Waya zane VAZ 2101: abin da boye da wayoyi da shekaru hamsin da tarihi
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Waya zane VAZ 2101: abin da boye da wayoyi da shekaru hamsin da tarihi

Faɗin ƙasa na Tarayyar Soviet ya hana ci gaban fasaha da zamantakewar ƙasar. A cikin bude tallace-tallace, babu buƙatar adadin motoci ga duk wanda ya yi mafarkin sufuri na sirri. Don saduwa da buƙatun, shugabancin ƙasar ya yanke shawara na asali: an zaɓi samfurin Fiat 124 a matsayin samfurin motar gida, a matsayin mafi kyawun motar 1967. Siffar farko ta motar fasinja ana kiranta VAZ 2101. Tsarin ƙirar, dangane da ƙirar injiniyoyin Fiat na Italiya, tuni a matakin samarwa an ba shi lambar yabo ta duniya ta Golden Mercury don gudummawar da take bayarwa ga ci gaban al'umma.

Waya zane VAZ 2101

Karamin VAZ 2101 sedan ya bambanta da takwaransa na Italiya a cikin wani gyare-gyaren ƙira don yanayin manyan hanyoyin tsakuwa. Don ingantaccen aiki na " dinari", injiniyoyi sun ƙaddamar da watsawa, chassis, ganguna na birki zuwa sauye-sauye kuma sun ƙarfafa kwandon kama. Kayan lantarki na samfurin farko na Volga Automobile Plant an kiyaye shi daga asali, kamar yadda ya dace da bukatun da yanayin fasaha na aiki.

Waya zane VAZ 2101: abin da boye da wayoyi da shekaru hamsin da tarihi
Zane na VAZ 2101 ya kwatanta da kyau tare da Italiyanci mota Fiat

Waya zane VAZ 2101 (carburetor)

Injiniyoyi na farko na Zhiguli sun yi amfani da daidaitaccen da'ira mai waya ɗaya don haɗa masu amfani da makamashin lantarki. Waya "tabbatacce" tare da ƙarfin aiki na 12 V ya dace da duk na'urori, firikwensin da fitilu. Waya "mara kyau" na biyu daga baturi da janareta yana haɗa masu amfani na yanzu ta hanyar jikin karfe na mota.

Abubuwan da ke cikin tsarin lantarki

Babban abubuwa:

  • tushen wutar lantarki;
  • masu amfani na yanzu;
  • relays da sauyawa.

Daga wannan jeri, an bambanta kewayon manyan tushe da masu amfani na yanzu:

  1. Tsarin samar da wutar lantarki tare da baturi, janareta da mai sarrafa wutar lantarki.
  2. Injin farawa tsarin tare da wutar lantarki.
  3. Tsarin kunna wuta wanda ya haɗu da abubuwa da yawa: na'urar kunna wuta, mai karya lamba, maɓalli, walƙiya da walƙiya.
  4. Haske da fitilu, masu juyawa da relays.
  5. Sarrafa fitilu a kan faifan kayan aiki da na'urori masu auna firikwensin.
  6. Sauran kayan aikin lantarki: injin wanki, gilashin gilashi, injin dumama da ƙaho.
Waya zane VAZ 2101: abin da boye da wayoyi da shekaru hamsin da tarihi
Rubutun launi yana sauƙaƙa nemo takamaiman masu amfani da wutar lantarki tsakanin sauran abubuwa

Lambobin matsayi na abubuwan da'ira na lantarki a kan babban zane na Vaz 2101:

