saboda haka, mai mallakar VAZ 2104 yana buƙatar fahimtar abin da burin da yake so ya shigar da sabon janareta don cimma.
Yadda ake haɗa janareta
Janareta da farko na'urar lantarki ce, don haka yana da matukar muhimmanci a haɗa ta daidai. Yawancin lokaci direbobi suna da matsalolin haɗin gwiwa, tun da yawancin wayoyi masu launi daban-daban da kauri dole ne a haɗa su zuwa akwati, kuma dole ne na'urar ta sami polarization daidai.
Hanya mafi sauƙi don haɗa janareta zuwa tsarin mota shine bisa ga wannan makirci. Stator janareta yana da iska mai hawa uku, wanda aka haɗa bisa ga makircin "tauraro". An haɗa relay na cajin baturi zuwa tashar "sifili". Bugu da ari, ana gudanar da haɗin gwiwa bisa ga makirci.
Yadda ake mu'amala da tarin wayoyi
Janareta na'urar lantarki ce, don haka babu wani abin mamaki ganin cewa ana haɗa wayoyi masu launi da yawa a lokaci ɗaya. Don saukakawa, zaku iya amfani da wannan alamar:
- Wayar rawaya ta fito ne daga na'urar siginar fitilar sarrafawa a cikin gidan;
- m launin toka - daga regulator relay zuwa goge;
- lokacin farin ciki - an haɗa shi da relay;
- orange yana aiki azaman ƙarin mai haɗawa kuma yawanci ana haɗa shi tare da siririyar waya mai launin toka yayin shigarwa.
Kayan janareta
Vaz 2104 yana da misali G-222 janareta. Tun 1988, an ɗan gyara kuma an fara kiran shi da alamar 37.3701 (daidai na'urorin da aka shigar a kan Vaz 2108). G-222 da 37.3707 sun bambanta kawai a cikin bayanai na windings, gaban ginannen regulator gudun ba da sanda.
Ana daidaita na'urar zuwa madaidaicin simintin gyaran kafa akan injin tare da kusoshi ɗaya da fil ɗaya. Wannan fastener ya isa don ingantaccen aiki na janareta.
G-222 ya ƙunshi sassa da yawa, amma manyan su ne rotor, stator da murfin.
Rotor
Rotor shine nau'in jujjuyawar janareta. Ya ƙunshi shinge tare da farfajiyar corrugated. An ɗora hannun hannu na ƙarfe da sanduna a kan ramin, waɗanda tare suka zama ainihin filin lantarki.
Mai juyi yana jujjuyawa cikin ƙwallo biyu. Yana da mahimmanci cewa an rufe bearings, wato, ba sa buƙatar ƙarin lubrication. Saboda haka, idan sun karya a kan lokaci, yana da sauƙi don maye gurbin su.
Kura
Hakanan ana shigar da juzu'i akan ramin rotor. Akwai ramuka elongated guda uku a saman fasinja - wannan wani muhimmin tsarin tsari ne don samun iska na janareta da kariya daga na'urar daga zafi mai zafi. Juli yana karɓar kuzarin jujjuyawa daga crankshaft kuma yana tura shi zuwa na'ura mai juyi.
Stator tare da windings
An yi stator da faranti na ƙarfe na lantarki. Ana haɗa dukkan faranti zuwa gaba ɗaya ta hanyar walda. Ana shigar da iskar waya ta jan ƙarfe a cikin tsagi na musamman na samfurin. Bi da bi, kowane daga cikin uku windings an raba shi zuwa shida.
Relay mai sarrafawa
Regulator relay faranti ne mai kewayen lantarki. Babban aikin wannan farantin shine sarrafa wutar lantarki a fitowar harka, don haka an haɗa kashi a bayan janareta.
Shafe
Brushes sune manyan abubuwan da ke cikin tsarin samar da wutar lantarki. Ana manne su a cikin abin buroshi kuma suna kan stator.
Gadar Diode
Gada diode (ko mai gyara) tsari ne hade da diodes guda shida, waɗanda aka gyara a daidai nisa akan allo ɗaya. Ana buƙatar mai gyara don aiwatar da canjin halin yanzu da mai da shi tabbatacce, tsayayye. Don haka, idan akalla daya daga cikin diodes ya gaza, za a sami matsala a aikin janareta.
Yadda ake duba janareta
Dubawa na janareta a kan Vaz 2104 za a iya yi ta hanyoyi da dama. Bincike tare da oscilloscope ko a tsaye ya haɗa da tuntuɓar ƙwararru, don haka bari mu yi la'akari da mafi sauƙi hanyar tabbatarwa-da-kanka.
