Koyawa: duba hanyoyin lantarki da lantarki

Za mu ga yadda ake ganowa da warware matsaloli a cikin da'irar lantarki na batir, mai farawa da wuta, ƙonewa da haske. Tare da multimeter da umarnin da suka dace, wannan aikin ba shi da wahala. An kawo muku wannan jagorar makanikai a Louis-Moto.fr.

Idan kuna shakku game da ilimin ku na wutar lantarki, muna ba ku shawara ku danna nan kafin fara wannan koyarwar. Don gano yadda ake bincika hanyoyin lantarki da na lantarki, bi wannan hanyar haɗin.

Duba hanyoyin lantarki na babur

Lokacin da mai kunna wutar lantarki ya yi rauni a hankali, manyan tartsatsin wuta suna tattarawa, fitilun fitila suna kashewa kuma fuses suna busawa cikin matsanancin tashin hankali, wannan shine dokar ta baci ga masu kekuna da yawa. Yayin da ake gano kurakuran injin da sauri, kuskuren lantarki, a gefe guda, ba a iya gani, a ɓoye, shiru kuma galibi yana haifar da lalacewar abin hawa gaba ɗaya. Koyaya, tare da ɗan haƙuri, multimeter (har ma da rahusa), da instructionsan umarni, ba kwa buƙatar zama ƙwararren mashin ɗin lantarki don bin diddigin irin waɗannan kurakurai kuma ya cece ku ƙimar shagon gyara.

Don ƙonewa, walƙiya, farawa da sauran ayyuka daban -daban, yawancin babura (ban da endan enduros da tsoffin samfuran mopeds ko mopeds) suna jan wuta daga baturi. Idan baturin ya fita, waɗannan motocin za su fi wahalar tuƙi. 

A ka'ida, baturin da aka cire zai iya samun dalilai guda biyu: ko dai da'irar caji na yanzu ba ta ƙara cajin baturin daidai lokacin tuƙi, ko gazawar halin yanzu a wani wuri a cikin wutar lantarki. Idan akwai alamun rashin isassun cajin baturi ta hanyar mai canzawa (alal misali, mai farawa yana amsawa a hankali, babban fitilun fitilun mota yayin tuki, alamar cajin tana walƙiya), samar da dama ga duk sassan da'irar caji don dubawa na gani: toshe masu haɗawa. Haɗin da ke tsakanin mai canzawa da mai sarrafawa dole ne ya kasance amintacce kuma a haɗa shi da kyau, igiyoyi masu dacewa kada su nuna alamun karyewa, abrasion, wuta ko lalata ("kamuwa da cuta" tare da tsatsa kore), haɗin baturi kuma dole ne ya nuna alamun lalacewa ( idan (wajibi, tsaftace saman da wuka kuma a shafa mai mai mai zuwa ga tashoshi), janareta da mai sarrafa / mai gyara bai kamata su sami lahani na inji ba. 

Ci gaba da duba abubuwan daban -daban, batirin yakamata ya kasance cikin kyakkyawan yanayi da cikakken caji. Idan akwai matsala a ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da ke cikin da'irar caji, kuma bincika duk sauran abubuwan da ke cikin wannan kewayen don tabbatar da cewa ba su lalace ba.

Duba da'irar caji - bari mu fara

01 - Wutar lantarki

Auna ƙarfin ƙarfin cajin baturi yana nuna ko da'irar caji tana aiki yadda yakamata. Theaga abin hawa (zai fi dacewa injin ɗumi) kuma tabbatar cewa kuna da damar shiga tashoshin batir. Don tsarin lantarki na 12-volt, saita multimeter zuwa ma'aunin ma'aunin 20 V (DC) kuma haɗa shi zuwa madaidaitan tashoshin baturi. 

Idan baturin yana cikin yanayi mai kyau, ƙarfin wutar lantarki mara aiki ya kasance tsakanin 12,5 da 12,8 V. Fara injin kuma ƙara saurin gudu har ya kai 3–000 rpm. Idan da'irar lodin tana da lafiya, yanzu ƙarfin ƙarfin ya kamata ya ƙaru har ya kai ƙimar iyaka, amma bai wuce ta ba.