  1. Babban fitilu.
  2. Manuniya na gaba.
  3. Alamun jagora na gefe.
  4. Batirin mai tarawa.
  5. Relay na fitilar sarrafawa na cajin mai tarawa.
  6. Relay na haɗa da fitilolin fitilun mota masu wucewa.
  7. Relay don kunna manyan fitilun katako.
  8. Generator.
  9. Farawa.
  10. Hood fitila.
  11. Spark toshe
  12. firikwensin haske na faɗakarwar matsa lamba mai.
  13. Ma'aunin zafin jiki mai sanyaya.
  14. Alamun sauti.
  15. Mai rarrabawa.
  16. Motar goge gilashin iska.
  17. Sensor na fitilar sarrafa matakin ruwan birki.
  18. Nunin igiya.
  19. Motar wanki ta iska.
  20. Mai sarrafa wutar lantarki.
  21. Injin mai zafi.
  22. Hasken akwatin safar hannu.
  23. Ƙarin resistor don injin hita.
  24. Toshe soket don fitila mai ɗaukuwa.
  25. Canjin fitilar sarrafa birki.
  26. Dakatar da sigina.
  27. Relay-interrupter na alamomin jagora.
  28. Juyawa hasken wuta.
  29. Fuse toshe.
  30. Relay-breaker na fitilar sarrafawa na birki na parking.
  31. Wiper gudun ba da sanda.
  32. Motar mai zafi.
  33. Sigarin wuta.
  34. Hasken wuta yana cikin ginshiƙan ƙofar baya.
  35. Hasken wuta yana cikin ginshiƙan ƙofar gaba.
  36. Plafon.
  37. kunna wuta.
  38. Haɗin na'urori.
  39. Ma'aunin zafin jiki mai sanyaya.
  40. Sarrafa fitilun fitilun fitilun katako.
  41. Fitilar sarrafawa don hasken waje.
  42. Sarrafa fitilar fihirisar juyawa.
  43. Fitilar cajin baturi.
  44. Fitilar faɗakarwar mai.
  45. Fitilar faɗakarwar birki da birki.
  46. Manuniya matakin man.
  47. Fitilar ajiyar man fetur.
  48. Fitilar fitulun tari na kayan aiki.
  49. Canjin fitilar gaba.
  50. Juya sigina.
  51. Kaho canji.
  52. Canjin wankin iska.
  53. Mai goge goge.
  54. Canjin hasken waje.
  55. Kayan aiki mai kunna wuta.
  56. Alamar matakin da firikwensin ajiyar man fetur.
  57. Hasken gangar jikin.
  58. Fitilar baya.
  59. Hasken farantin lasisi.
  60. Juyawa fitila.

Ayyukan tsarin lantarki ya dogara ne akan tuntuɓar hanyoyin yanzu da masu amfani da juna. Ana tabbatar da madaidaicin lamba ta matosai masu saurin cire haɗin kai a ƙarshen wayoyi. Matsakaicin dacewa na ƙungiyoyin tuntuɓar ya keɓance shigar ruwa da danshi. Abubuwan da ke da alhakin haɗin wayoyi zuwa baturi, jiki, janareta da mai farawa ana manne da kwayoyi. Haɗin dogara yana keɓance oxidation na lambobin sadarwa.

Waya zane VAZ 2101: abin da boye da wayoyi da shekaru hamsin da tarihi
Ba a yarda da kasancewar murɗaɗɗen wutar lantarki na motar VAZ 2101 ba

Tushen wutar lantarki

A cikin da'irar sel na lantarki gabaɗaya, baturi da maɓalli sune manyan hanyoyin samun ƙarfin lantarki a cikin motar. Idan babu baturi, injin ba zai tashi ba, ba tare da janareta ba, duk hanyoyin hasken wuta da na'urorin lantarki za su daina aiki.

Aikin duk tsarin yana farawa da baturi. Lokacin da aka kunna maɓalli, ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi yana gudana ta cikin wayoyi daga baturi zuwa na'urar motsa jiki na farawa da kuma ta cikin jiki, wanda ake amfani da shi azaman "taron" na lantarki.

Lokacin da aka kunna, mai farawa yana zana na yanzu mai yawa. Kar a riƙe maɓalli a matsayin "Starter" na dogon lokaci. Wannan zai hana zubar da baturi.

Bayan fara injin, na yanzu daga janareta yana ciyar da sauran masu amfani. Wutar lantarki da janareta ke bayarwa ya dogara da adadin juyi na crankshaft, ƙarfin halin yanzu ya dogara da adadin masu amfani da aka haɗa. Don kula da sigogi na yanzu da ake buƙata, an shigar da mai sarrafa wutar lantarki.

Waya zane VAZ 2101: abin da boye da wayoyi da shekaru hamsin da tarihi
Lokacin da injin ke gudana, fitilar sarrafawa tana fita, yana nuna alamar janareta mai aiki

Lambobin matsayi na abubuwan da'ira na lantarki akan zanen haɗin janareta:

  1. Baturi
  2. Iskar injin janareta.
  3. Generator.
  4. Generator stator winding.
  5. Mai gyara janareta.
  6. Mai sarrafa wutar lantarki.
  7. Ƙarin resistors.
  8. zafin jiki ramuwa resistor.
  9. Mayar da hankali
  10. kunna wuta.
  11. Fuse toshe.
  12. Fitilar sarrafa caji.
  13. Relay iko iko fitila.

Idan mai kunnawa ya lalace, ba za a iya kunna injin ɗin ba. Kuna iya samun wannan lalacewa a cikin tsarin VAZ 2101 idan kun ba da isasshen saurin jujjuyawa zuwa crankshaft ta hanyar jujjuya shi da hannu, mirgina tudu ko haɓaka tare da wata mota.