Don duba janareta, kuna buƙatar na'urori masu zuwa:
- multimita;
- kwan fitila tare da wayoyi masu sayarwa;
- wayoyi don haɗawa tsakanin janareta da baturi.
Hanyar tabbatarwa
Bayan motar ta huce, zaku iya fara dubawa:
- Bude bonnet.
- Haɗa wayoyi na kwan fitila zuwa tashar shigar da janareta da rotor.
- Haɗa wayoyi masu wutar lantarki: korau zuwa tashar "raguwa" na baturi da zuwa ƙasan janareta, tabbatacce ga tashar "plus" na janareta da kuma tashar fitarwa.
- Yana da kyau a haɗa taro na ƙarshe don kada a haifar da gajeren kewayawa a cikin hanyar sadarwa.
- Bayan haka, kunna multimeter, haɗa ɗaya bincike zuwa "plus" na baturi, ɗayan zuwa "rage" baturin.
- Bayan haka, fitilar gwajin ya kamata ta haskaka.
- Multimeter ya kamata ya nuna kusan 12.4 V.
- Na gaba, kuna buƙatar tambayar mataimaki don jujjuya janareta. A lokaci guda, zaka iya kunna na'urorin hasken wuta akan VAZ.
- Karatun multimeter bai kamata ya faɗi ko tsalle da ƙarfi ba. Yanayin aiki na yau da kullun na janareta yana daga 11.9 zuwa 14.1 V, idan alamar ta kasance ƙasa, ba da daɗewa ba janareta zai gaza, idan ya fi girma, to batirin yana iya tafasa.
Bidiyo: hanyar gwaji akan janareta da aka cire
An haramta:
- duba janareta ta gajeriyar kewayawa, wato, ta hanyar “haske”;
- gwada aikin janareta tare da katse batir.
Laifi a cikin aiki: alamun matsalolin da yadda za a gyara su
Alas, a cikin zane na kowane mota babu irin wannan dalla-dalla cewa ba da jimawa ba zai fara "aiki". Janareta VAZ 2104 yawanci yana da tsawon rayuwar sabis, amma wannan baya nufin cewa na'urar zata yi aiki koyaushe a yanayin al'ada.
Direba yana buƙatar kula da duk alamun rashin aiki a cikin aikinsa don kawar da su cikin lokaci da aminci.
Me yasa hasken mai nuna caji ya kunna akan faifan kayan aiki?
A gaskiya ma, wannan shine aikin kwan fitila - don nuna alamar direba a lokacin da babu isasshen caji a cikin tsarin. Duk da haka, kwan fitila ba koyaushe yana aiki ba saboda wannan dalili:
- bel mai canzawa ya fara zamewa - wajibi ne a dakatar da daidaita yanayin tashin hankali;
- akwai lalacewa a cikin relay na fitilar sarrafawa, don haka ba ya aiki daidai - kana buƙatar "ring" relay kuma tabbatar da cewa yana aiki yadda ya kamata;
- karya a cikin iska - dole ne ku tarwatsa janareta, tsaftace duk hanyoyin haɗin yanar gizo kuma, mai yiwuwa, canza mai sarrafawa zuwa wani sabo;
- gogewa sun ƙare - wajibi ne a maye gurbin su da sababbin;
- gajeriyar kewayawa a cikin ɗayan diodes masu gyara - zai zama dole ko dai canza diodes, ko gadar diode gaba ɗaya.
Me yasa baturin baya caji yayin tuki?
Daya daga cikin na kowa matsaloli a kan Vaz 2104. Lalle ne, wannan rashin lafiyan sau da yawa samu a kan G-222 janareta, wanda, a lokacin al'ada aiki, ba ya cajin baturi saboda da dama dalilai:
- bel mai canzawa ya rasa tashin hankali - wajibi ne a daidaita shi;
- a lokacin aiki, ƙuƙwalwar igiya ta ƙare tsakanin janareta da baturin da aka saki - wajibi ne don tsaftace lambobin sadarwa, idan ya cancanta, maye gurbin wayoyi masu lalacewa;
- Baturin ya yi kuskure - idan matsalar caji ta bayyana nan da nan bayan maye gurbin baturin, to bai kamata ku zargi janareta ba, mai yiwuwa, kawai kuna buƙatar sake siyan sabon baturi;
- lalacewa ta bayyana a cikin mai sarrafa wutar lantarki - tsaftace duk lambobin sadarwa kuma tabbatar da cewa wayar ba ta da kyau.
