Injin Toyota V, 3V, 4V, 4V-U, 4V-EU, 5V-EU
Jerin injuna V ya buɗe sabon shafi a cikin ƙirƙira sabbin samfura masu inganci na raka'o'in wutar lantarki ta injiniyoyin Japan. An yi nasarar maye gurbin manyan na'urorin wutar lantarki na gargajiya da masu sauƙi. A lokaci guda, saitin silinda block ya canza.
Description
A farkon shekarun 60s, injiniyoyi a kamfanin Toyota Motor Corporation sun haɓaka kuma suka samar da jerin sabbin injuna. Injin V shine wanda ya kafa sabon ƙirar kewayon na'urorin wutar lantarki, ya zama injin mai silinda takwas na farko na V mai girman lita 2,6. A wancan lokacin, an yi la'akari da ƙananan ƙarfinsa (115 hp) da karfin juyi (196 Nm).
An tsara shi don babbar motar Toyota Crown Eight, wacce aka shigar daga 1964 zuwa 1967. A farkon 60s, injin silinda takwas ya kasance mai nuna inganci da babban ajin motar.
Kayan siffofi
Tushen Silinda, maimakon simintin ƙarfe, an yi shi ne da farko da aluminum, wanda ya rage nauyin duka naúrar. A ciki (a cikin rushewar toshe) an shigar da camshaft da motar bawul. An gudanar da aikinsu ta hanyar turawa da makamai masu linzami. Kusurwar camber ya kasance 90˚.
An kuma yi kawunan silinda da aluminium gami. Ƙungiyoyin konewa suna da siffar hemispherical (HEMI). Shugaban Silinda mai sauƙaƙan bawul biyu ne, tare da filogi na sama.
Silinda lilin suna jika. Pistons daidai suke. An kara girman rami don zoben goge mai (fadi).
Mai rarraba kunna wuta sanannen mai rabawa ne na yau da kullun.
Ana yin tsarin rarraba iskar gas bisa ga tsarin OHV, wanda ke da tasiri mai kyau akan ƙaddamarwa da sauƙi na ƙirar injin.
Ana daidaita girgizar na biyu ta hanyar aikin pistons na CPG, don haka ba a ba da shigar da ma'aunin ma'auni a cikin toshe ba. A ƙarshe, wannan maganin yana rage nauyin naúrar, kuma ƙirarsa yana sauƙaƙa sosai.
3V mota. An tsara shi daidai da wanda ya gabace shi (V). An yi shi daga 1967 zuwa 1973. Har zuwa 1997, an sanya shi a kan Toyota Century limousine.
Yana da 'yan manyan girma. Wannan ya sa ya yiwu a ƙara bugun piston da 10 mm. Sakamakon yana ƙara ƙarfin ƙarfi, juzu'i da ƙimar matsawa. Motsin injin ya kuma ƙaru zuwa lita 3,0.
A cikin 1967, an maye gurbin mai rarraba na gargajiya da tsarin kunna wutar lantarki. A cikin wannan shekarar, an ƙirƙiri na'urar don kunna fanka mai sanyaya ta atomatik.
A shekarar 1973, an daina samar da injin. Madadin haka, samarwa ya ƙware ingantaccen sigar magabata - 3,4 L. 4V. Ba a adana bayanai kan injunan wannan ƙirar ta musamman ba (ban da abin da aka nuna a cikin Table 1).
An san cewa an sake shi daga 1973 zuwa 1983, kuma an shigar da gyare-gyare a kan Toyota Century har zuwa 1997.
Injin 4V-U, 4V-EU sanye take da na'ura mai canzawa bisa ga ka'idodin Jafananci. Bugu da kari, na'urorin wutar lantarki na 4V-EU, sabanin wadanda suka gabace su, suna da allurar man fetur ta lantarki.
Sabuwar shigarwa a cikin jerin V-jerin ya sami sauye-sauye masu mahimmanci daga takwarorinsa na farko. Matsar da injin 4,0 l. 5V-EU sabanin magabatansa, bawul ne na sama, tare da tsarin rarraba iskar gas da aka yi bisa tsarin SOHC.
An gudanar da allurar mai ta tsarin sarrafa lantarki ta EFI. Ya samar da tattalin arzikin man fetur da kuma rage yawan gubar iskar gas. Bugu da ƙari, fara injin sanyi yana da sauƙin gani.
Kamar 4V-EU, injin ɗin yana da na'ura mai canzawa wanda ke ba da tsaftataccen ruwa zuwa ƙa'idodin da ake dasu.
An yi amfani da matatar mai mai sake rugujewar ƙarfe a cikin tsarin mai. A lokacin kulawa, baya buƙatar maye gurbin - ya isa kawai don wanke shi da kyau. Tsarin aiki - 4,5 lita. mai.