Samfuran farko sun haɗa da crank (wanda aka fi sani da "Mafarin crook") wanda ya ba da izinin fara injin ta hanyar jujjuya ƙugiya da hannu idan baturin ya mutu.

A hanyar, marubucin wannan rubutun ya sami ceto fiye da sau ɗaya ta hanyar "mai farawa" a cikin hunturu. A lokacin rani, ƙarfin baturi ya fi isa don crankshaft. A cikin hunturu, lokacin da zafin jiki a waje shine -30 0C, kafin na tada motar, na murza injin tare da crank. Kuma idan ka rataya dabaran kuma shigar da kayan aikin, za ku iya crank akwatin gear kuma ku watsa daskararrun man gear ɗin. Bayan sati daya da yin parking a sanyaye, motar ta taso da kanta tare da tsangwama ba tare da taimakon waje ba.

Bidiyo: muna fara VAZ 2101 ba tare da farawa ba

VAZ 2101 fara da karkatacciyar mafari

Kwamfutar lasisin

Na gaba mafi mahimmancin na'urorin lantarki sune na'urar wuta da mai rarrabawa tare da jujjuya lamba. Waɗannan na'urori sun ƙunshi lambobin sadarwa mafi ɗorewa a cikin na'urar VAZ 2101. Idan lambobin sadarwa na manyan wayoyi a cikin wutar lantarki da masu rarrabawa suna cikin layi mara kyau, juriya yana ƙaruwa kuma lambobin suna ƙone. Wayoyin suna watsa manyan nau'ikan wutar lantarki, don haka an rufe su a waje tare da rufin filastik.

Yawancin na'urorin lantarki a cikin na'urar VAZ 2101 ana kunna su ta hanyar kunna maɓalli a cikin kunnawa. Aikin na'urar kunna wuta shine kunnawa da kashe takamaiman na'urorin lantarki da fara injin. An haɗa makullin zuwa mashin tuƙi. Wani ɓangare na da'irar wutar lantarki waɗanda fuses ke kiyaye su ana haɗa kai tsaye zuwa baturin, ba tare da la'akari da matsayin maɓalli ba:

Tebur: jerin da'irori da aka canza tare da maɓalli daban-daban a cikin makullin kunnawa VAZ 2101

Matsayi mai mahimmancilive lambaWuraren kewayawa
"Kiliya""30"-"INT"Hasken waje, gogewar iska, hita
"30/1" ba-
"An kashe""30", "30/1"-
"Ignition""30"-"INT"-
"30/1" - "15"Hasken waje, gogewar iska, hita
"Starter""30" - "50"Farawa
"30" - "16"

Don sarrafa aiki, VAZ 2101 yana sanye da kayan aiki. Amintaccen aikin su yana ba direban bayanai game da yanayin abin hawa.

Haɗin haɗin kayan aiki ya ƙunshi alamomi daban-daban tare da kibiyoyi masu faɗi, akwai yankuna masu launi a kan ma'auni don haskaka yanayin iyaka. Karatun mai nuni yana jure jijjiga yayin da yake riƙe tabbataccen matsayi. Tsarin ciki na na'urorin ba shi da hankali ga canje-canjen wutar lantarki.

Waya zane VAZ 2101 (injector)

An yi amfani da tsarin wutar lantarki na carburetor na gargajiya a cikin da'irar kera motoci na Rasha. Sauƙaƙan tsarin carburetor da mafi ƙarancin adadin na'urori masu auna firikwensin sun ba da saiti masu araha don yanayin aiki na injin daban-daban ga kowane direba. Misali, Solex model carburetor cikakken cika da bukatun na mota masu a lokacin hanzari da kuma barga motsi. Rashin ci gaban fasaha da kuma tsadar kayan waje don tsarin allurar mai na dogon lokaci bai ƙyale ƙwararrun masana'antar shuka su canza zuwa samar da man allura ba. Saboda haka, Vaz 2101 ba a samar a factory tare da injector.

Amma, ci gaba, har ma da masu saye na kasashen waje, sun bukaci kasancewar "injector". Tsarin lantarki ya kawar da rashin lahani na sarrafa wutar lantarki da kuma samar da man fetur na carburetor. Da yawa daga baya, an samar da samfura masu kunna wutar lantarki da tsarin allura mai lamba ɗaya daga General Motors don fitarwa tare da injin lita 1,7.