Bidiyo: neman dalilan rashin cajin baturi
Me ke sa baturi ya zube
Ana iya ɗaukar tafasa kashe baturin mataki na ƙarshe na "rayuwar" baturin. Bayan haka, ko da bayan an sake mai, babu tabbacin cewa baturin zai yi aiki kullum:
- mummunar hulɗar tsakanin "ƙasa" da gidaje masu kula da wutar lantarki - kana buƙatar mayar da lambar sadarwa, idan ya cancanta, maye gurbin tashoshi;
- lalacewa ga mai sarrafawa - yana da kyau a maye gurbin shi da sabon abu nan da nan;
- rashin aiki a cikin baturin kanta - maye gurbin baturin kawai zai adana.
Ƙarar ƙararrawa yayin da janareta ke gudana - yana da kyau ko mara kyau
Duk hanyoyin da ke da sassa masu motsi yawanci suna yin hayaniya yayin aiki. Kuma janareta Vaz 2104 ba banda. Duk da haka, idan direban ya fara lura cewa wannan hayan yana ƙara girma kowace rana, zai zama dole a gano dalilin haka:
- Naman goro a kan juzu'in ya sassauta - dole ne a daidaita janareta a sarari a wuri ɗaya, don haka dole ne ku ƙara ɗaure shi;
- bearings ya fadi - ana bada shawara don tarwatsa janareta kuma canza bearings akan rotor;
- akwai wani ɗan gajeren kewayawa a cikin iska - ya kamata ku canza duk stator nan da nan;
- goge creaked - wajibi ne don tsaftace saman su da lambobin sadarwa.
Gyaran janareta akan Vaz 2104
Hasali ma, gyaran janareta na mota ba shine aiki mafi wahala ba. Yana da mahimmanci don cirewa da kuma kwance na'urar yadda ya kamata, kuma maye gurbin ƙonawa ko sawa sassa yana da hankali. Saboda haka, masu ababen hawa sun ce aikin gyaran G-222 yana cikin ikon ko da direban da bai taɓa kwance janareta ba.
Cire janareta daga motar
Don aiki, kuna buƙatar shirya a gaba mafi ƙarancin kayan aikin:
- ƙuƙwalwar buɗewa don 10;
- ƙuƙwalwar buɗewa don 17;
- buɗaɗɗen maƙarƙashiya 19.
Bayan motar ta huce, zaku iya fara wargazawa. Hanyar tana da sauƙi kuma baya buƙatar takamaiman ilimi a fagen kayan aikin lantarki:
- Cire dabaran daga gefen dama na gaba na abin hawa.
- Tabbatar cewa motar tana amintacce akan jack.
- Ja jiki a gefen dama kuma nemo akwati janareta.
- Sake ƙananan goro mai hawa, amma kar a kwance shi tukuna.
- Sake goro a kan ingarma a gefen sama, kuma ba tare da cire shi ba tukuna.
- Bayan haka, zaku iya zazzage gidan janareta akan injin - ta wannan hanyar an kwance bel ɗin, ana iya cire shi daga ɗigon ba tare da lalacewa ba.
- Cire haɗin wayar da ke fitowa daga fitowar janareta.
- Cire haɗin wayar daga iska.
- Cire waya daga goge.
- Cire ƙananan kwayoyi da na sama.
- Jawo janareta zuwa gare ku, cire shi daga sashin injin.
Bidiyo: umarnin wargaza
Na'urar na iya zama datti sosai, don haka kafin a haɗa shi, ana ba da shawarar goge akwati. Lalle ne, a lokacin rarrabuwa, ƙura na iya shiga sassa na ciki kuma ta kai ga ɗan gajeren lokaci.
Yadda ake kwance janareta
Mataki na gaba na aiki yana buƙatar canjin kayan aiki:
- ƙuƙwalwar buɗewa don 19;
- maɓallin spanner don 19;
- ratchet (zaka iya ƙara igiya mai tsawo);
- kai 8;
- kai 10;
- kananan mallet.
Kafin ƙaddamar da gidaje na janareta, kuma dole ne a shirya kwantena waɗanda za ku sanya ƙananan sassa (kwayoyi, washers, screws). Kuna iya ma sanya hannu daga wane injin an cire wasu sassa, ta yadda daga baya zai yi sauƙi a haɗa janareta baya:
- Mataki na farko shine kwance goro huɗun akan murfin baya.