Dangane da abin hawa, wannan iyaka yana tsakanin 13,5 zuwa 15 V; don ƙimar daidai koma zuwa littafin sabis don ƙirar motarka. Idan an ƙetare wannan ƙimar, mai sarrafa wutar lantarki (wanda galibi yana samar da naúra tare da mai gyara) ya gaza kuma ba ya sake daidaita ƙarfin cajin daidai. Wannan na iya haifar, alal misali, zub da ruwan acid daga batir ("ambaliya") kuma, akan lokaci, lalacewar batir saboda yawan caji.

Nunin tudun wutar lantarki mai wucewa yana nuna mai gyara da / ko rashin aikin janareta. Idan, duk da haɓaka saurin injin, ba ku lura da ƙaruwa a cikin ƙarfin lantarki ba, mai canzawa na iya ba da isasshen caji na yanzu; to yana bukatar a duba. 

02 - Duba janareta

Fara da gano nau'in mai canzawa da aka sanya a cikin abin hawan ku sannan duba waɗannan abubuwan:

Sarrafa madaidaiciyar madaidaiciyar radiyo

Masu sauya taurari suna aiki tare da rotor magnet na dindindin wanda ke juyawa don ƙarfafa iskar stator na waje. Suna gudu a cikin wanka mai, mafi yawan lokaci akan mujallar crankshaft. Mafi yawan lokuta, rashin aiki yana faruwa tare da ɗimbin ɗimbin yawa ko overheating na mai tsarawa.

Duba wutar lantarki mara daidaituwa

Dakatar da injin kuma kashe wutar. Cire haɗin maɗaurin mai canzawa daga mai tsarawa / gyarawa. Sannan auna ƙarfin lantarki kai tsaye a kan janareta (zaɓi zaɓin ma'aunin har zuwa 200 VAC).

Haɗa fil biyu na mai haɗa janareto bi da bi zuwa gwajin gwajin multimeter. Gudun injin don kusan 3 zuwa 000 rpm.

Auna ƙarfin lantarki, tsayar da motar, haɗa gwajin yana haifar da haɗuwa daban -daban na haɗi, sake kunna motar don wani ma'auni, da sauransu har sai kun bincika duk haɗuwa mai yuwuwa. Idan ƙimar da aka auna iri ɗaya ce (madaidaicin madaidaicin babur yawanci yana fitowa tsakanin 50 zuwa 70 volts; duba littafin sabis don ƙirar motarka don ƙimar daidai), mai canzawa yana aiki yadda yakamata. Idan ɗaya daga cikin ƙimar da aka auna ya yi ƙasa sosai, to yana da lahani.

Duba don buɗewa da gajarta zuwa ƙasa

Idan alternator bai samar da isasshiyar wutar lantarki ta caji ba, mai yiyuwa ne iskar ta karye ko kuma akwai guntun iskar zuwa ƙasa. Auna juriya don nemo irin wannan matsala. Don yin wannan, dakatar da injin kuma kashe wutan. Saita multimeter don auna juriya kuma zaɓi kewayon ma'auni na 200 ohms. Danna jagorar gwajin baƙar fata zuwa ƙasa, danna jagorar gwajin ja a jere zuwa kowane fil na mai haɗawa. Bai kamata a gyara da'ira mai buɗewa (juriya mara iyaka) - in ba haka ba stator zai ɗan ɗanɗana kewayawa zuwa ƙasa.

Buɗe kulawar da'ira

Sa'an nan kuma duba duk yiwuwar haɗuwa na fil tare da juna ta amfani da gwajin gwajin - juriya da aka auna ya kamata koyaushe ya kasance ƙasa da uniform (yawanci <1 ohm; duba littafin gyaran da ya dace don ƙirar motar ku don ainihin ƙimar).

Idan ƙimar da aka auna ta yi girma da yawa, hanyar da ke tsakanin windings bai isa ba; idan ƙimar da aka auna shine 0 ohm, gajeriyar kewayawa - a cikin duka biyun stator ba daidai ba ne. Idan madaidaicin iska yana cikin yanayi mai kyau, amma ƙarfin wutar lantarki a madaidaicin ya yi ƙasa da ƙasa, mai yiwuwa na'ura mai juyi yana raguwa.

Regulator / rectifier

Idan ƙarfin da aka auna a kan batirin ya wuce iyakar abin hawa da aka kafa a masana'anta lokacin da aka ƙara saurin injin (ya danganta da ƙirar abin hawa, dole ne ƙarfin wutar ya kasance tsakanin 13,5 zuwa 15 V), ƙarfin wutar gwamna ya lalace (duba Mataki na 1). ko yana bukatar a sake fasalta shi.

