Menene akwatin DSG - fa'idodi da rashin amfani na akwati biyu kama

Ba za a iya tunanin rayuwar zamani ba tare da motoci ba, kuma zirga-zirgar birane ya kamata ya kasance mai dadi kamar yadda zai yiwu ga direba. Ana ba da sauƙin tuƙin mota tare da taimakon watsawa daban-daban (watsawa ta atomatik, akwatin gear robotic).

Akwatin mutum-mutumi ya shahara sosai saboda sassaucin motsi da kuma amfani da mai na tattalin arziki, kasancewar yanayin jagora wanda ke ba ku damar daidaita yanayin tuki zuwa buƙatun direba.

Ka'idar aiki na DSG gearbox

DSG is a manual watsa sanye take da atomatik gear canji drive kuma yana da kama kwanduna biyu.

Akwatin DSG an haɗa shi da injin ta hanyar clutches guda biyu da ke axially. Matakan da ba su da kyau da na baya suna aiki ta hanyar kama ɗaya, kuma har ma ta hanyar ɗayan. Irin wannan na'urar tana ba da sauye-sauye masu sauƙi na matakai ba tare da ragewa da katsewar wutar lantarki ba, tare da ci gaba da watsa wutar lantarki daga motar zuwa mashigin motsi na ƙafafun.

A lokacin haɓakawa a matakin farko, gears na gear na biyu sun riga sun kasance cikin raga. Lokacin da naúrar sarrafawa ta ba da umarnin canjin mataki, injin injin injin gearbox yana sakin kama ɗaya kuma ya matsa na biyu, yana canza jujjuyawa daga injin daga mataki ɗaya zuwa wancan.

Don haka, tsarin yana tafiya zuwa matsanancin mataki. Lokacin rage gudu da canza wasu yanayi, ana aiwatar da hanya a cikin tsari na baya. Canjin matakai yana faruwa tare da taimakon masu aiki tare.

Canjin matakai a cikin akwatin DSG ana aiwatar da shi cikin babban sauri, wanda ba zai iya isa ga masu tseren ƙwararru ba.

Menene mechatronic a watsa ta atomatik

Ana gudanar da sarrafa nau'ikan nau'ikan biyu da canjin matakai ta amfani da na'ura mai sarrafawa wanda ke kunshe da na'urorin lantarki da na lantarki, firikwensin. Wannan rukunin ana kiransa Mechatronic kuma yana cikin mahalli na gearbox.

Na'urori masu auna firikwensin da aka gina a cikin Mechatronic suna sarrafa yanayin akwatin gear kuma suna kula da ayyukan manyan sassa da majalisai.

Ma'auni da na'urori masu auna firikwensin Mechatronics ke sarrafawa:

• adadin juyi a shigarwa da fitarwa na akwatin;
• matsa lamba mai;
• matakin mai;
• zafin jiki mai aiki;
• wurin da cokali mai yatsun mataki.

A kan sabbin samfuran akwatunan DSG, an shigar da ECT (tsarin lantarki wanda ke sarrafa canjin matakai).

Baya ga sigogin da ke sama, ECT suna sarrafa:

• gudun abin hawa;
• mataki na bude maƙura;
• zafin jiki na mota.

Karatun waɗannan sigogi yana tsawaita rayuwar akwatin gear da injin.

Nau'o'in watsawa kai tsaye

A halin yanzu akwai nau'ikan akwatunan DSG guda biyu:

• shida-gudun (DSG-6);
• bakwai-gudun (DSG-7).

Farashin DSG6

Akwatin gear na farko (robotic) shine DSG mai sauri shida, wanda aka haɓaka a cikin 2003.

Gina DSG-6:

• guda biyu;
• layuka biyu na matakai;
• akwati;
• Mechatronics;
• bambancin gearbox;
• babban kaya.

DSG-6 tana amfani da riguna guda biyu waɗanda ke nutsar da su a cikin ruwan watsawa koyaushe don sanya mai mai da injina da sanyaya fayafai na kama, ta yadda za a tsawaita rayuwar watsawa.