Lambobin matsayi na abubuwan da'ira na lantarki a cikin zane tare da allura guda:

  1. Mai fan na lantarki na tsarin sanyaya.
  2. Toshewar hawa.
  3. Mai sarrafa saurin gudu mara aiki.
  4. Mai sarrafawa.
  5. Octane potentiometer.
  6. Spark toshe
  7. Kunshin kunnawa.
  8. Crankshaft matsayi firikwensin.
  9. Wutar mai na lantarki tare da firikwensin matakin mai.
  10. Tachometer.
  11. Injin duba fitilar sarrafawa.
  12. Relay mai kunna wuta.
  13. Sensor na sauri.
  14. Akwatin bincike.
  15. Nozzle.
  16. Gwangwani tsarkake bawul.
  17. Fuskar allura.
  18. Fuskar allura.
  19. Fuskar allura.
  20. Relay mai kunnawa allurar.
  21. Relay don kunna famfon mai na lantarki.
  22. Gudun bututu mai shigowa.
  23. Hitar bututu mai shiga.
  24. Cika bututu hita fuse.
  25. Oxygen haska.
  26. Coolant zazzabi haska.
  27. Maƙallan matsayin maƙura.
  28. Yanayin zafin iska.
  29. Cikakken firikwensin matsa lamba.

Masu ababen hawa waɗanda ke son ba da kayan aikin motar VAZ 2101 da kansa tare da tsarin samar da mai na allura ya kamata su fahimci wahalar aikin da buƙatar farashin kayan. Don hanzarta aiwatar da maye gurbin carburetor tare da injector, yana da daraja siyan cikakken kayan allurar mai don motocin Vaz na gargajiya tare da duk wayoyi, mai sarrafawa, adsorber da sauran sassa. Domin kada ku zama mai hikima tare da maye gurbin sassa, yana da kyau a saya silinda kai kit daga taron Vaz 21214.

Video: yi da kanka injector a kan Vaz 2101

Ƙarƙashin wayoyi

Wutar lantarki na motar alamar alama tana da sauƙi mai sauƙi da aiki mai dogara. Ana haɗa wayoyi zuwa na'urori masu auna firikwensin, na'urori da nodes masu dacewa. Ana tabbatar da maƙarar haɗin haɗin ta hanyar haɗin haɗin toshe-hannun sauri-sauri.

Za a iya raba dukkan tsarin na'urorin lantarki zuwa daure shida na wayoyi:

Ƙarƙashin wayoyi na kaho na iya haɗawa da dam ɗin gaba na wayoyi, wayoyi don alamun jagora da baturi. Manyan na'urori masu auna firikwensin da kayan aikin suna cikin sashin injin:

Mafi kauri wayoyi masu haɗa jikin mota tare da baturi da injin suna aiki a matsayin samar da wutar lantarki ga waɗannan na'urori. Waɗannan wayoyi suna ɗaukar mafi girman halin yanzu lokacin da aka kunna injin. Don kare haɗin lantarki daga ruwa da datti, wayoyi suna sanye da tukwici na roba. Don hana tarwatsawa da tangling, duk wayoyi an haɗa su kuma an raba su zuwa nau'i daban-daban, waɗanda suke da sauƙi don maye gurbin idan ya cancanta.

Ana lulluɓe kayan doki da tef ɗin mannewa kuma an gyara shi a jiki, wanda ke hana rataye kyauta da kuma kama wayoyi ɗaya ta wurin motsi na sashin wutar lantarki. A wurin wani na'ura ko firikwensin, an raba gungu zuwa zaren masu zaman kansu. Harnesses suna ba da takamaiman tsari don haɗa na'urori, wanda ke nunawa a cikin da'irar lantarki.

Lambobin matsayi na abubuwan da'ira na lantarki akan zanen haɗin kai na VAZ 2101:

  1. Gidan Haske.
  2. Baturi
  3. Generator.
  4. Fuse toshe.
  5. Canjin fitilar gaba.
  6. Sauya
  7. Kulle ƙyallen wuta.
  8. Babban na'urar sigina.

Latches akan tubalan masu haɗin filastik suna tabbatar da amintaccen haɗi, yana hana asarar lamba ta bazata daga girgiza.

igiyar waya a cikin gida

Wurin lantarki na gaba, wanda ke cikin sashin injin, shine babban tsarin samar da wutar lantarki. Ƙaƙwalwar gaba ta shiga cikin motar mota ta hanyar ramin fasaha tare da hatimi a ƙarƙashin sashin kayan aiki. An haɗa tsarin wutar lantarki na gaba zuwa wayoyi na kayan aiki, akwatin fuse, masu sauyawa da kunnawa. A cikin wannan yanki na ɗakin, manyan hanyoyin lantarki suna da kariya ta fuses.

