Rear dakatar da mota: menene, yaya yake aiki

Matsakaicin torsion yana ɗaure ƙafafun baya tare da gaske, wanda ke rage jin daɗi da sarrafa motar akan waƙoƙin "mara kyau". A cikin nau'ikan fasinja da jigilar kaya, galibi ana maye gurbin maɓuɓɓugan ruwa da maɓuɓɓugan ruwa da masu ɗaukar girgiza. Ana amfani da ƙirar haɗin kai da yawa a cikin motocin tuƙi na gaba kawai a cikin manyan ƙira.

Rashin daidaituwa a saman hanya yana haifar da girgiza, wanda aka ji a cikin motar. Sa'an nan tafiya ya zama mai matukar damuwa ga fasinjoji. Dakatar da motar ta gaba da ta baya tana ɗaukar girgizar da ke fitowa daga titin kuma tana rage girgizar. Yi la'akari da maƙasudi, ƙa'idar aiki da sassa na tsarin don axle na baya na na'ura.

Menene dakatarwar baya

Dakatarwa azaman saitin injuna shine Layer da ke haɗa jikin mota tare da ƙafafun.

Wannan na'urar dakatarwa ta yi nisa daga matattarar da ke ƙarƙashin kujeru a cikin karusai zuwa mafi hadaddun sassa da taro a cikin "dawakai" na zamani. Dakatarwar da aka yi a baya, da kuma na gaba, wani bangare ne na kera motoci da manyan motoci.

Menene don

Wani muhimmin sashi na chassis - dakatarwar ta baya - matakan fitar da kututturen hanya, yana haifar da tafiya mai santsi, yana ƙara kwanciyar hankali ga direba da fasinjoji lokacin tafiya.

Zane yana aiwatar da wasu ayyuka da yawa:

• ta jiki tana haɗa dabaran (unsprung mass) zuwa firam ko jiki (sprung mass);
• yana tsayayya da tsalle-tsalle da jujjuyawar motar a cikin sasanninta;
• Bugu da kari yana shiga cikin birki.

Yin aiwatar da ayyukan da aka lissafa, dakatarwar ta baya tana ba da gudummawa ga ingantacciyar ƙarfin ƙetare na mota.

Na'urar dakatarwa

Ta yanayin aikin, duk sassa da hanyoyin dakatarwar ta baya sun kasu zuwa manyan ƙungiyoyi uku:

1. Na'urorin roba (sandunan torsion, maɓuɓɓugan ruwa, sassan da ba na ƙarfe ba) - canja wurin sojojin tsaye waɗanda ke aiki daga hanya zuwa jiki, don haka rage nauyi mai ƙarfi.
2. Abubuwan jagora (levers) - fahimtar ƙarfin tsayi da na gefe.
3. Damping nodes - rage girgiza firam ɗin wutar motar.

Abubuwan dakatarwa na baya sune bushing na roba-karfe da ƙwal.

motar gaba

Ƙaƙwalwar baya na motocin tuƙi na gaba suna samun ƙarancin damuwa a motsi, don haka abubuwan dakatarwa suna daɗe. Motocin waje na zamani da na cikin gida galibi ana sanye su da rahusa, mai sauƙin kiyaye abin dogaro da katako mai togiya. Wannan bayani yana rage farashin mai ƙira da farashin ƙarshe na mota.

Yadda ake kula da dakatarwar motar ku

Matsakaicin torsion yana ɗaure ƙafafun baya tare da gaske, wanda ke rage jin daɗi da sarrafa motar akan waƙoƙin "mara kyau". A cikin nau'ikan fasinja da jigilar kaya, galibi ana maye gurbin maɓuɓɓugan ruwa da maɓuɓɓugan ruwa da masu ɗaukar girgiza. Ana amfani da ƙirar haɗin kai da yawa a cikin motocin tuƙi na gaba kawai a cikin manyan ƙira.

motar motar baya

Motar zuwa ga axle na fasinja motocin fasinja yana sanya ƙarin buƙatun aminci akan dakatarwa, sabili da haka, a cikin ƙirar irin waɗannan motocin, ana amfani da hanyar haɗin kai da yawa sau da yawa. A wannan yanayin, an gyara wuraren gangara tare da levers na tsaye da masu jujjuyawa a cikin adadin aƙalla guda huɗu.