Kamuwa biyu suna watsa juzu'i zuwa layuka na matakan akwatin gear. Ana haɗa diski ɗin tuƙi na gearbox zuwa clutches ta hanyar tashi ta wata cibiya ta musamman wacce ke haɗa matakan.

Babban abubuwan da ke cikin Mechatronics (Electro-hydraulic module) wanda ke cikin gidan gearbox:

• gearbox rarraba spools;
• Multixer wanda ke haifar da umarnin sarrafawa;
• solenoid da kula da bawuloli na gearbox.

Lokacin da aka canza matsayin mai zaɓi, ana kunna masu rarraba akwatin gearbox. Ana canza matakan tare da taimakon bawul ɗin lantarki, kuma an gyara matsayi na ƙugiya mai jujjuyawa tare da taimakon bawul ɗin matsa lamba. Wadannan bawuloli sune "zuciya" na akwatin gear, kuma Mechatronic shine "kwakwalwa".

Multixer na gearbox yana sarrafa silinda na hydraulic, wanda akwai 8 a cikin irin wannan akwati, amma ba fiye da 4 gearbox bawul suna aiki a lokaci guda. Silinda daban-daban suna aiki a cikin yanayin akwatin gear daban-daban, dangane da matakin da ake buƙata.

Duba DSG-gudun 6

Gears a cikin DSG-6 suna canzawa a zagaye. A lokaci guda, layuka biyu na matakai suna kunna, ɗaya kawai ba a amfani da su - yana cikin yanayin jiran aiki. Lokacin da aka canza jujjuyawar watsawa, ana kunna jere na biyu nan da nan, yana canzawa zuwa yanayin aiki. Irin wannan tsarin aiki na akwatin gear yana ba da canjin kayan aiki a cikin ƙasa da juzu'i na daƙiƙa guda, yayin da motsi na zirga-zirga yana faruwa a hankali kuma a ko'ina, ba tare da jinkiri ba.

DSG-6 shine akwatin kayan aikin mutum-mutumi mai ƙarfi. A karfin juyi na mota engine tare da irin wannan gearbox ne game da 350 Nm. Irin wannan akwati yana da nauyin kilo 100. Gear man don DSG-6 yana buƙatar fiye da lita 6.

A halin yanzu, an shigar da DSG-6 akan motocin masu zuwa:

• Wurin zama (Alhambra, Toledo);
• Skoda (Octavia, SuperB);
• Audi (TT, Q3, А3);
• Volkswagen (Tiguan, Golf, Jetta, Passat).

Akwatunan DSG suna sanye da Tiptronic, wanda ke canja wurin akwatin zuwa yanayin sarrafa hannu.

Farashin DSG7

An ƙera DSG-7 a cikin 2006 musamman don motocin aji na tattalin arziki. Akwatin DSG yayi nauyin kilogiram 70-75. kuma ya ƙunshi ƙasa da lita 2 na mai. An shigar da wannan akwatin gear akan motocin kasafin kuɗi tare da karfin injin da bai wuce 250 Nm ba.

Ya zuwa yau, DSG-7 an fi sanyawa akan motoci masu zuwa:

• Audi (TT, Q3, А3);
• Wurin zama (Leon, Ibiza, Altea);
• Skoda (Octavia, Fabia, SuperB);
• Volkswagen (Tiguan, Golf, Jetta, Passat).

Game da akwatunan DSG-7 akan lamarin.

Babban bambanci tsakanin DSG-7 da DSG-6 shine kasancewar busassun fayafai clutch guda 2 waɗanda basa cikin ruwan watsawa. Irin waɗannan canje-canjen sun ba da izinin rage yawan man fetur, rage farashin sabis.

Fa'idodi da rashin amfanin na'urar watsawa ta atomatik na mutum-mutumi

Akwatin gear na mutum-mutumi yana da fa'ida da rashin amfani idan aka kwatanta da sauran watsawa.

