Jack Hart
Trawler B-20/II/1 Jacques Ker. Tarin Mawallafin Hoto
Masana'antar gine-ginen Yaren mutanen Poland sun fara kera jiragen kamun kifi tun a shekara ta 1949, lokacin da a watan Fabrairu aka sanya filin jirgin ruwa na Gdansk (daga baya mai suna V. Lenin) a karkashin keel na jirgin na farko na jirgin B-10, wanda ke kamun kifi daga gefe kuma an sanye shi da kayan aiki. injin 1200 hp. injin tururi. An sake su a cikin jerin rikodi na guda 89. An ƙaddamar da injin kamun kifi na ƙarshe a cikin 1960.
Tun daga shekara ta 1951, muna gina nau'ikan nau'ikan motoci iri-iri a layi daya: masu safarar jiragen ruwa, masu safarar ruwa, masu daskarewa, masu sarrafa trawlers, da kuma masana'antar sarrafa kayayyaki. A wannan lokacin mun zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu kera jiragen kamun kifi a duniya. Gaskiyar cewa mun kai wannan matsayi shekaru 10 bayan gina jirgin ruwa na farko na kasar Poland yana daya daga cikin manyan nasarorin da masana'antunmu suka samu. Har yanzu, masu karɓar waɗannan raka'a sun kasance mafi yawan USSR da kamfanonin Poland, don haka an yanke shawarar sha'awar ƙasashen da suka ci gaba sosai a cikinsu.
An fara duka a Faransa tare da faɗaɗa farfaganda da yakin talla. Wannan ya ba da sakamako mai kyau kuma ba da daɗewa ba an ba da kwangilar jiragen ruwa 11 B-21, waɗanda aka tura su zuwa Gdańsk Northern Shipyard. Duk da bayyanar da jerin, sun bambanta sosai da juna, musamman a girman da kayan aiki. Wannan sabon abu ne a ginin jirginmu, kuma ya faru ne saboda wasu al'adu daban-daban na kasuwar gida. Kamfanonin kamun kifi na Faransa mutane ne ko kamfanoni, galibi suna da dogon al'adar kamun kifi na dangi. Sun dauki kowane jirgin ba kawai a matsayin hanyar rayuwa ba, har ma a matsayin abin sha'awa da kuma nuna buri, alfahari da nasarorinsa da bayyanarsa kuma ba sa la'akari da duk wani gazawa. Saboda haka, kowane mai jirgin ruwa ya zuba jari da yawa na kerawa na sirri a cikin zane na jirgin, yana da nasa ra'ayoyin game da dukan jirgin ko cikakkun bayanai kuma yana da matukar jinkirin ba da su. Wannan yana nufin cewa ko da masu safarar jiragen sun fito ne daga jeri ɗaya, amma daga kamfanoni daban-daban, ba su taɓa zama ɗaya ba.
Samun nasarar shiga cikin kasuwannin gida tare da ƙananan jiragen ruwa ya haifar da sha'awar maimaita wannan tare da manyan sassan wutar lantarki da Stocznia im ya gina. Ƙungiyar Paris a Gdynia. Waɗannan su ne manyan jiragen ruwa na B-20 da aka samar don ƙasarmu, sun fi na B-21 tsada na zamani kuma sun fi tsada. Ba da daɗewa ba sun yi sha'awar biyu daga cikin manyan masu mallakar jiragen ruwa daga Boulogne-sur-Mer: Pêche et Froid da Pêcheries de la Morinie. Siffofin Faransanci sun bambanta sosai a cikin kayan aiki daga na gida da kuma a tsakanin su. Babban canjin ya shafi yadda ake adana kifin da aka kama. Masunta na gida sun kawo shi sabo don cinyewa kai tsaye ko zuwa gidan gwangwani na ƙasa saboda Faransawa ba su saya daskararre ba. Sabbin jiragen ruwa an yi niyya ne don kamun kifi da kyau a cikin Tekun Arewa, Yammacin Turai da Arewacin Atlantika, kuma za a jigilar sabbin kayayyaki ko dai cikin girma ko a cikin akwatunan da aka sanyaya su zuwa -4 ° C. Sabili da haka, na'urorin daskarewa waɗanda a baya a cikin nau'in Poland sun ɓace daga cikin trawlers, kuma ƙarfin injin da saurin jirgin ya karu.