Akwatin fuse yana gefen hagu na sitiyarin. Relays masu taimako suna gyarawa a bayan toshe akan madaidaicin. Amintaccen aiki na VAZ 2101 ya dogara ne akan daidaitaccen aiki na kayan aikin lantarki da relays.

Jerin abubuwan haɗin lantarki da aka kiyaye su ta fuses:

  1. Siginar sauti, fitilun birki, fitilun rufi a cikin gida, fitilun sigari, soket ɗin fitila mai ɗaukuwa (16 A).
  2. Motar dumama, mai goge goge, injin wanki na iska (8A).
  3. Babban fitilar hagu mai tsayi, babban fitilar faɗakarwa (8 A).
  4. Babban fitilar dama mai haske (8 A).
  5. Tsoma katako na fitilar hagu (8 A).
  6. Tsoma katako na hasken wuta na dama (8 A).
  7. Matsayin haske na gefen hagu, hasken matsayi na fitilar baya na dama, fitilar nuna alama, fitilar hasken kayan aiki, fitilar farantin lasisi, fitilar cikin akwati (8 A).
  8. Matsayin fitilun gefen dama, hasken matsayi na fitilun baya na hagu, fitilar wutan sigari, fitilar ɗakin injin (8 A).
  9. Coolant zafin jiki firikwensin, man fetur matakin firikwensin da kuma ajiye nuna alama fitila, mai matsa lamba fitila, parking birki fitila da birki matakin mai nuna alama, baturi matakin fitila, shugabanci Manuniya da su nuna fitila, reversing haske, ajiya dakin fitila ("akwatin safar hannu") ( 8 A).
  10. Generator (cikewar iska), mai sarrafa wutar lantarki (8A).

Ba a ba da shawarar maye gurbin fuses tare da masu tsalle na gida ba. Na'urar waje na iya haifar da rashin aiki na sassan lantarki.

Bidiyo: maye gurbin tsohon akwatin fuse VAZ 2101 tare da analog na zamani

Ana yin canjin na'urori a cikin ɗakin tare da ƙananan wayoyi masu ƙarfin lantarki tare da na'urar roba mai juriya da mai. Don sauƙaƙe matsala, ana yin rufin waya a cikin launuka daban-daban. Don babban bambanci, ana amfani da ɗigon karkace da ɗigon tsayi zuwa saman rufin don a ware gaban wayoyi biyu masu launi iri ɗaya a cikin dam ɗin..

A kan ginshiƙin tuƙi akwai lambobin sadarwa don masu sauyawa don alamar jagora, ƙananan katako da manyan katako, da siginar sauti. A cikin yanayin shagon taro, lambobin sadarwa na waɗannan maɓalli suna lubricated tare da man shafawa na musamman, wanda ba dole ba ne a cire shi yayin gyarawa. Lubrication yana rage gogayya kuma yana hana lamba oxidation da yiwuwar walƙiya.

Lambobin matsayi na abubuwan da'ira na lantarki akan zane mai nuna alamar jagora:

  1. Sidelights.
  2. Alamun jagora na gefe.
  3. Baturi
  4. Generator.
  5. Kulle ƙyallen wuta.
  6. Fuse toshe.
  7. Mai katsewa.
  8. Kunna na'urar sigina.
  9. Sauya
  10. Fitilar baya.

Sigina na tsaka-tsaki na siginonin juyi ana ƙaddara ta hanyar mai katsewa. Ana ba da haɗin ƙasa ta hanyar baƙar fata, haɗin haɗin kai shine ruwan hoda ko orange. A cikin rukunin fasinja, ana haɗa wayoyi:

A gefen hagu na gidan, a ƙarƙashin tabarma na ƙasa, akwai kayan aikin waya na baya. Zare ya tashi daga gare ta zuwa madaidaicin fitilar rufi a cikin ginshiƙin kofa da maɓallin fitilar birki na parking. Reshe zuwa rufin dama yana wucewa a bayan katako na baya tare da kasan jiki, akwai kuma wayoyi masu haɗa ma'aunin firikwensin matakin da ajiyar man fetur. Ana gyara wayoyi a cikin tarin tare da tef ɗin m zuwa ƙasa.

Maye gurbin wayoyi da kanka

Tare da matsaloli masu yawa a cikin tsarin lantarki na mota, ya kamata ku yi tunani game da cikakken maye gurbin wayoyi, kuma ba sassan mutum ba. Lokacin sanya sabbin wayoyi, ba a ba da shawarar haɗa ƙananan wayoyi masu ƙarfi tare da manyan wayoyi masu ƙarfi a cikin dam ɗaya ba. Dogaro da ɗaure wa harka zai keɓance tsinke wayoyi da lalacewar keɓewa. Matsakaicin madaidaicin toshewa zai tabbatar da madaidaicin lamba, wanda zai kawar da abin da ya faru na rushewa da oxidation.