Tsofaffi da na gargajiya kawai har yanzu suna sanye take da wannan ƙirar mai daidaitawa - idan ba a cika cajin baturin ba kuma ƙimar ƙimar wutar lantarki da ba ta daidaita daidai ba, kuna buƙatar sake daidaitawa.

Don gwada mai gyara guda ɗaya, fara cire shi daga da'irar lantarki. Saita multimeter don auna juriya kuma zaɓi ma'aunin ma'aunin 200 ohms. Sannan auna juriya tsakanin madaidaicin madaidaicin waya da duk haɗi zuwa janareta, da tsakanin kebul ɗin fitarwa na Plus da duk haɗin gwiwa a duka kwatance (don haka dole ne a juyawa polarity sau ɗaya daidai gwargwado).

Yakamata ku auna ƙaramin ƙima a cikin hanya ɗaya kuma ƙimar aƙalla sau 10 mafi girma a ɗayan (duba Hoto 7). Idan kun auna ƙima iri ɗaya a cikin kwatance biyu tare da zaɓin haɗin haɗin (watau duk da juyewar polarity), mai gyara yana da rauni kuma dole ne a maye gurbinsa.

Ana duba janareta mai tarawa

Masu samar da kayan tarawa ba sa samar da wutar lantarki ta hanyar maganadisu na dindindin, amma saboda electromagnetism na tashin hankali na waje. Ana cire ruwan yanzu daga mai tara rotor ta goge -goge na carbon. Wannan nau'in janareta a koda yaushe yana bushewa, ko dai a gefen crankshaft tare da gwamna na waje, ko kuma a matsayin sashi mai zaman kansa, galibi sanye take da gwamna mai haɗa kai. A mafi yawan lokuta, kurakurai na faruwa ne ta hanyar girgizawa ko jolts da ke haifar da hanzarin rotor a kaikaice ko damuwar zafi. Goge -goge na carbon da masu tarawa suna tsufa akan lokaci.

Rarrabe janareto tare da rabe -raben daban, zai fi dacewa daga babur, kafin yin duba na gaba ɗaya (cire haɗin baturin da farko) sannan ka tarwatsa su.

Ana iya haifar da isasshen ƙarfin janareta, alal misali, ta hanyar sakawa akan mai tarawa. Don haka, fara da bincika ƙarfin da maɓuɓɓugar buroshi ke amfani da su, sannan tsayin goge na carbon (maye gurbin kayan da aka sawa idan ya cancanta). Tsaftace manifold da man fetur ko tsabtace birki (degreased); idan ya cancanta, taɓa tare da takarda mai kyau. Zurfin ramukan da yawa yakamata ya kasance tsakanin 0,5 da 1 mm. ; idan ya cancanta, sake yin aikin su da guntun sawa ko maye gurbin rotor lokacin da an riga an kai iyakar suturar zoben zamewa.

Don bincika ɗan gajeren zuwa ƙasa da buɗaɗɗen iskar stator, saita multimeter don auna juriya kuma zaɓi kewayon ma'auni na 200 ohms. Riƙe jagoran gwajin kafin da gwajin gwajin bayan filin iska - yakamata ku auna ƙarancin juriya (<1 ohm; duba littafin mai shi don ƙirar motar ku don ainihin ƙimar). Idan juriya ya yi yawa, an katse kewaye. Don gwada ɗan gajeren zuwa ƙasa, zaɓi babban kewayon aunawa (Ω). Danna jagorar gwajin ja akan iskar stator da baƙar gubar gwajin a kan mahalli (ƙasa). Dole ne ku auna juriya mara iyaka; in ba haka ba, gajeriyar kewayawa zuwa ƙasa (gajeren kewayawa). Yanzu auna juriya tsakanin rotor commutator ruwan wukake, bi da bi, tare da duk yiwu haduwa (ma'auni kewayon: wani 200 ohms). Ya kamata a auna ƙananan juriya koyaushe (tsari na girma sau da yawa tsakanin 2 da 4 ohms; duba littafin gyaran gyare-gyaren da ya dace da samfurin motar ku don ainihin ƙimar); idan ya kasance sifili, gajeriyar kewayawa takan faru; idan juriya yana da girma, an katse kewaye kuma ana buƙatar maye gurbin rotor.

