Saukowa jirgin ruwan Black Sea na USSR sashi na 1

Abubuwa

Mashigin ruwa sun kasance yankuna masu mahimmancin dabaru, waɗanda dokokin teku na ƙasa da ƙasa suka tsara aikinsu. A cikin siyasar geopolitics bayan yakin, kula da ruwa yana da mahimmanci na musamman, wanda ya yi tasiri kai tsaye ga makomar yakin yakin duniya, wanda aka koya daga kwarewar yakin duniya na biyu. Ketare hanyoyin sadarwa na teku, tare da kame bakin tekun, shi ne mabudin fatattakar abokan gaba a kasa. A wajen aiwatar da tanade-tanaden da aka zayyana a sama, rundunonin kungiyoyin siyasa da na soja sun nemi samar da mafi kyawun yanayi don cika ayyukan da ke jiransu a yakin. Don haka ci gaba da kasancewar ƙungiyoyin jiragen ruwa masu ƙarfi a cikin ruwayen tekun duniya, ci gaba da haɓakawa da inganta yaƙin ruwa na nufin, gami da bincike, a matsayin wani ɓangare na tseren makamai a lokacin yakin cacar baka.
- Организация военно-морских сил десантные суда

Sojojin saukar jiragen ruwa na Black Sea Fleet sun yi amfani da mafi yawan nau'ikan hovercraft. Hotunan aikin 1232.2 Zubr yayin sauke tankunan amphibious PT-76 da masu jigilar BTR-70. Hoton sojojin ruwan Amurka

Mashigin ruwa sun kasance yankuna masu mahimmancin dabaru, waɗanda dokokin teku na ƙasa da ƙasa suka tsara aikinsu. A cikin siyasar geopolitics bayan yakin, kula da ruwa yana da mahimmanci na musamman, wanda ya yi tasiri kai tsaye ga makomar yakin yakin duniya, wanda aka koya daga kwarewar yakin duniya na biyu. Ketare hanyoyin sadarwa na teku, tare da kame bakin tekun, shi ne mabudin fatattakar abokan gaba a kasa. A wajen aiwatar da tanade-tanaden da aka zayyana a sama, rundunonin kungiyoyin siyasa da na soja sun nemi samar da mafi kyawun yanayi don cika ayyukan da ke jiransu a yakin. Don haka ci gaba da kasancewar ƙungiyoyin jiragen ruwa masu ƙarfi a cikin ruwayen tekun duniya, ci gaba da haɓakawa da inganta yaƙin ruwa na nufin, gami da bincike, a matsayin wani ɓangare na tseren makamai a lokacin yakin cacar baka.

Kungiyar Sojojin Ruwa
sana'ar saukowa

Tun daga karshen tashin a cikin Black Sea a 1944 da kuma har zuwa tsakiyar 50s. Babban aikin saukar jirgin ruwa na Bahar Maliya (wanda ake kira DCHF daga baya) an kama shi kuma an canza shi azaman rukunin gyaran soja na asalin Jamus. Wani muhimmin bangare na wannan kayan aikin ya nutse da Jamusawa, saboda rashin yiwuwar fitarwa, saukar da manyan bindigogi. Mutanen Rasha ne suka tono waɗannan rukunin, sun gyara su kuma sun fara aiki nan da nan. Don haka, an isar da jiragen ruwa na MFP 16 a lokacin yakin FCz. Rukunan saukar jiragen sama na Jamus sun fi fasahar Sojan Ruwa (WMF) ta kowace fuska. An gina sassan Soviet daga ƙananan kayan aiki, wanda shine sakamakon rashin kayan aiki tare da ma'auni na fasaha masu dacewa kuma, fiye da duka, rashin makamai. Daga cikin hanyoyin asalin Jamusanci, jiragen ruwan saukar da aka ambata na gyare-gyare iri-iri sun fi yawa. Gabaɗaya, rundunar ta haɗa da raka'a 27 na Jamus da na Italiyanci MZ guda 2. Bayan yakin, jirgin ruwan LCM na Amurka, wanda aka samu daga isarwa a karkashin shirin Lend-Lease, shi ma ya shiga Tekun Bahar Rum.

A cikin 50s, wannan kayan aiki a hankali ya rushe - wasu daga cikinsu an yi amfani da su azaman kayan aiki na iyo. Tabarbarewar yanayin fasaha na motocin dakon kaya a tsawon shekaru ya tilasta samar da sabbin na'urori, wadanda ya kamata su gyara karancin kayan aiki cikin kankanin lokaci. Don haka, a cikin rabin na biyu na 50s, an ƙirƙiri jerin ƙanana da matsakaicin saukar jiragen ruwa da jiragen ruwa. Sun yi daidai da tsammanin Soviet na lokacin kuma sun kasance nuni ga ra'ayin da aka karɓa a cikin USSR na kusan aikin sabis na rundunar jiragen ruwa a cikin ayyukan sojojin ƙasa a cikin bakin teku. Ƙuntatawa a fagen kera makamai na ruwa da taƙaita tsare-tsare na ci gaba na gaba, da kuma dakatar da tsoffin jiragen ruwa, ya jagoranci rundunar sojojin Soviet zuwa yanayin rugujewar fasaha da kuma rikicin iyawar yaƙi. Ra'ayin iyaka, aikin kariya na sojojin ruwa bayan 'yan shekaru ya canza, kuma jiragen ruwa, a cikin manyan tsare-tsare na masu kirkiro sabon dabarun yakin ruwa, dole ne su tafi teku.

Ci gaban VMP ya fara ne a cikin 60s, kuma sabon tanadi mai banƙyama na koyaswar yakin ruwa ya haifar da canje-canje na musamman na ƙungiyoyi masu alaka da buƙatar daidaita tsarin ƙungiyoyin jiragen ruwa zuwa ayyukan da suke fuskanta, ba kawai a cikin rufaffiyar ruwa ba. amma kuma a cikin budadden ruwa. ruwan teku. A baya can, tsarin tsaro da jam'iyyar siyasa jagorancin Nikita Khrushchev ya samu gagarumin gyare-gyare, ko da yake a cikin ra'ayin mazan jiya da'ira na generals baya a tsakiyar 80s. yakin gaba.

Har zuwa karshen shekarun 50, rundunonin sojan sama sun kasance wani bangare na brigades masu gadin jiragen ruwa na sansanonin sojan ruwa (BOORV). A cikin Bahar Maliya, an canza canjin zuwa sabon ƙungiyar hare-haren amphibious a cikin 1966. A lokaci guda kuma, an ƙirƙiri 197th brigade na jiragen ruwa (BOD), wanda, bisa ga ka'idojin manufa da kewayo, na aiki ne. sojojin da aka yi niyyar amfani da su a wajen ruwan yankinsu (Soviet).