Cajin abin hawa | Kyakkyawan baturi

. karfin batura wanda ke ba da kayan aiki motocin lantarki suna halin aiki mai juyawa: za su iya karba da mayar da makamashi. Wannan abin al'ajabi yana faruwa ne saboda jujjuyawar halayen sinadarai da ke faruwa a cikin baturi: yayin fitarwa, Li + ions a zahiri suna ƙaura zuwa ingantacciyar lantarki, haifar da electrons don yawo daga mummunan lantarki zuwa ingantaccen lantarki kuma ta haka ne ke ba da kuzari ga da'irar lantarki ( duba labarin” Baturin jan hankali "). Sabanin haka, lokacin da ake cajin baturi, electrons suna gudana daga ingantacciyar lantarki zuwa mara kyau, ta haka ne ke juyar da alkiblar ƙaura da barin baturi ya dawo da kuzari.

A halin yanzu cajin motar lantarki mai amfani ba zai iya sarrafa shi ba: buƙatun yanzu sun dogara kawai akan nau'in cajin da aka yi amfani da su kuma an inganta su don rage lokutan caji da tabbatar da amincin abin hawa.

Hanyoyi daban-daban don cajin abin hawan lantarki  

Matakan ƙarfi 

Пользователь motar lantarki za ka iya zaɓar ɗaya daga cikin nau'ikan caji uku, dangane da haka 'yancin kai cewa yana son samun lafiya tare da lokacin da yake da shi. 

Cajin "Slow": yana da halin yanzu na ƙasa da 16 A, wanda ke ba da ƙaramin ƙarfin caji (mafi girman 3,7 kW). Sannan yana ɗaukar awanni 6 zuwa 9 don cika caji. A hankali caji ya kasance mafi mutunta duk batura, yana ba da gudummawa ga tsawon rayuwarsa, kuma shine mafi kyawun hanyar cajin EV ɗin ku ba tare da biyan kuɗi na musamman da ake buƙata ba. 

Cajin "Ƙara": halin yanzu da aka yi amfani da shi ya kai 32 A, wanda ke ba da damar haɓaka ƙarfin lantarki (mafi girman 22 kW) da cajin mota har zuwa 80% a cikin kusan awa 1 da mintuna 30. 

Cajin "Fast": yana ba ku damar cajin 80% a cikin mintuna 30 tare da ikon fiye da 22 kW (mafi girman 50 kW).

Yin caji mai sauri da, zuwa ƙarami, caji mai sauri ba a tsara shi don cikakken cajin motar lantarki sai dai a mika shi 'yancin kai... Masu masana'anta kawai suna ba da rahoton lokutan caji "80%" ba "100%" ba. Tabbas, bayan matakin 80%, cajin ya zama mai hankali, lokacin caji zuwa 100% shine ainihin lokacin caji sau biyu zuwa 80%. Daga baya za mu koma ga al'amarin da ke bayyana wannan keɓancewar. 

Hanyoyin cajin abin hawa na lantarki da kwasfa masu dacewa

Yadda cajin motar lantarki yana haifar da kwararar manyan igiyoyi, wajibi ne a dauki wasu matakai don tabbatar da lafiyar abin hawa. Daya daga cikinsu ana kiran yanayin caji kuma yana bayyana yadda abin hawa da kayan aikin caji ke hulɗa:  

• Yanayi 1: Daidai da samar da wutar AC ga abin hawa daga mashigar gida. Babu sashin kula da cajin da zai iya haifar da rikice-rikicen lantarki ba tare da hanawa ko kawar da haɗari ba. 
• Yanayin 2: ya bambanta da yanayin farko ta kasancewar na'urar sarrafawa akan kebul na wutar lantarki, wanda ke ba da tattaunawa tare da abin hawa da ake cajin. Wannan akwatin, wanda aka haɗa da koren waje, hanya ce mai aminci don cajin motarka, a haƙiƙa, akwatin yana da ikon amsa duk wata matsala ta dakatar da cajin. Hakanan shine mafi kyawun yanayin tattalin arziki kuma baya buƙatar shigar da akwatin bango mai tsada fiye da kore, sabanin yanayin 3rd.
• Yanayin 3: yayi daidai da samar da wutar lantarki na mota tare da alternating current ta hanyar daidaitaccen soket na musamman (akwatin bango, tashar caji). Wannan yana ƙara ƙarfin caji, yana adana shigarwa kuma, godiya ga tattaunawa tsakanin filogi da abin hawa, sarrafa kaya cikin hankali. Yanayin 2 da 3 suna kare baturin kuma suyi caji ta hanya ɗaya, amma na ƙarshe yana ba ku damar tsara cajin sa don farawa ta atomatik a cikin sa'o'i marasa ƙarfi don rage farashin caji.
• Yanayin 4: Motar tana aiki ne ta hanyar yau da kullun (madaidaicin matakin wuta) ta tashar caji. Wannan yanayin ya keɓanta don yin caji mai sauri. 