Don gwada ɗan gajeren zuwa ƙasa, zaɓi babban kewayon aunawa (Ω) kuma. Rike gubar gwajin ja akan lamella akan manifold da baƙar fata gubar akan axis (ƙasa) bi da bi. Dole ne ku auna juriya mara iyaka daidai da haka; in ba haka ba, gajeriyar kewayawa zuwa ƙasa (lalacewar rotor).

Ba kwa buƙatar kwakkwance madaidaicin madaidaicin iri. a ƙarshen crankshaft don dubawa. Don bincika iri -iri, rotor da stator, abin da kawai za ku yi shine cire haɗin baturi da cire murfin mai canzawa.

Manifold ba shi da tsagi. Ana iya haifar da aikin janareta mara kyau ta gurɓataccen mai a fannoni da yawa, goge carbon da aka sawa, ko maɓuɓɓugar matsawa mara kyau. Bangaren janareta dole ne ya kasance babu man injin ko ruwan sama (maye gurbin gaskets da suka dace idan ya cancanta). Bincika iskar stator don buɗe ko gajarta zuwa ƙasa a cikin hanyoyin haɗin waya da suka dace kamar yadda aka bayyana a sama. Kai tsaye duba rotor windings tsakanin waƙoƙin jan ƙarfe biyu na mai tarawa (ci gaba kamar yadda aka bayyana). Yakamata ku auna ƙarancin juriya (kusan 2 zuwa 6 ohms; duba littafin bitar don ƙirar motarka don ƙimar daidai); idan babu sifili, gajeriyar da'ira tana faruwa; a high juriya, da Tuddan karya. A gefe guda, juriya da aka auna akan ƙasa dole ne ya zama mara iyaka.

Regulator / rectifier : duba mataki na 2.

Idan mai canzawa yana da lahani, kuna buƙatar yin la’akari da ko yana da kyau ɗaukar gyara zuwa bita na musamman ko siyan sashi na asali mai tsada, ko kuna iya samun sashi mai amfani da kyau. Yanayin aiki / kulawa tare da garanti daga mai siyarwa ... wani lokacin yana iya zama da fa'ida idan aka kwatanta farashin.

Duban da'irar kunna baturin - bari mu fara

01 - Ƙunƙarar wuta, fitilun fitilu, igiyoyi masu kunna wuta, tartsatsi

Idan babur ɗin baya son farawa lokacin da motar farawa ta murƙushe injin ɗin da cakuda man fetur da iska a cikin injin ɗin daidai ne (fitilar ta jike), matsalar ta faru ne saboda rashin aiki a cikin tsarin wutar lantarki na injin. ... Idan akwai karancin kuzarin kuzari ko babu walƙiya kwata -kwata, da farko duba hanyoyin haɗin waya, fitila, da tashoshin wuta. Yana da kyau a maye gurbin tsofaffin fitilun wuta, tashoshi da igiyoyin wuta kai tsaye. Yi amfani da fitilar iridium don ingantaccen aikin farawa (ingantaccen ƙonawa kyauta, ƙaramin ƙarfin walƙiya). Idan jikin coil yana da ƙananan raƙuman ruwa waɗanda ke kama da wuta, waɗannan na iya zama layin ɓarna na yanzu saboda gurɓatawa ko gajiya na kayan jikin coil (mai tsabta ko maye gurbin).

Danshi kuma yana iya shigar da murfin ƙonewa ta cikin fasa da ba a iya gani kuma yana haifar da gajerun da'irori. Sau da yawa yana faruwa cewa tsoffin murɗaɗɗen wuta suna lalacewa lokacin da injin ya yi zafi kuma suna fara aiki da zaran sun yi sanyi, a cikin abin da kawai za ku yi shine maye gurbin abubuwan.

Don bincika ingancin walƙiya, zaku iya duba rarar walƙiya tare da gwajin gwaji.

Lokacin da walƙiya ta yi ƙarfi, yakamata ta iya yin tafiya aƙalla 5-7mm daga waya mai ƙonewa zuwa ƙasa (lokacin da yanayin murɗaɗɗen yana da kyau sosai, walƙiya na iya tafiya aƙalla 10mm). ... Ba a ba da shawarar ƙyale walƙiya ta yi tafiya zuwa ƙasa injin ba tare da mai gwajin rata na walƙiya don gujewa lalata akwatin ƙonewa da kuma guje wa haɗarin girgiza wutar lantarki lokacin riƙe kebul ɗin a hannunka.