- Bayan haka, cire abin wuya, saboda wannan kuna buƙatar kwance goro na ɗaurin sa.
- Bayan jiki za a iya raba kashi biyu. Wani sashi yana fitowa cikin sauƙi daga ɗayan. A sakamakon haka, janareta ya rushe zuwa stator tare da iska da kuma rotor.
- Cire abin juyi daga rotor - yawanci yana fitowa cikin sauƙi. Idan akwai wahala, zaku iya buga shi da guduma.
- Cire rotor tare da bearings daga cikin gidaje.
- Rage stator zuwa sassa, ƙoƙarin kada ku taɓa iska.
Bidiyo: umarnin don kwance na'urar
Yadda ake gyara janareta
Bayan tsarin rarraba na'urar, kuna buƙatar bincika kowane sashi a hankali. Ana buƙatar maye gurbin sashi idan:
- an rufe shi da murfin konewa da toka;
- Ana iya ganin lalacewa mai nauyi;
- akwai tsage-tsalle da santsi a saman;
- kamanni ya lalace.
Don haka, don aiwatar da cikakken gyare-gyare, ya zama dole a maye gurbin hanyoyin janareta da suka gaza da sababbi. Yanzu yana da wuya a sami abubuwa masu dacewa akan VAZ 2104, don haka yana da daraja nan da nan kimanta yiwuwar aikin gyarawa. Wataƙila yana da sauƙi don siyan janareta na asali fiye da ɓata lokaci don neman abubuwan da suka dace?
Dangane da nesa na yankuna daga Moscow, G-222 za a iya kimanta tsakanin 4200 da 5800 rubles.
Idan an zaɓi hanyar gyara na'urar, zai zama dole don tabbatar da cewa duk abubuwan da aka gyara sun kasance daidai da daidaitattun abubuwa. Ko da ɗan bambanci daga ɓangaren "ƙasa" na iya haifar da rashin aiki na janareta har ma da lalacewa.
Maye gurbin hanyoyin yayin haɗa na'urar a cikin tsarin baya.
Bidiyo: umarnin gyarawa
Generator kafa bel don VAZ 2104
Saboda dogon tarihi na "hudu", an shigar da nau'ikan bel guda biyu akan motar:
- Belin tsohon salon ya kasance santsi, saboda ɗigon tuƙi suma suna da fili mai santsi.
- Belin sabon samfurin an yi shi ne da roba mai ƙarfi kuma yana da hakora, yayin da aka fara yin tuƙi tare da hakora don haɗin haɗin gwiwa mafi aminci.
Idan muka yi magana game da sabon nau'in belts, to, masu motoci sun fi son shigar da samfurori daga masana'antun Jamus Bosch - suna da matsakaicin rayuwar sabis kuma suna jin dadi a kan "hudu".
Belin mai canzawa na yau da kullun yana auna kilo 0.068 kuma yana da girma masu zuwa:
- tsawon - 250 mm;
- nisa - 8 mm;
- kauri - 2 mm.
Daidaitaccen tashin hankali na bel
Tambayar ta taso sosai game da yadda za a ɗaure bel bayan maye gurbin ko gyara janareta, saboda nasarar na'urar zai dogara da wannan. Dole ne ku bi umarni masu zuwa:
- Shigar da madaidaicin wuri ta hanyar matsar da ƙwaya biyu masu ɗaure rabin hanya.
- Wajibi ne don ƙarfafa kwayoyi har sai bugun jini na gidan janareta bai wuce 2 cm ba.
- Saka mashaya pry ko kauri mai tsayi tsakanin madaidaitan gidaje da gidan famfo na ruwa.
- Saka bel a kan jakunkuna.
- Ba tare da sassauta matsa lamba na dutsen ba, ƙara bel.
- Na gaba, matsa saman na goro yana tabbatar da janareta.
- Bincika matakin tashin hankali na bel - bai kamata ya kasance mai tsauri ba ko, akasin haka, sag.
- Takara gindin goro.
Don tabbatar da cewa bel yana da digiri na aiki na tashin hankali, ya zama dole don sayar da sarari kyauta tare da yatsa bayan kammala aikin. Rubber ya kamata ya ba da ba fiye da 1.5 centimeters ba.
Saboda haka, za mu iya cewa kai da janareta a kan Vaz 2104 ne quite yiwu kuma ba ya cikin category na ba zai yiwu ayyuka. Yana da mahimmanci a bi shawarwarin da algorithms na wani aiki na musamman don yin gyare-gyare ko bincike a cikin inganci.
