Motar lantarki a tarihi: motocin lantarki na farko | Kyakkyawan baturi

Ana ɗaukar motar lantarki sau da yawa a matsayin ƙirƙira kwanan nan ko motar nan gaba. A gaskiya ma, ya kasance tun daga karni na XNUMX: don haka, gasar tsakanin motocin konewa da motocin lantarki ba sabon abu ba ne.

Na farko samfuri tare da baturi 

Na farko samfurori na motocin lantarki ya bayyana a shekara ta 1830. Kamar yadda ya faru da abubuwa da yawa, masana tarihi ba su iya tantance ainihin kwanan wata da ainihin wanda ya ƙirƙiri motar lantarki ba. Wannan hakika batu ne na jayayya, duk da haka, za mu iya ba da daraja ga wasu mutane kaɗan.  

Da farko, Robert Anderson, wani dan kasuwa dan kasar Scotland, a shekara ta 1830 ya ƙera wani nau'in keken lantarki wanda ke da wutar lantarki ta hanyar lantarki guda takwas waɗanda batir ɗin da ba za su iya caji ba. Sa'an nan, a kusa da 1835, Ba'amurke Thomas Davenport ya ƙera motar lantarki ta farko ta kasuwanci kuma ya ƙirƙiri ƙaramin motsi na lantarki.

Don haka, waɗannan motocin guda biyu masu amfani da wutar lantarki sune farkon abin hawa, amma sun yi amfani da batura marasa caji.

A cikin 1859, Bafaranshe Gaston Planté ya ƙirƙira na farko baturi mai caji gubar acid, wanda masanin lantarki Camilla Fore zai inganta a 1881. Wannan aikin ya inganta rayuwar baturi sosai don haka ya ba motar lantarki kyakkyawar makoma.

Zuwan motar lantarki

Ayyukan da aka yi a kan batura sun haifar da samfurin abin hawa na lantarki na farko.

Da farko mun sami samfurin da Camille Faure ya ƙirƙira a matsayin wani ɓangare na aikinsa akan baturi, tare da takwarorinsa na Faransa Nicolas Raffard, injiniyan inji, da Charles Jeanteau, mai kera motoci. 

Asusun Gustave, injiniyan lantarki da mai ƙirar abin hawa, yana haɓaka motar lantarki Siemens ya haɓaka, sanye da baturi. An fara daidaita wannan injin da jirgin ruwa sannan aka dora shi akan babur mai uku.

A cikin 1881, an gabatar da wannan keken mai keken lantarki a matsayin motar lantarki ta farko a Nunin Wutar Lantarki ta Duniya.

A cikin wannan shekarar, injiniyoyi biyu na Ingilishi, William Ayrton da John Perry, suma sun gabatar da keken keken lantarki. Wannan mota ta fi wacce Gustave Found ya kera: kewayo kusan kilomita ashirin, gudun kilomita 15 cikin sa'a, motar da za ta iya jurewa har ma da fitilolin mota.

Yayin da motar ta yi nasara sosai, wasu masana tarihi sun ɗauka cewa ita ce motar lantarki ta farko, musamman gidan kayan tarihi na Autovision na Jamus. 

Tashi a kasuwa

 A ƙarshen karni na XNUMX, an raba kasuwar mota zuwa injin mai, injin tururi da injin lantarki.

Godiya ga ci gaban da aka samu a fannin kekuna masu uku, motar lantarki za ta zama masana'antu sannu a hankali kuma za ta sami wasu nasarori a fagen ayyukan tattalin arziki, musamman a Turai da Amurka. Lallai, sauran injiniyoyin Faransa, Amurka da Biritaniya, sannu a hankali za su inganta motocin lantarki don inganta aikinsu. 

A cikin 1884 wani injiniyan Burtaniya Thomas Parker rahotanni sun ce ya yi daya daga cikin motocin lantarki na farko, kamar yadda aka gani a hoton da aka sani na farko da ke nuna motar lantarki. Thomas Parker ya mallaki Elwell-Parker, mai kera batura da dynamos.

An san shi ya kera na'urorin da suka yi amfani da tram ɗin lantarki na farko: tram ɗin lantarki na farko na Biritaniya a Blackpool a 1885. Ya kuma kasance injiniyan Kamfanin Railway na Metropolitan kuma ya shiga aikin wutar lantarki na karkashin kasa na Landan.

An fara sayar da motocin farko masu amfani da wutar lantarki, kuma galibin motocin tasi ne don ayyukan birane.

Nasarar tana karuwa musamman a Amurka, inda 'yan New York suka sami damar yin amfani da tasi mai amfani da wutar lantarki na farko tun 1897. Motocin dai na dauke da batirin gubar acid kuma ana cajin su a tashoshi na musamman da daddare.

Godiya ga samfurin Electrobat, wanda injiniya Henry G. Morris da masanin kimiyya Pedro G. Salomon suka kirkira, motar lantarki tana riƙe da kashi 38% na kasuwar motocin Amurka.

Motar lantarki: mota mai ban sha'awa  

Motocin lantarki sun shiga cikin tarihin kera motoci kuma sun sami ɗaukaka mafi girman kwanakinsu, karya rikodin da tsere. A lokacin, motocin lantarki sun zarce masu fafatawa da masu zafi.

A shekara ta 1895, motar lantarki ta shiga cikin gangamin a karon farko. Wannan shine tseren Bordeaux-Paris tare da motar Charles Jeanteau: dawakai 7 da batir Fulmain 38 na kilogiram 15 kowannensu.

A 1899, Camilla Jenatzi ta lantarki mota "La Jamais Contente". Wannan ita ce mota ta farko a tarihi da ta wuce kilomita 100 / h. Don gano abin ban mamaki da ke bayan wannan shigarwa, muna gayyatar ku don karanta cikakken labarinmu kan wannan batu.