Sauya wayoyi da kansu yana cikin ikon direban mota wanda ke da ilimin zahiri na ma'aikacin lantarki.

Dalilan sauyawa

Adadin aikin ya dogara da matakin mahimmancin dalilin:

Don maye gurbin wani ɓangare na wayoyin lantarki a cikin gida, dole ne ku shirya:

Matakan sauyawa

Kafin fara aiki, ya kamata ka zana wurin da wayoyi suke da madaidaicin facin.

Ya kamata a yi musanya wayoyi daidai da ƙa'idodin aminci da zane na lantarki:

  1. Cire haɗin baturin.
  2. Cire abubuwan ado na filastik a cikin gida.
  3. Ƙayyade wurin da tarin wayoyi da ake buƙata.
  4. Alama wayoyi don maye gurbinsu akan zane.
  5. Cire haɗin pads kuma a hankali, ba tare da ja ba, cire tsoffin wayoyi.
  6. Sanya sabbin wayoyi.
  7. Haɗa mashin.
  8. Tabbatar cewa wayoyi sun dace da zane.
  9. Saita abubuwan ado.
  10. Haɗa baturin.

Lokacin da za a maye gurbin wayoyi a kan faifan kayan aiki, bi zane na wayoyi.

Lambobin matsayi na abubuwan da'irar lantarki akan zane na na'urorin sarrafawa:

  1. firikwensin haske na faɗakarwar matsa lamba mai.
  2. Ma'aunin zafin jiki mai sanyaya.
  3. Alamar matakin da firikwensin ajiyar man fetur.
  4. Fitilar ajiyar man fetur.
  5. Fitilar faɗakarwar birki da birki.
  6. Fitilar faɗakarwar mai.
  7. Manuniya matakin man.
  8. Haɗin na'urori.
  9. Ma'aunin zafin jiki mai sanyaya.
  10. Fuse toshe.
  11. kunna wuta.
  12. Generator.
  13. Batirin mai tarawa.
  14. Relay-breaker na fitilar sarrafawa na birki na parking.
  15. Canjin fitilar sarrafa birki.
  16. Na'urar firikwensin matakin birki.

Don kauce wa rikice-rikice mai mahimmanci a cikin wayoyi da kuma gano lalacewa mai ban sha'awa, yana da daraja la'akari da siyan kayan aikin wayoyi don wannan ƙirar tare da duk tubalan, matosai da masu haɗawa.

Bidiyo: maye gurbin wayoyi da shigarwa na kayan aiki daga VAZ 2106

Laifin lantarki VAZ 2101

Ƙididdigar ƙididdiga na kurakuran da aka gano sun bayyana cewa kashi 40% na gazawar injin carburetor ya faru ne saboda hadaddun aiki na tsarin kunnawa.

Rashin gazawar kayan aikin lantarki an ƙaddara ta gani, ta kasancewar ƙarfin lantarki akan lambobi masu dacewa: akwai ko dai na yanzu ko a'a. Ba za a iya tantance ɓarna a gaba ba: ta hanyar ƙwanƙwasawa, ƙwanƙwasawa ko ƙãra sharewa. A cikin abin da ya faru na rashin aiki, gajeriyar kewayawa na iya faruwa a cikin wayoyi da kayan lantarki. Ana iya gano bayyanar rashin aiki mai yiwuwa ta wayoyi masu zafi da narke mai.

Baturin yana da yuwuwar haɗarin wuta. A wurin da baturi 6 ST-55P a cikin injin daki na Vaz 2101 ne kusa da shaye da dama, don haka yana yiwuwa a zafi da baturi banki tare da "+" m, wanda zai kai ga "tafasa" na electrolyte. Shigar da kariyar asbestos tsakanin baturi da yawan shaye-shaye zai hana electrolyte daga tafasawa.

Ya kamata direban mota ya fahimci cewa aikin masu amfani da wutar lantarki ya dogara ne akan abin dogaron ɗaure janareta da mai farawa zuwa gidan injin. Rashin ƙwanƙwasa ɗaya ko rashin isasshen ƙarfin goro zai haifar da nakasar ramuka, cunkoso da karyewar goge goge.

Rashin aikin janareta

Ana bayyana rashin aiki a cikin aikin janareta a cikin rashin isasshen wutar lantarki. A lokaci guda, ƙarfin lantarki yana raguwa kuma fitilar sarrafawa tana haskakawa. Idan madaidaicin ya lalace, za a kashe baturin. Ana gyara kona mai tarawa da goge goge ta direban da kansa ta hanyar maye gurbin gogewa da tsaftace mai tarawa da takarda yashi. Ba za a iya gyara gajeriyar da'ira na iskar stator ba.