Za'a iya bayanin tartsatsin ƙarancin wutan wuta (musamman a cikin tsofaffin ababen hawa) ta hanyar juzu'in wutar lantarki a kewayen wutar lantarki (misali idan wayar ta lalace - duba ƙasa don tabbatarwa). Idan akwai shakku, muna ba da shawarar a duba igiyoyin kunna wuta ta wurin ƙwararrun bita.

02 - Akwatin wuta

Idan fitila, tashoshin walƙiya, murtsunguwa, da masu haɗa waya suna da kyau lokacin da walƙiyar ta ɓace, to akwatin kunnawa ko sarrafa ta ba daidai bane (duba ƙasa). Akwatin ƙonewa, da rashin alheri, abu ne mai tsada mai tsada. Sabili da haka, yakamata a bincika shi kawai a cikin gareji na musamman ta amfani da na'urar gwaji ta musamman. A gida, zaku iya bincika idan haɗin kebul ɗin yana cikin cikakkiyar yanayin.

Fil ɗin rotor, galibi ana ɗora shi akan mujallar crankshaft kuma yana haifar da murɗawa tare da janareta mai bugun jini ("silin murƙushewa"), yana aika bugun jini zuwa tsarin ƙonewa na lantarki. Kuna iya duba murfin mai tarawa tare da multimeter.

Zaɓi kewayon auna 2 kΩ don auna juriya. Cire haɗin coil ɗin zamewa, danna ma'aunin aunawa da kayan aiki kuma kwatanta ƙimar da aka auna tare da littafin gyaran ƙirar motarka. Juriya da ta yi tsayi da yawa tana nuna katsewa, kuma juriyar da ta yi ƙasa da ƙasa tana nuna gajeriyar kewayawa. Sannan saita multimeter ɗin ku zuwa kewayon 2MΩ sannan ku auna juriya tsakanin iska da ƙasa - idan ba "marasa iyaka" ba to gajere zuwa ƙasa da nada yakamata a maye gurbinsu.

Duba tsarin farawa - bari mu tafi

01 - Relay mai farawa

Idan kun ji ana dannawa ko humming lokacin da kuke ƙoƙarin farawa, lokacin da mai kunnawa baya crank injin ɗin kuma batirin yana da caji sosai, mai yiwuwa mai kunnawa ya yi kyau. The Starter gudun ba da sanda yana fitar da wayoyi da na'urar kewayawa mai farawa. Don dubawa, cire relay. Saita multimeter don auna juriya ( kewayon ma'auni: 200 ohms). Haɗa jagorar gwajin zuwa mai haɗe mai kauri akan baturi da kauri mai haɗawa zuwa mai farawa. Riƙe haɗin da aka cire na cikakken cajin baturi 12V a gefen mara kyau na gudun ba da sanda (duba Hoton Wiring don ƙirar babur mai dacewa) da ingantaccen haɗin kai a gefen mai kyau na gudun ba da sanda (duba zanen Wiring - yawanci haɗi zuwa maɓallin farawa) .

Relay ya kamata yanzu "danna" kuma yakamata ku auna 0 ohms.

Idan juriya ta fi girma fiye da 0 ohms, relay ɗin ba daidai bane ko da ya karye. Idan relay ɗin bai ƙone ba, dole ne a maye gurbinsa. Idan za ku iya samun saitunan a cikin littafin bitar don ƙirar motarka, ku ma za ku iya duba juriya na ciki na gudun ba da sanda tare da ohmmeter. Don yin wannan, riƙe nasihun gwajin mai gwajin akan madaidaitan hanyoyin haɗin kai kuma karanta ƙimar.

02 - Mai farawa

Idan mai farawa ba ya aiki tare da relay mai aiki da baturi mai cikakken caji, bincika maɓallin farawa; akan tsofaffin ababen hawa, galibi ana katse hulɗar saboda lalata. A wannan yanayin, tsaftace farfajiya tare da sandpaper da ɗan fesa lamba. Duba maɓallin farawa ta hanyar auna juriya tare da multimeter tare da cire haɗin kebul ɗin. Idan kun auna juriya fiye da 0 ohms, sauyawa baya aiki (sake tsaftacewa, sannan sake auna).