Rear wheel drives suna ba da kwanciyar hankali mara misaltuwa da ƙananan matakan amo.

Abubuwan dakatarwa na baya

Amintaccen motsi ya dogara da lafiyar dakatarwar baya, don haka yana da mahimmanci a san abubuwan da ke cikin taron.

Tsarin ya ƙunshi:

• Dogayen pendulum levers. Kada ka ƙyale ƙafafun su girgiza a cikin jirgin sama a kwance.
• Girgizar ƙasa (biyu ga kowane gangara). Suna adana jeri na dabaran kuma suna kiyaye na ƙarshe a cikin matsananciyar matsaya dangane da hanya;
• Anti-roll bar. Yana rage jujjuyawar gefe yayin motsi.
• Sansanin natsuwa. Suna aiki a kan kwanciyar hankali na mota.
• Shock absorber.

Don dakatarwar ta baya, ƙaƙƙarfan ƙwanƙwasawa da masu daidaitawa, tsayin levers suna da mahimmanci. Kazalika matakin damping na hanyoyin da za su sha girgiza.

Iri

Bambance-bambance daban-daban na dakatarwar ta baya, duk da haka, ana iya raba su zuwa manyan nau'ikan uku:

1. tsarin dogara. Biyu na ƙafafun baya suna haɗe da ƙarfi ta hanyar gatari, katako, ko tsagaggen ko gada mai ci gaba. Sau da yawa akwai haɗuwa da dakatarwa waɗanda ke ba da izinin shigar da gada tare da bazara (dogara, bazara), bazara (dogara, bazara) da abubuwan pneumatic (pneumatic, dogara). Lokacin da aka haɗa ƙafafun ta hanyar katako mai tsayi, ana ɗaukar nauyin kai tsaye daga wannan gefe zuwa wancan: to, hawan ba ya bambanta da laushi.
2. Dakatar mai zaman kanta. Ana amfani da katako iri ɗaya a nan, amma tare da halaye na torsion bar. Ko kuma an gina na ƙarshe a cikin katako. Wannan fasalin ƙirar yana ƙara tafiya mai santsi, yayin da igiyar igiya tana sassauta damuwa da ake yadawa daga wannan gangara zuwa wani.
3. nau'in mai zaman kansa. Ƙafafun da aka haɗa da axle suna jure wa lodin da kansu. Dakatar da masu zaman kansu sune na huhu da mashaya torsion.

Siga na uku na hanyoyin shine mafi ci gaba, amma rikitarwa da tsada.

Karanta kuma: Tuƙi rack damper - manufa da ka'idojin shigarwa

Yadda yake aiki

Dakatarwar motar tana aiki kamar haka:

1. Lokacin da motar ta sami cikas, dabaran ta tashi sama da waƙar kwance, tana canza matsayi na sanduna, levers, ƙungiyoyi masu juyawa.
2. Anan ne abin da ake kira shock absorber ya shigo cikin wasa. A lokaci guda kuma, bazara, wanda a baya a cikin yanayin kyauta, yana matsawa a ƙarƙashin rinjayar makamashin motsa jiki na tayar da taya a cikin jagorancin jirgin sama - sama.
3. Matsi na roba mai ɗaukar girgiza tare da bazara yana kawar da sandar: bushings na roba-karfe a wani bangare na girgiza girgiza da girgizar da aka watsa zuwa jikin mota.
4. Bayan haka, tsarin juzu'i na dabi'a yana faruwa. Ruwan marmari da aka matsa da shi koyaushe yana neman mikewa ya dawo da abin girgiza, kuma tare da shi dabaran, zuwa matsayinsa na asali.

Ana maimaita sake zagayowar tare da duk ƙafafun.

Babban abin dakatar da abin hawa. 3D rayarwa.