Table: yiwuwar janareta malfunctions

MalfunctionDalilin rashin aikiAmsa
Fitilar sarrafawa ba ta haskakawa
  1. Fitilar ta kone.
  2. Bude kewayawa.
  3. Rufe iska.
  1. Sauya
  2. Duba haɗi.
  3. Sauya ɓangarori mara kyau.
Fitilar tana walƙiya lokaci-lokaci
  1. Zamewar bel ɗin tuƙi.
  2. Wayar ƙararrawa ta lalace.
  3. Karke a cikin da'irar wutar lantarki.
  4. Sa goge goge.
  5. Short circuit a cikin iska.
  1. Daidaita tashin hankali.
  2. Sauya relay.
  3. Maido da haɗi.
  4. Sauya mariƙin goga da goga.
  5. Sauya rotor.
Rashin isasshen cajin baturi
  1. Belin ya zame.
  2. Tashoshi oxidized.
  3. Lalacewar baturi.
  4. Rashin wutar lantarki mai daidaitawa.
  1. Daidaita tashin hankali.
  2. Tsaftace jagora da lambobin sadarwa.
  3. Sauya baturi.
  4. Sauya mai daidaitawa.
Ƙara yawan hayaniya yayin aikin janareta
  1. Sako da abin wuya.
  2. Abubuwan da aka lalata sun lalace.
  3. Ciwon goge goge.
  1. Takura goro.
  2. Sauya sashi.
  3. Tsaftace wurin da goga ya dace a cikin jagororin tare da ragin da aka jiƙa a cikin mai.

Hanyar duba janareta mara kyau

Lokacin da fitilar sarrafa baturi ke kunne yayin da injin ke gudana, yakamata a yi gyare-gyare na farko don duba janareta:

  1. Bude murfin.
  2. Da hannu ɗaya, ƙara saurin injin ta latsa magudanar lever.
  3. A daya hannun, cire waya daga “-—” tasha baturin na tsawon daƙiƙa biyu, bayan sassauta naúrar.
  4. Idan janareta ba ya aiki, injin zai tsaya. Wannan yana nufin cewa duk masu amfani suna da ƙarfin baturi.

Idan ya zama dole don tuki a kan VAZ 2101 ba tare da janareta ba, cire fuse No. 10 kuma cire haɗin baƙar fata na batir na cajin wutar lantarki akan filogin "30/51". Tsarin kunnawa zai yi aiki lokacin da ƙarfin lantarki ya sauko zuwa 7 V. A wannan yanayin, kada ku yi amfani da hasken wuta, birki da alamun jagora. Lokacin da aka kunna fitilun birki, injin zai tsaya.

Tare da madaidaicin madaidaici, baturin da aka saba caja yana ba ka damar tuƙi har zuwa kilomita 200.

Na farko model VAZ 2101 an sanye take da wani lantarki lantarki mai kula da PP-380. A halin yanzu, an daina wannan gyare-gyare na mai sarrafa; idan an maye gurbinsa, ana shigar da analogues na zamani. Ba za a iya daidaita mai sarrafawa yayin aiki ba. Ya kamata a yi amfani da na'urar voltmeter don duba aikinta. Hanya mai sauƙi za ta ba da bayani game da yarda da ƙayyadaddun halaye na gyaran wutar lantarki a cikin tsarin kan jirgin:

  1. Fara injin.
  2. Kashe duk masu amfani na yanzu.
  3. Auna ƙarfin lantarki a tashoshin baturi tare da voltmeter.
  4. Aiki na yau da kullun na mai sarrafawa yayi daidai da ƙarfin lantarki na 14,2 V.

Rashin aikin farawa

Mai farawa yana ba da juyawa na farko na crankshaft. Sauƙi na na'urar sa ba ya hana gaskiyar mahimmanci a cikin aikin tsarin tsarin motar gaba ɗaya. Samfurin yana ƙarƙashin gurɓatawa da lalacewa na sassa. Babban ƙarfin juzu'i yana nunawa a cikin yanayin maɗaukaki da ƙungiyoyin sadarwa.