Amfanin akwatin DSG:

• rage yawan amfani da cakuda mai (har zuwa 10-20%);
• yuwuwar sarrafa hannu, kama da watsawar hannu;
• babu asarar wutar lantarki lokacin canza matakan;
• santsi na mota;
• high tsauri halaye na mota sanye take da akwatin DSG;
• rage lokacin da ake buƙata don haɓakawa;
• yuwuwar zaɓi na atomatik da kayan aikin hannu;
• tuƙi mai dadi, sanye take da irin wannan akwati;
• rashin feda mai kama da madaidaicin zaɓe na yau da kullun, wanda baya haifar da wahala lokacin sauyawa daga mota tare da watsawa ta atomatik na gargajiya;

Lalacewar akwatin DSG:

• tsadar mota mai DSG idan aka kwatanta da motocin da ke da wasu nau'ikan watsawa;
• lokaci-lokaci robot yana raguwa kuma baya ci gaba da haɓaka haɓakar motar, yana canza matakai tare da ɗan jinkiri;
• mechatronics shine ɗayan raunin rauni a cikin akwatin DSG, rashin aiki na lokaci-lokaci yana faruwa a cikin wannan rukunin;
• idan matsala ta faru a cikin injiniyoyi, dole ne a canza shi, tunda ba za a iya gyara shi ba;
• rage albarkatun gearbox;
• rashin aikin mechatronics yana ba da gudummawa ga canjin yanayin zafi akai-akai, wanda ke da mahimmanci musamman a cikin hunturu;
• rayuwar sabis na DSG-7 da abubuwan da ke tattare da shi ya fi guntu fiye da na DSG-6;
• ƙara yawan dumama akwatin saboda ci gaba da ayyukan masu zaɓe;
• karuwa a farashin yin hidimar akwatin kayan aikin na'ura;
• da sarkakiyar gyaran akwatin na'ura mai mutum-mutumi, wanda tashoshin sabis da yawa ba za su iya aiwatarwa ba;
• ba a sanya su a kan SUVs da sauran motoci masu ƙarfi;
• tsadar gyare-gyare, a wasu lokuta ya zama dole don canza DSG gaba daya.

Shawarwari don ingantaccen aiki na mota sanye take da akwatin gear DSG, yana ba ku damar tsawaita rayuwar aiki:

• gyare-gyaren lokaci na akwatin gear DSG (maye gurbin ruwa mai watsawa bisa ga ka'idoji - ba fiye da kilomita 60000 ba, matsala);
• dumama akwatin gear na mutum-mutumi ta hanyar ajiye motar a takaice a tsaye bayan farawa;
• motsi mai laushi bayan dumama tsawon kilomita 1-5 daga lokacin da motsi ya fara;
• guje wa zamewar dabaran;
• lokacin tsayawa sama da minti 1, ana bada shawarar canza zaɓin akwatin DSG zuwa yanayin tsaka tsaki;
• lokacin tuki akan dusar ƙanƙara da kankara, ana bada shawarar kunna yanayin "snowflake", idan akwai;
• tare da tuki mai ɗorewa da hanzari mai sauri, yana da kyau a matsar da lever mai zaɓi zuwa matsayin "wasanni";
• a lokacin kowane kulawa, wajibi ne don bincikar akwatin DSG da yin farawa;
• tilas ne a matse fedatin gaggawa ba tare da wata matsala ba, har ma a yanayin hannu;
• hanzari yana da kyawawa don aiwatar da shi a cikin yanayin hannu, kuma tuki mai santsi da birki - a cikin atomatik;
• kiliya motar daga akwatin DSG zuwa filin ajiye motoci a cikin wurin zaɓin "tsaka-tsaki" tare da haɗakar da birki ta hannu (birkin hannu).

Akwatin mutum-mutumi, a haƙiƙa, ingantaccen watsawar hannu ne, sauyawar matakai wanda ke faruwa ta amfani da injina bisa ma'auni daban-daban da na'urori masu auna firikwensin ke karantawa. Dangane da wasu shawarwari, zaku iya tsawaita rayuwar akwatin mutum-mutumi sosai.