Sojojin RSI suna fada a kan gadar Anzio
Taimakawa ga turmi 81mm na Italiya a lokacin wuta.
A ranar 22 ga Janairu, 1944, a Italiya, kusa da birnin Anzio, a baya na rukunin Jamus, rundunar sojojin Amurka ta XNUMX (daga baya kuma ta goyan bayan sojojin Burtaniya) sun sauka a ƙarƙashin umarnin Janar John Lucas. Burinsu shi ne su ketare katangar Layin Gustav, da katse masu tsaronta daga sauran sojojin Jamus da ke Italiya, sannan su bude hanyar zuwa Roma da wuri-wuri. A gabansu akwai sassan ƙungiyar Parachute na XNUMX na Jamus na Janar Alfred Schlermm da LXXVI Panzer Corps na Janar Trugott Erra. Jamusawa a yakin da suke da kawance sun sami goyon bayan abokansu na Italiya daga Rundunar Sojoji na Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Italiya.
Dakatar da Italiya ga sojojin Anglo-Amurka a ranar 8 ga Satumba, 1943 ya haifar da mayar da martani nan da nan daga Jamus, wanda ya keta yarjejeniyar karafa da ta danganta su da Italiya tare da kai hari ga sojojin Italiya da ke kudancin Faransa, Balkans, Girka da Italiya kanta. Sojojin Italiya sun mamaye da sauri kuma yawancin ƙasar ta fada ƙarƙashin mamayar Jamus. Sarki da gwamnati da kuma mafi yawan rundunar sojojin sun fake ne a yankunan da kawancen suka mamaye. Ranar 23 ga Satumba, 1943, a cikin yankunan da Jamus ke iko, Benito Mussolini, wanda aka 'yantar da shi a sakamakon wani mummunan aiki da Jamus ta yi, ya yi shelar sabuwar jiha - Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Italiya (Repubblica Sociale Italiana, RSI).
Baya ga sojojin ƙasa - Esercito Nazionale Repubblicano (ENR) - gwamnatin Mussolini, ta dogara ga kawayen Jamus, sun tura ƙungiyar Waffen-SS don yin yaƙi a gefen Reich na Uku, ta hanyar da mutane 20 1944 suka wuce. hafsa, wadanda ba kwamishinonin hafsoshi da sojoji (a cikin "kololuwar nau'i" a watan Disamba 15, shi ƙidaya 1944 1 mutane). A lokacin da aka halicce shi, ana kiran ƙungiyar Italienische Freiwilligen Verland (SS Legion Italiana), a cikin Maris 1 an sake tsara shi zuwa 1. Italienische Freiwilligen Sturmbrigade (9a Brigata d'Assalto), a watan Yuni zuwa 1st Sturmbrigade Italienische Freiwilligen Legion. a watan Satumba ya kasance 1945th SS Grenadier Brigade (Italiyanci No. 29), kuma a cikin Maris 1 an halicci rabo a karkashin sunan 28th SS Grenadier Division (Italiyanci No. 1943). Kwamandojinsa sune: daga 28 ga Oktoba 6 SS-Brigadeführer Peter Hansen (tsakanin 1943 Oktoba da 10 Disamba 1944 wanda SS-Standartenführer Gustav Lombard ya umarta), daga 20 May 1944 SS-Oberführer Otto Jungkuntz da kuma daga SS-Oberführer Otto Jungkuntz da kuma daga SS-10 gst Konfürten August XNUMX. Heldmann. Waffen Brigadeführer Pietro Manelli shi ne mai binciken sassan Italiya na Waffen-SS. Wannan rukunin bai taɓa yin aiki azaman ƙarami ba. Kungiyar SS ta Italiya ta kasar SS, wacce ta shigar da kai daga mai ba da agaji ta kwararru ta (Milizia Armata), ta kunshi batutuwa uku masu zaman kanta a cikin arewacin Italiya.
