Menene bambanci tsakanin injector da carburetor?

Akwai hanyoyi daban-daban don cika ƙarar aiki na silinda na injin konewa na ciki tare da cakuda mai ƙonewa. Dangane da ka'idar hada man fetur da iska, ana iya raba su cikin yanayin carburetor da allura. Akwai bambance-bambance na asali a tsakanin su, kodayake sakamakon aikin kusan iri ɗaya ne, amma kuma akwai bambance-bambance masu yawa a cikin daidaiton adadin.

Za mu yi la'akari dalla-dalla game da fa'ida da rashin amfani da tsarin wutar lantarki na injin mai a ƙasa.

Ka'idar aiki na injin carburetor

Don ƙirƙirar yanayi don konewa a cikin silinda, dole ne a haxa gas da iska. Abubuwan da ke cikin yanayi sun ƙunshi iskar oxygen, wanda ya zama dole don iskar oxygenation na hydrocarbons gasoline tare da sakin babban adadin zafi.

Gas masu zafi suna da girma da yawa fiye da cakuda na asali, suna ƙoƙarin fadadawa, suna ƙara matsa lamba akan piston, wanda ke tura crankshaft crankshaft kuma ya sa ya juya. Don haka, makamashin sinadarai na man fetur ya zama makamashin injina wanda ke tuka mota.

The carburetor ake bukata domin lafiya atomization na fetur da kuma hadawa da shi da iska shiga cikin Silinda. A lokaci guda, abun da ke ciki yana ɗaukar nauyi, tunda don ƙonewa na yau da kullun da konewa, ana buƙatar ingantaccen abun da ke ciki.

Don yin wannan, ban da sprayers kansu, carburetors suna da tsarin dosing da yawa, kowannensu yana da alhakin wani yanayin aikin injin:

• babban sashi;
• tsarin aiki;
• na'urar farawa wanda ke wadatar da cakuda akan injin sanyi;
• famfo mai haɓakawa wanda ke ƙara mai a lokacin haɓakawa;
• econostat na ikon halaye;
• mai kula da matakin tare da ɗakin iyo;
• tsarin sauye-sauye na carburetors masu yawa;
• masana tattalin arziki daban-daban wadanda ke tsarawa da iyakance fitar da hayaki mai cutarwa.

Mafi rikitarwa na carburetor, yawancin waɗannan tsarin yana da, yawanci ana sarrafa su ta hanyar ruwa ko kuma ta hanyar huhu, kodayake a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, ana amfani da na'urorin lantarki.

Amma ainihin ka'idar an kiyaye shi - emulsion na man fetur da aka samar ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa na iska da jiragen sama na man fetur an jawo su a cikin iska mai gudana ta hanyar pistons ta hanyar atomizers bisa ga dokar Bernoulli.

Siffofin tsarin allura

Babban bambanci tsakanin injectors, ko kuma daidai, tsarin allurar mai, shine samar da mai a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba.

Matsayin famfo mai ba ya iyakance ga cika ɗakin iyo, kamar yadda yake a cikin carburetor, amma ya zama tushen dosing adadin man fetur da ake bayarwa ta hanyar nozzles zuwa nau'in sha ko ma kai tsaye zuwa ɗakunan konewa.

Akwai tsarin inji, lantarki da gaurayawan allura, amma suna da ka'ida iri ɗaya - ana ƙididdige adadin man fetur a kowane zagaye na aiki da kuma aunawa sosai, wato, babu wata alaƙa kai tsaye tsakanin ƙimar kwararar iska da kuma amfani da sake zagayowar. fetur.

Yanzu tsarin alluran lantarki kawai ake amfani da shi, inda duk lissafin ana yin su ta hanyar microcomputer wanda ke da firikwensin firikwensin da yawa kuma yana ci gaba da daidaita lokacin allurar. Ana kiyaye matsin lamba na famfo, don haka abun da ke tattare da cakuda ya dogara ne akan lokacin buɗewa na bawul ɗin solenoid na injectors.

Amfanin carburetor

Amfanin carburetor shine sauƙin sa. Hatta na'urorin da aka fi sani da tsofaffin babura da motoci a kai a kai sun yi rawar da suke takawa wajen sarrafa injinan.