Babban Daraktan tashar jirgin ruwa, Jagoran Kimiyya. Erasmus Zabello yana son jirgin farko ya gabatar da kansa kamar yadda zai yiwu a cikin sabuwar kasuwa na gida, kuma da kansa ya tabbatar da cewa duk abin da ke kan Jacques Coeur shine mafi kyawun abin da zai iya zama. Kuma wannan shine dalilin da ya sa aka yi jirgin tare da kulawa mai kyau, kulawa ba kawai ingancin fasaha mai kyau ba, amma har ma da kayan ado na waje da na gida. Hakan kuma ya samu tasiri daga wakilin mai jirgin, Eng. Pierre Dubois, wanda a kai a kai yana duba kowane nau'in da aka shigar har zuwa mafi ƙanƙanta. A tsakaninsa da magina kuma an yi ta jayayya da jayayya, amma wannan ya amfanar da jirgin.
Zane da takardun jirgin ruwa na Jacques Coeur an shirya su ne daga Ofishin Zane da Gine-gine na jirgin ruwa, gami da. injiniyoyi: Franciszek Bembnowski, Ireneusz Dunst, Jan Kozlowski, Jan Sochaczewski da Jan Straszynski. Siffar tarkacen jirgin ya yi la'akari da kwarewar mai jirgin da gwaje-gwajen da aka yi a cikin kwandon samfurin a Teddington. Lloyd's Register of Shipping and Bureau Veritas ne ya kula da ginin.
Rumbun na trawler karfe ne kuma an yi masa waldi sosai. Saboda tsananin ƙarfin injinan tuƙi, an ƙarfafa ƙirar ta musamman, kuma keel ɗin yana da ƙirar akwati. An raba shingen ta hanyar manyan kantuna zuwa sassa 5 marasa ruwa. Rumbun da aka saka a ƙarƙashinsa da tsakanin tarkacen gefen ya yi kauri kuma an yi masa waldi na ƙarfe na kariya.
Jirgin ya dauki ma'aikatan jirgin 32. Wurin kewayawa ya ƙunshi ɗakin ma'aikacin rediyo da asibiti, wanda a baya yana da raka'a mafi girma. A kan jirgin ruwan akwai dakunan kyaftin, 300th, 400th and 3rd mate, da kuma a kan babban belun - na 2nd, XNUMXnd, XNUMXth da XNUMXrd makaniki, biyu dakunan ma'aikata, wani jirgin ruwa, dakunan rikici ga jami'an da ma'aikatan, bushe da dakuna. , ɗakin firiji, ɗakin ajiyar abinci. da transom. Ragowar gidajen ma'aikatan suna kan bene na baya. A cikin bakan ma'aikacin jirgin akwai shaguna da ɗakin kwana na ma'aikacin da ke kula da jirgin yayin da yake cikin tashar jiragen ruwa. Duk dakunan suna sanye da iskar wucin gadi da dumama ruwa. Turi don trawler a cikin adadin XNUMX-XNUMX kg / h kuma a matsa lamba na XNUMX kg / cmXNUMX an samar da shi a cikin bututun ruwa mai nau'in BX. Na'urar harbin ta atomatik ce, tare da injin tuƙi na electro-hydraulic daga kamfanin AEG na yammacin Jamus. An kunna sitiyarin daga gidan motar ta hanyar amfani da wayar tarho ko, idan ya gaza, da hannu. An sami ƙarin post ɗin helmsman a cikin gidan motar tauraro.
A kan babban bene da ke gaban babban ginin, an sanya wani jirgin ruwa na Belgian Brusselle tare da ƙarfin ja da ƙima na ton 12,5 da igiya mai saurin gudu na 1,8 m/s. Tsawon igiyoyin trawl ya kasance 2 x 2900 m. A gaban babban ginin, a kan babban bene, akwai wuri don yin hidimar winch. Wani sabon abu na wannan lif shine cewa yana da iko biyu: lantarki da na huhu. Shigarwa na pneumatic ya sa ya yiwu a sarrafa shi duka daga babban bene da kuma daga wurin sarrafawa. Godiya ga kayan aiki na musamman, Hakanan yana yiwuwa a ɗauki ma'auni na motsi na ɗagawa kuma adana su akan jadawali.