Tebur: rashin aiki mai yiwuwa na farawa

MalfunctionDalilin rashin aikiAmsa
Starter baya aiki
  1. An cire baturin.
  2. Karya a cikin maɓallin kunnawa.
  3. Rashin lamba a cikin wutar lantarki.
  4. Babu lamba lamba.
  5. Hutun iska.
  6. Relay mara kyau.
  1. Yi cajin baturi.
  2. Shirya matsala.
  3. Bincika haɗin kai, tsaftace lambobi.
  4. Tsaftace wurin tuntuɓar goga.
  5. Sauya mai farawa.
  6. Sauya relay.
Mai kunnawa yana juya injin a hankali
  1. Ƙananan zafin jiki (hunturu).
  2. Oxidation na lambobin sadarwa a kan baturi.
  3. An cire baturin.
  4. Rashin haɗin lantarki mara kyau.
  5. Lambobin sadarwa na ƙonawa.
  6. Rashin goge goge mara kyau.
  1. Dumin injin.
  2. Tsaftace.
  3. Yi cajin baturi.
  4. Maida lamba.
  5. Sauya relay.
  6. Sauya goge goge.
Starter yana aiki, crankshaft baya juyawa
  1. Zamewa na solenoid gudun ba da sanda.
  2. M motsi na tuƙi.
  1. Sauya tuƙi.
  2. Tsaftace shaft.
Danna sauti lokacin da aka kunna
  1. Buɗe da'irar iskar mai riƙewa.
  2. Ƙananan baturi.
  3. Wayoyin oxidized.
  1. Sauya relay.
  2. Cajin baturi.
  3. Duba haɗi.

Kafin cire mai farawa don sauyawa ko gyarawa, tabbatar da cewa babu wasu dalilai na biyu da aka nuna a cikin tebur: fitarwar baturi, oxidation na tashoshi da lambobin sadarwa, fasa waya.

Da zarar na yi amfani da Starter a matsayin ƙarfin tuƙi na mota. "Kopeyka" ta tsaya a tsakiyar titi. Famfon mai ya karye. Don kada in tsoma baki tare da sauran masu amfani da hanya, na yanke shawarar matsar da motar ta 'yan mita zuwa gefen hanya. Fita don turawa, tsoro. Saboda haka, na canza zuwa kaya na biyu kuma, ba tare da danna maɓalli ba, na juya maɓalli zuwa mai farawa, amfani da shi azaman motar lantarki. Cikin rawar murya taja motar ta tafi. Don haka, a hankali na janye. Mai sana'anta baya bada shawarar yin amfani da mai farawa don motsi, amma halin da ake ciki yana tilastawa.

Sauran rashin aiki

Lokacin da na'urorin lantarki na gefen da ke cikin murfin mai rarraba wuta sun ƙone, ya kamata a tsaftace su kuma a sayar da faranti don tabbatar da rata mafi kyau tsakanin wutar lantarki da lambar sadarwa na rotor. Idan fashewa ya bayyana akan mahalli mai rarraba daga tsakiya na tsakiya zuwa na'urorin lantarki na gefe, yana da daraja cika fashewa da manne epoxy.

Rashin lahani na fitilun sarrafawa a cikin kayan aiki na kayan aiki da fitilu masu haske suna nuna kanta ba kawai lokacin da filament ya ƙone ba, amma kuma a cikin rashin haɗin gwiwa mai dogara ga ƙasa. Filayen fitilu masu sanyi sun rage juriya. A lokacin da ake kunnawa, wani babban cajin lantarki ya ratsa ta zaren, nan take yana dumama shi. Duk wani girgiza zai iya haifar da karyewar zaren saboda rage ƙarfin injina. Don haka, ana ba da shawarar kunna fitilolin mota lokacin da suke tsaye.

Kona lambobin sadarwa yana faruwa saboda dalilai guda biyu:

  1. Abubuwan da ba su dace ba na halin yanzu suna gudana ta hanyar filaments na fitilu da kuma ta hanyar lambobin sadarwa na na'urorin (voltage, halin yanzu, juriya).
  2. Lambar sadarwar da ba daidai ba.

Lokacin aiki akan kayan lantarki na motar, cire haɗin waya daga mummunan tasha na baturi.

A lokacin samarwa, motar VAZ 2101 ta dace da ka'idodin ta'aziyya, aminci, masana'anta. Babban mahimmanci ga haɓakar ƙira ya ba da gudummawa ga rage yawan farashin kulawa yayin aiki. Daga ra'ayi na direba, samfurin yana da ingantaccen inganci da haɓaka. Tsarin tsari na sassa da kasancewar na'urorin sarrafawa suna sauƙaƙe aiki da kulawa. Gabatar da sabbin fasahohi a cikin da'irar lantarki na mota VAZ 2101 yana wakiltar wani hadadden tsarin wayoyi da na'urorin lantarki, wanda aikin ke da alaƙa. Rashin nasarar ɗayan na'urorin da gazawar lambar sadarwa zai haifar da rashin aiki na gaba ɗaya tsarin.

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