menene a cikin mota? Menene don me? Bidiyon hoto

Kamar yadda kuka sani, motoci sun ba da gudummawa sosai wajen haifar da gurbatar muhalli. Sakamakon wannan gurbatar yanayi ana iya gani ga ido tsirara - hayaki mai guba a cikin megacities, saboda abin da gani ya ragu sosai, kuma ana tilasta mazauna su sanya bandages gauze. Dumamar duniya wata hujja ce da ba za a iya tantama ba: sauyin yanayi, narke dusar kankara, hauhawar matakan teku.

Bari a makara, amma ana ɗaukar matakan rage fitar da abubuwa masu cutarwa a cikin iska. Kwanan nan mun rubuta akan Vodi.su game da kayan aikin tilas na tsarin shaye-shaye tare da masu tacewa da masu canzawa. A yau za mu yi magana game da tsarin sake zagayowar iskar gas - EGR.

sake zagayowar iskar gas

Idan mai canzawa mai haɓakawa da tacewa suna da alhakin rage carbon dioxide da soot a cikin shaye-shaye, to an tsara tsarin EGR don rage oxide nitrogen. Nitric oxide (IV) iskar gas ne mai guba. A cikin yanayi, yana iya amsawa da tururin ruwa da oxygen don samar da nitric acid da ruwan sama na acid. Yana da mummunan tasiri a kan mucous membranes na mutum, kuma yana aiki a matsayin wakili na oxidizing, wato, saboda shi, lalatawar hanzari yana faruwa, ganuwar kankare, da dai sauransu.

Don rage iskar nitrogen oxide, an ƙirƙiri bawul ɗin EGR don sake ƙona hayaki mai cutarwa. A cikin sauƙi, tsarin sake yin amfani da shi yana aiki kamar haka:

• iskar iskar gas daga mashigin shaye-shaye ana mayar da su zuwa wurin da ake sha;
• lokacin da nitrogen ke hulɗa tare da iska mai iska, yawan zafin jiki na cakuda man fetur ya tashi;
• a cikin silinda, duk nitrogen dioxide ya kusan kone gaba ɗaya, tunda iskar oxygen ce ke haifar da ita.

An shigar da tsarin EGR akan duka injunan konewa na dizal da mai. Yawancin lokaci ana kunna shi kawai a wasu saurin injin. Don haka akan ICEs na mai, bawul ɗin EGR yana aiki ne kawai a matsakaici da babban gudu. A rago kuma a mafi girman iko, an toshe shi. Amma ko da a karkashin irin wannan yanayin aiki, da shaye gas samar da har zuwa 20% na bukatar oxygen konewa.

A kan injunan diesel, EGR ba ya aiki kawai a matsakaicin nauyi. Sake zazzagewar iskar gas akan injinan dizal yana samar da iskar oxygen zuwa kashi 50%. Shi ya sa ake ganin sun fi dacewa da muhalli. Gaskiya ne, irin wannan mai nuna alama za a iya samu kawai a cikin yanayin cikakken tsarkakewar man dizal daga paraffins da ƙazanta.

Nau'in EGR

Babban abin da ke cikin tsarin recirculation shine bawul wanda zai iya buɗewa ko rufe dangane da saurin. Akwai manyan nau'ikan bawul ɗin EGR guda uku da ake amfani da su a yau:

• pneumo-makanikanci;
• electro-pneumatic;
• lantarki.

An sanya na farko akan motoci na shekarun 1990s. Babban abubuwan da ke cikin irin wannan bawul ɗin sune damper, bazara da bututun huhu. Ana buɗe ko rufe damper ta ƙara ko rage karfin iskar gas. Don haka, a ƙananan gudu, matsa lamba ya yi ƙasa sosai, a matsakaicin matsakaici damper yana buɗewa rabi, a matsakaicin yana buɗewa sosai, amma bawul ɗin kanta yana rufe kuma sabili da haka ba a tsotse iskar gas a cikin nau'in ci.

Wuraren lantarki da na lantarki suna aiki ƙarƙashin ikon na'urar sarrafa lantarki. Bambanci kawai shine bawul ɗin solenoid yana sanye da damper iri ɗaya da tuƙi don buɗewa / rufe shi. A cikin sigar lantarki, damper ɗin ba ya nan gaba ɗaya, iskar gas ta ratsa cikin ƙananan ramuka na diamita daban-daban, kuma solenoids ke da alhakin buɗewa ko rufe su.

EGR: abũbuwan amfãni, rashin amfani, bawul plug

Tsarin da kansa ba shi da wani tasiri a aikin injin. Ko da yake, kawai a ka'idar, saboda maimaita bayan konewar shaye-shaye, yana yiwuwa a ɗan rage yawan man fetur. Wannan shi ne sananne musamman akan injunan fetur - tanadi na tsari na kashi biyar. Wani ƙari kuma shine raguwar adadin soot a cikin shaye-shaye, bi da bi, tacewar ƙura ba ta toshewa da sauri. Ba za mu yi magana game da abũbuwan amfãni ga muhalli ba, saboda wannan ya riga ya bayyana.

A gefe guda, a kan lokaci, adadi mai yawa na soot yana tarawa akan bawuloli na EGR. Da farko dai, wadancan masu motocin da ke cike dizal mara inganci da kuma amfani da man injuna mara inganci suna fama da wannan masifa. Ana iya biya gyare-gyare ko cikakken tsaftacewa na bawul, amma maye gurbin shi ya zama lalacewa na gaske.

Saboda haka, an yanke shawara don toshe bawul. Ana iya murƙushe shi ta hanyoyi daban-daban: shigar da filogi, kashe wutar lantarki "guntu", toshe mai haɗawa tare da resistor, da dai sauransu. A gefe guda, ana lura da haɓakar injin injin. Amma akwai kuma matsaloli. Da farko, kuna buƙatar kunna ECU. Abu na biyu, ana iya lura da manyan canje-canje a yanayin zafin jiki a cikin injin, wanda ke haifar da ƙonewa na bawuloli, gaskets, murfin kai, da samuwar plaque baƙar fata akan kyandir da kuma tarin soot a cikin silinda kansu.

Tsarin EGR (Recirculation Gas Exhaust) - Mugunta ko mai kyau?

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