Bayanan cajin abin hawan lantarki 

Bayan cikakken bayanin kayan aikin daban-daban da ake samu ga masu amfani motocin lantarki Don yin caji, za mu yi nazarin matsalolin daban-daban waɗanda baturin ke fuskantar. Sabanin abin da mutum zai yi tunani, tsarin cika baturi ya dogara da yanayin cajin sa: kamar yadda ake cika gilashin ruwa, za ku iya yin sauri a farkon farawa don adana lokaci. Lokaci, amma a kusa da ƙarshe dole ne ku yi hankali don kada ku cika.

Saboda haka, a kan profile caji motar lantarki : 

• 1shekaru lokaci: Muna farawa ta hanyar amfani da halin yanzu kai tsaye, wanda ƙarfinsa ya dogara da nau'in cajin da aka zaɓa (jinkirin / hanzari / sauri). Baturin yana caji, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙaruwa kuma bayan wani ɗan lokaci ya kai iyakar ƙarfin lantarki da masana'anta suka saita don kare shi (duba Labari " BMS: Software na Batirin Motar Lantarki "). Tun daga kashi 80%, caji ba zai iya ci gaba da zama akai-akai ba tare da haɗarin lalata overvoltage na baturi ba.

• 2ème lokaci: Domin kada mu wuce wannan iyaka, za mu saita ƙarfin baturi kuma mu cika caji tare da ƙasa da ƙasa. Wannan kashi na biyu ya fi na farko tsayi da yawa kuma ya dogara da abubuwa da yawa kamar tsufan baturi, zafin yanayi da amperage na 1.

Don haka, ana iya fahimtar dalilin da yasa masana'antun haɓaka / cajin sauri kawai ke ba da rahoton lokutan caji a 80%: wannan yayi daidai da lokacin caji na kashi na farko, wanda yake da sauri kuma yana ba da damar maido da yancin kai.

Dangantaka Tsakanin Yin Caji da Tsufawar Batirin Motar Lantarki

kowane baturi jajircewa halin yanzu da aka sani da "natural absorption", wanda yayi daidai da iyakancewar halin yanzu wanda baturi zai yi zafi. Lokacin haɓakawa ko caji mai sauri, ƙarfin da abin ya shafa a sarari ya wuce wannan iyaka kuma don haka yana haifar da dumama. Kamar yadda muka yi bayani a cikin labarin “ Tsufa na batura masu gogayya ", Babban yanayin zafi yana haɓaka bazuwar abubuwan sinadarai, ta haka yana haɓakawa tsufan baturi da raguwar yawan amfanin su.

Don haka, don kiyaye abin hawan ku, ya kamata ku ba da fifiko ga jinkirin lodi da amfani da ingantattun igiyoyin amincin abin hawa. Akwai 'yan wasa a kasuwa irin su Amintaccen caji m ga tambayoyi kariyar motocin lantarki lokacin caji. shi Kamfanin Faransa wanda ya ƙware wajen yin cajin motocin lantarki da haɗaɗɗun motoci yana ba da igiyoyi da caja masu ɗaukar nauyi waɗanda aka tabbatar da su ta dakunan gwaje-gwaje na hukuma, waɗanda aka ƙera don adana saitin ku da abin hawan ku.. 

Cajin motar lantarki: ƙarin harka ... 

La cajin motar lantarki batu ne mai sarkakiya wanda har yanzu masana kimiyya suka yi nazari sosai, wanda kuma karfin fasaharsa zai zama wani muhimmin abu a duniyar gobe. Za mu iya tunanin, alal misali, "motar zuwa cibiyar sadarwa" (ko "mota zuwa hanyar sadarwa"), ra'ayi da aka samo mafi yawa a Japan wanda ke ba da damar amfani da shi. karfin batura ke da alhakin samar da wutar lantarki na birnin. Wannan bayani yana ba da damar ingantacciyar kulawar sauye-sauyen da ba za a iya faɗi ba a cikin hanyoyin samar da makamashi mai sabuntawa: ana iya adana wutar lantarki lokacin da aka samar da shi cikin ragi, ko maidowa lokacin da buƙata ta yi yawa. 

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Sources: 

Binciken gwaji da ƙirar ƙirar baturi da majalisunsu: aikace-aikace ga motocin lantarki da masu haɗaka. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01157751/document

Dabarun sarrafa wutar lantarki a cikin tsarin tushen abubuwa da yawa: bayani mai ban mamaki wanda aka inganta don matasan motocin lantarki. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2015/1/2013TOU3005.pdf

Fayil: cajin motocin lantarki. https://www.automobile-propre.com/dossiers/recharge-voitures-electriques/

V2G: https://www.energuide.be/fr/questions-reponses/quest-ce-que-le-vehicle-to-grid-ou-v2g/2143/

Mahimman kalmomi: baturi mai jan hankali, cajin abin hawa na lantarki, baturin abin hawa na lantarki, layin motocin lantarki, tsufa na baturi.