Na'urar da fasali na dakatarwar mashaya torsion na motar

Wani lokaci, saboda dalilai na shimfidawa, a cikin dakatarwar mota ba a so a yi amfani da sanannun abubuwan roba na bazara ko maɓuɓɓugan murɗa. Wani nau'in irin waɗannan na'urori shine sandunan torsion. Waɗannan sandunan ƙarfe ne na bazara ko saitin zanen gado waɗanda ke aiki a cikin torsion. Ɗayan ƙarshen sandar torsion yana daidaitawa zuwa firam ko jiki, ɗayan kuma an manne shi zuwa hannun dakatarwa. Lokacin da dabaran ke motsawa, karkatar da igiyar torsion tana faruwa.

Farkon aikace-aikacen akan motoci da ci gaba a halin yanzu

Babu bambance-bambance na asali a cikin halayen da aka ƙididdige madaidaicin torsion ko dakatarwar bazara. Batun torsion sanduna dangane da tabbatar da gudanar da aiki ya kasance sananne na dogon lokaci, an yi amfani da su sosai a farkon rabin ƙarni na ƙarshe a cikin motocin sojoji masu sulke kuma har yanzu ana amfani da su. Abubuwan la'akari da shimfidawa suna da mahimmanci a wurin, lokacin da ɗimbin adadin waƙa na motocin da aka sa ido dole ne a ba su tare da dakatarwar mutum ɗaya. Babu inda za a sanya maɓuɓɓugan ruwa da maɓuɓɓugan ruwa na gargajiya, kuma sandunan masu karkata sun yi nasarar shiga ƙasan ɓangaren tanki ko mota mai sulke, ba tare da mamaye sararin ciki na abin hawa ba. Kuma wannan yana nufin rashin sanya nauyin ƙarin farashi mai yawa akan yin ajiyar sararin samaniya da dakatarwar ta mamaye.

Kusan lokaci guda, masu kera motoci na Faransa daga kamfanin Citroen sun yi amfani da sandunan torsion akan motocinsu. Mun kuma yaba da kyakkyawar gogewar wasu kamfanoni, dakatarwa tare da karkatattun sanduna sun sami karbuwa a cikin chassis na mota. Amfani da su akan yawancin samfuran kusan shekaru ɗari yana nuna rashin gazawar asali da kasancewar fa'idodi.

Tsarin taro na Torsion

Dakatarwar ta dogara ne akan sandar torsion - sanda ko kunshin da aka yi da ƙarfe na musamman, zagaye ko rectangular, wanda aka yi wa maganin zafi mai sarƙaƙƙiya. Wannan ya faru ne saboda girman girmanta har yanzu yana iyakance ta ma'aunin motar, kuma murɗa manyan sassan ƙarfe yana faruwa ne bisa ga ƙa'idodin zahiri. Ya isa ya yi tunanin yadda sassan sandar da ke ciki da waje ke aiki a cikin wannan yanayin. Kuma a karkashin irin wannan yanayi, karfe dole ne jure m alternating lodi, ba tara gajiya, wanda kunshi a cikin bayyanar microcracks da irreversible deformations, da kuma kula da dogara na roba sojojin a kan karkatarwa kwana stably shekaru da yawa na aiki.

Ana ba da irin waɗannan kaddarorin, gami da caffa na farko na mashaya torsion. Ya ƙunshi gaskiyar cewa sandar zafi yana jujjuya shi a cikin hanyar da ake so fiye da ƙarfin yawan amfanin ƙasa, bayan haka an sanyaya shi. Don haka, sandunan dakatarwa na dama da hagu masu girma iri ɗaya ba sa canzawa saboda mabanbantan kusurwoyin kamamme.

Don gyarawa a kan levers da firam ɗin, sandunan torsion suna sanye da ramuka ko wasu siffofi na kawunansu. An zaɓi masu kauri ta hanyar da ba za a haifar da raunin rauni kusa da iyakar sanda ba. Lokacin da aka kunna daga gefen dabaran, hannun dakatarwa yana canza motsin linzamin kwamfuta zuwa juzu'i akan sandar. Ƙunƙarar igiyar wuta tana murɗawa, tana ba da ƙarfin ƙima.