An shigar da 5V-EU akan sedan Toyota Century na ƙarni na farko (G1) daga Satumba 40 zuwa Maris 1987. A samar da engine dade shekaru 1997 - daga 15 zuwa 1983.
Технические характеристики
A cikin taƙaitaccen tebur don sauƙin kwatanta, an gabatar da halayen fasaha na kewayon injin V jerin.
| V | 3V | 4V | 4V-ku | 4V-EU | 5V-EU | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| nau'in injin | V-mai siffa | V-mai siffa | V-mai siffa | V-mai siffa | V-mai siffa | V-mai siffa |
| Gida | na tsaye | na tsaye | na tsaye | na tsaye | na tsaye | na tsaye |
| Ƙarar injin, cm³ | 2599 | 2981 | 3376 | 3376 | 3376 | 3994 |
| Arfi, hp | 115 | 150 | 180 | 170 | 180 | 165 |
| Karfin juyi, Nm | 196 | 235 | 275 | 260 | 270 | 289 |
| Matsakaicin matsawa | 9 | 9,8 | 8,8 | 8,5 | 8,8 | 8,6 |
| Filin silinda | aluminum | aluminum | aluminum | aluminum | aluminum | aluminum |
| Shugaban silinda | aluminum | aluminum | aluminum | aluminum | aluminum | aluminum |
| Yawan silinda | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | |
| Silinda diamita, mm | 78 | 78 | 83 | 83 | 83 | 87 |
| Bugun jini, mm | 68 | 78 | 78 | 78 | 78 | 84 |
| Bawuloli a kowace silinda | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Tukin lokaci | sarkar | sarkar | sarkar | sarkar | sarkar | sarkar |
| Tsarin rarraba gas | OHV | SOHC | ||||
| Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa | ||||||
| Tsarin samar da mai | Injin lantarki | Kayan lantarki, EFI | ||||
| Fuel | Man fetur AI-95 | |||||
| Tsarin shafawa, l | 4,5 | |||||
| Turbocharging | ||||||
| Yawan guba | ||||||
| Albarkatu, waje. km | 300 + | |||||
| Nauyin kilogiram | 225 | 180 |
Amincewa da kiyayewa
Ingantattun injunan Jafananci ya wuce shakka. Kusan kowane injin konewa na ciki ya tabbatar da kansa a matsayin naúrar abin dogaro gabaɗaya. Daidai da wannan ma'auni da kuma halitta "takwas".
Sauƙaƙan ƙira, ƙananan buƙatu akan man da aka yi amfani da su da man shafawa sun haɓaka aminci kuma sun rage yuwuwar gazawar. Misali, abubuwan da suka faru a shekarun da suka gabata ba a bambanta su da nagartattun kayan aikin man fetur ba, da kuma tukin sarka mai wuyar jinya sama da kilomita dubu 250. A lokaci guda, rayuwar sabis na "tsohuwar" injuna, ba shakka, dangane da ƙarin ko žasa da isasshen kulawa, sau da yawa ya wuce kilomita dubu 500.
Raka'o'in wutar lantarki na jerin V sun tabbatar da ingancin maganar "mafi sauƙi, mafi aminci." Wasu masu ababen hawa suna kiran waɗannan injunan a matsayin “miliyoyin kuɗi”. Babu tabbacin kai tsaye ga wannan, amma mutane da yawa sun ce amincin ƙimar ƙimar. Wannan gaskiya ne musamman ga ƙirar 5V-EU.
Duk wani motsi na jerin V yana da ingantaccen kiyayewa. M Liners, kazalika da nika crankshaft don girman gyara na gaba, ba ya gabatar da wata wahala. Matsalar ta ta'allaka ne a wani wuri - yana da wuya a nemo "kananan" kayayyakin gyara da abubuwan amfani.
Babu kayan gyara na asali na siyarwa, tunda sakin injin baya samun tallafi daga masana'anta. Duk da waɗannan matsalolin, ana iya samun hanyar fita daga kowane hali. Misali, maye gurbin asalin da analog. A cikin matsanancin yanayi, zaku iya siyan injin kwangila cikin sauƙi (ko da yake wannan ya shafi ƙirar 5V-EU kawai).
Af, Toyota 5V-EU ikon naúrar za a iya amfani da a matsayin musanya (swap) kit a lokacin da aka shigar a kan da yawa brands na motoci, ko da na Rasha - UAZ, Gazelle, da dai sauransu. Akwai bidiyo akan wannan batu.
Gasoline GXNUMXs mai siffar V da Toyota ya kirkira shine farkon haɓakar sabbin injiniyoyi.