A ranar 10 ga Oktoba, 1943, an ƙirƙiri RSI (Aeronautica Nazionale Repubblicana, ANR). Rundunar Folgore Parachute Regiment (Reggimento Paracadutisti "Folgore") kuma tana karkashin hukumar kula da kadarorin noma. Bayan kwana biyu, saboda amsa kiran da fitaccen Kanar Ernesto Botto ya yi, an fara kafa na'urorin jiragen sama. Botto wani matukin jirgi ne na soja har zuwa tsakiya, bai daina tashi ba ko da an yanke masa kafa. Shi ya sa ya samu sunan "Kafar Qarfe". Bugu da kari, ya san sosai Field Marshal Wolfram von Richthofen (Kwamandan Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Jamus 2), wanda aikinsa da jaruntakarsa suka burge shi. Ba da dadewa ba, mutane 7 ne suka taru domin korar Kanar a filayen jiragen sama daban-daban. matukan jirgi da masu fasahar jiragen sama. Baya ga Adriano Visconti, matukan jirgi na mayaka irin su Hugo Drago, Mario Bellagambi da Tito Falconi, da kuma fitattun masu tayar da bama-bamai irin su Marino Marini (an ceto bayan da ma'aikatan jirgin U-331 na Jamus suka harbe su a tekun Bahar Rum. a cikin Fabrairu 1942), Carlo Fagioni, Irnerio Bertuzzi da Ottone Sponza.
A kan yunƙurin na Capt. Carlo Fagioni, an kafa tawagar masu tayar da bama-bamai a filin jirgin sama na Florence, wanda da farko ya kunshi jirage 3 Savoia-Marchetti SM.79. Ba da daɗewa ba aka kai shi Venice kuma an sanye shi da injuna 12 iri ɗaya. A ranar 1 ga Janairu, 1944, ƙungiyoyin Gruppo Autonomo Aeroiluranti "Buscaglia" guda uku sun cimma shirin yaƙi. An nada rukunin ne bayan kwamandan runduna ta 281 sannan kuma ta 132nd Bombardment Squadron, Manjo V. Carlo Emanuel Buscaglia. Ranar 12 ga Nuwamba, 1942, wani mayaƙin Spitfire ya harbe shi a yaƙin da jiragen ruwa na Allied a tashar jiragen ruwa na Bougi a Aljeriya, ya bayyana mutuwarsa kuma ya ba da lambar zinare ta "For Valor". Don tunawa da shi, abokan aiki sun sanya wa sabuwar ƙungiya sunansa1.
An ƙirƙiri sojojin ruwa na RSI (Marina Nazionale Repubblicana, MNR) a ranar 30 ga Satumba, 1943. Jamusawa ba su amince da abokansu ba, don haka yawancin jiragen ruwa na Italiya da suka kama (ko sun nutse, sannan kuma suka sake ginawa) sun shiga sabis tare da Kriegsmarine. tuta, tare da kwamandojin Jamus - ko da yake a wasu sassa akwai sauran ma'aikatan jirgin Italiya (a cikin ma'aikatan). Saboda wannan dalili, an haɗa ƴan raka'a a cikin MNR. Mafi yawan jiragen ruwa na Navy na RSI sune jiragen ruwa na torpedo (manyan 6 da matsakaici 18), ban da haka, suna da jiragen ruwa (3 matsakaici, 1 kanana da 14 ƙananan; na 5 na karshe da aka yi aiki a cikin Bahar Maliya), mafarauta na karkashin ruwa (6). -7), aƙalla ma'adinan ma'adinai 1 da dozin da yawa (dozin guda?) Jiragen sintiri na taimako. Ƙarshen sun kasance ƙarƙashin ma'aikatan Port Guard Flotillas (Hafenschutzflottille) a Venice, Genoa da La Spezia. Wataƙila na ɗan gajeren lokaci, MPR kuma yana da corvette. Bugu da ƙari, "baƙar fata" (waɗanda ake kira RSI rundunar jiragen ruwa) suna da matsayi na hana jiragen sama a kan jiragen ruwa da ake ginawa: Caio Mario a Genoa, Vesuvio da Etna a Trieste.