Wani lokaci ana yin sandan gama gari don ƙafafu guda biyu na gatari ɗaya. A wannan yanayin, an gyara shi a jiki a cikin sashin tsakiya, dakatarwa ya zama maɗaukaki. Daya daga cikin abubuwan da ke kawo cikas yana kawar da shi ne lokacin da dogayen sanduna masu tsayi a fadin fadin motar suna gefe da gefe, kuma hannayen levers na hagu da dama sun juya suna da tsayi daban-daban.

Daban-daban ƙira na torsion mashaya dakatar

Ana iya amfani da sandunan murɗawa a cikin kowane nau'in dakatarwa da aka sani, har ma da na'urorin MacPherson na telescopic, waɗanda aka fi karkata zuwa ga maɓuɓɓugan ruwa.

Sandunan Torsion a cikin dakatarwa masu zaman kansu

Zaɓuɓɓukan shimfidawa iri-iri suna yiwuwa:

• dakatarwar gaba ko ta baya akan levers biyu masu jujjuyawa, sandunan torsion suna haɗe akan madaidaicin jujjuya hannu na sama ko ƙasa, suna da madaidaiciyar daidaitawa dangane da axis ɗin abin hawa;
• dakatarwar ta baya tare da hannaye masu tsayi ko madaidaici, sanduna biyu na torsion suna cikin jiki;

• dakatarwa na baya tare da karkatar da katako mai zaman kanta mai jujjuyawa, shingen torsion yana tare da shi, yana ba da elasticity mai mahimmanci da rage abubuwan buƙatun kayan katako da kanta;
• dakatarwar gaba tare da makamai masu biyo baya biyu, godiya ga sandunan torsion, yana da ƙarfi kamar yadda zai yiwu, dacewa don amfani akan microcars;
• torsion bar ta baya tare da kasusuwan buri masu jujjuyawa da tsari na tsayin daka na abubuwa na roba.

Duk nau'ikan suna da ƙarfi sosai, suna ba da izinin daidaita tsayi mai sauƙi na jiki, wani lokacin ma ta atomatik ta amfani da servo pre-juyawa na sanduna. Kamar duk sauran nau'ikan dakatarwar injin, torsion mashaya sanye take da masu ɗaukar abin girgiza telescopic masu zaman kansu don datse girgizawa da vane jagora. Sandunan kansu, sabanin, alal misali, maɓuɓɓugan ruwa, ba za su iya haɗa ayyuka ba.

Sandunan anti-roll suma suna aiki bisa ga ka'idar torsion, kuma kusan babu madadin anan.

Abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani

Babban amfani shine sauƙi na shimfidawa. Sanda na roba a zahiri baya ɗaukar sarari a ƙarƙashin ƙasa, ba kamar guda biyu na maɓuɓɓugan ruwa ba. A lokaci guda, yana samar da irin wannan tafiya mai santsi. A cikin aiki, yana yiwuwa a ƙara tsoma baki tare da tsufa da lalata sassa.

Rashin hasara ya ta'allaka ne a cikin fasaha mai rikitarwa don samar da sassa masu dogara, sabili da haka farashi mai girma. Ƙarƙashin wutar lantarki ya fi tsada kusan sau uku fiye da maɓuɓɓugar ruwa mai kyau don irin wannan mota. Kuma sayan wanda aka yi amfani da shi ba a koyaushe ya dace ba saboda gajiyar ƙarfe da aka tara.

Duk da ƙarancin irin wannan dakatarwa, ba koyaushe dace don sanya dogayen sanduna a ƙarƙashin ƙasan motar ba. Wannan yana da sauƙin isa a cikin yanayin SUV, amma kasan motar motar yana kusa da hanya kamar yadda zai yiwu, kuma don dakatarwa akwai wuri kawai a cikin ma'auni na dabaran, inda maɓuɓɓugan ruwa sun fi dacewa. .