Daki mai iyo don daidaita matsa lamba akan jet ɗin mai, tashar iska ta emulsifier tare da jet na iska, atomizer a cikin diffuser kuma shi ke nan. Yayin da buƙatun injiniyoyi suka karu, ƙirar ta zama mafi rikitarwa.

Koyaya, mahimmancin mahimmanci ya ba da fa'ida mai mahimmanci wanda har yanzu ana adana carburetor a wasu wurare, akan babura iri ɗaya ko motocin kashe-kashe. Wannan shi ne amintacce da kiyayewa. Babu wani abu da zai karya a can, toshewa na iya zama matsala kawai, amma zaka iya tarwatsawa da tsaftace carburetor a kowane yanayi, ba a buƙatar kayan gyara ba.

Fa'idodin injector

Amma da yawa gazawar irin wadannan atomizers sannu a hankali ya kai ga bayyanar allura. Hakan ya fara ne da wata matsala da ta taso a cikin jirgin, lokacin da carburetors suka ki yin aiki yadda ya kamata a lokacin da jirgin ya yi birgima ko ma bankuna masu zurfi. Bayan haka, hanyar da suke bi na ci gaba da matsa lamba akan jiragen sama yana dogara ne akan nauyi, kuma wannan ƙarfin koyaushe yana jagorantar ƙasa. Matsakaicin famfon mai na tsarin allura baya dogara da yanayin sararin samaniya.

Mahimmancin dukiya na biyu na injector shine babban daidaito na dosing abun da ke cikin cakuda a kowane yanayi. Carburetor ba zai iya yin hakan ba, komai rikitarwa, kuma buƙatun muhalli sun girma a kowace shekara, cakuda dole ne ya ƙone gabaɗaya kuma yadda ya kamata, wanda kuma ana buƙata ta yadda ya dace.

Daidaito ya sami mahimmanci musamman tare da zuwan masu canza canjin catalytic, waɗanda ke ba da damar ƙona abubuwa masu cutarwa a cikin shaye-shaye, lokacin da ƙarancin ingancin man fetur ya haifar da gazawar su.

Babban rikitarwa da raguwa mai alaƙa a cikin amincin tsarin an biya su ta hanyar kwanciyar hankali da dorewa na kayan aikin lantarki waɗanda ba su ƙunshi sassan lalacewa ba, kuma fasahohin zamani suna ba da damar ƙirƙirar isassun fafutuka da nozzles.

Yadda ake bambance motar allura da carburetor

A cikin ɗakin, mutum zai iya lura nan da nan gaban kullin sarrafawa don tsarin farawa na carburetor, wanda ake kira suction, ko da yake akwai kuma masu farawa inda wannan kullin ba ya nan.

Naúrar allurar mono yana da sauƙin rikicewa tare da carburetor, a zahiri suna kama da juna. Bambance-bambancen shine wurin da famfon mai, a carburetor yana kan injin, kuma a wurin allurar ana kashe shi a cikin tankin iskar gas, amma ba a daina amfani da allura guda ɗaya.

An bayyana allurar man fetur na al'ada da yawa ta hanyar rashin tsarin samar da man fetur na gama gari, akwai kawai mai karɓar iska wanda ke ba da iska daga tacewa zuwa ga ma'aunin ɗaukar nauyi, kuma akan manifold ɗin kansa akwai nozzles na lantarki, ɗaya akan kowane silinda.

Hakazalika, ana shirya allurar mai kai tsaye, kawai a wurin nozzles ne a kan toshe, kamar tartsatsin tartsatsi, kuma ana ba da mai ta ƙarin famfo mai matsa lamba. Yayi kama da tsarin wutar lantarki na injunan diesel.

Ga direban, tsarin wutar lantarki abu ne da babu shakka. Babu buƙatar kuma yin amfani da tsarin farawa da fedar gas, kwakwalwar lantarki tana da alhakin cakuda a kowane yanayi kuma yana yin shi daidai.

Ga sauran, abokantaka na muhalli na injector yana da mahimmanci, kusan kawai carbon dioxide mara lahani da tururin ruwa suna fitowa daga tsarin shaye-shaye zuwa yanayin, don haka carburetors akan motoci ba za a iya dawo dasu ba.