Don bincika mai farawa, cire shi daga babur (cire baturin), sannan sake haɗa shi.

Fara ta hanyar bincika ƙarfin da maɓuɓɓugar buroshi ke amfani da su da tsayin goga na carbon (maye gurbin gogeran da aka sawa). Tsaftace manifold da man fetur ko tsabtace birki (degreased); idan ya cancanta, taɓa tare da takarda mai kyau.

Zurfin ramukan da yawa yakamata ya kasance tsakanin 0,5 da 1 mm. ; Yanke su da ruwan zani na bakin ciki idan ya cancanta (ko maye gurbin rotor).

Don bincika gajarta zuwa ƙasa da buɗewa, da farko aiwatar da ma'aunin juriya mai canzawa: da farko saita multimeter zuwa ma'aunin ma'aunin 200 ohms kuma daidai gwargwado auna juriya tsakanin ramuka biyu na mai tara rotor tare da duk haɗuwa mai yuwuwa.

Ya kamata a auna ƙarancin juriya koyaushe (<1 ohm - koma zuwa littafin gyara don ƙirar motar ku don ainihin ƙimar).

Lokacin da juriya ya yi yawa, kewayawa yana karya kuma rotor ya kasa. Sannan zaɓi kewayon aunawa har zuwa 2 MΩ akan multimeter. Rike gubar gwajin ja akan lamella akan manifold da baƙar fata gubar akan axis (ƙasa) bi da bi. Dole ne ku auna juriya mara iyaka daidai da haka; in ba haka ba, ɗan gajeren kewayawa zuwa ƙasa yana faruwa kuma na'urar rotor shima kuskure ne.

Idan stator stator sanye take da filin iska a maimakon dindindin maganadisu, kuma duba cewa babu gajeriyar hanya zuwa ƙasa (idan juriya tsakanin ƙasa da filin ba ta da iyaka, maye gurbin tudun) kuma duba don buɗe da'ira. (juriya a cikin iskar yakamata tayi ƙasa, duba sama).

Duba kayan aikin wayoyi, masu sauyawa, da sauransu - Mu Tafi

01 - Maɓalli, masu haɗawa, makullin kunna wuta, kayan aikin waya

A cikin shekaru da yawa, lalata da gurɓatawa na iya haifar da juriya mai tsanani ga hanyar wucewa ta hanyar haɗin kai da masu sauyawa, kayan aikin waya waɗanda aka "pitted" (lalata) su ne masu jagoranci mara kyau. A cikin mafi munin yanayi, wannan gaba ɗaya ya “gudanar da” sashin, yayin da ƙarancin lalacewa yana rage ayyukan masu amfani, kamar walƙiya ko kunnawa, zuwa babba ko ƙarami. Yawancin lokaci ya isa a ƙaddamar da abubuwan da aka haɗa zuwa dubawa na gani: lalata shafuka akan masu haɗawa da lambobi masu kyawu a kan maɓalli dole ne a tsaftace su ta hanyar goge su ko yashi, sannan a sake haɗa su bayan amfani da ƙaramin adadin feshin lamba. Sauya igiyoyi da waya mai launin kore. A kan babur, ma'aunin kebul na 1,5 yawanci ya isa, babban kebul ɗin ya kamata ya zama ɗan kauri kaɗan, haɗin baturi zuwa relay na farawa da kebul na farawa yana da girma na musamman.

Ƙididdigar tsayin daka suna ba da ƙarin cikakkun bayanai na haɓaka. Don yin wannan, cire haɗin baturi, saita multimeter zuwa ma'aunin ma'aunin 200 Ohm, danna matakan aunawa akan ƙullen kebul na mai canzawa ko mai haɗawa (canzawa a matsayin aiki). Gwargwadon ƙarfin da ya fi kusan 0 ohms yana nuna lahani, gurɓatawa, ko lalacewar lalacewa.

Hakanan ma'aunin juzu'in wutar lantarki yana ba da bayanai game da ingancin ƙarfin abin. Don yin wannan, zaɓi kewayon ma'auni na 20 V (volt ɗin DC) akan multimeter. Cire haɗin igiyoyi masu inganci da mara kyau daga mabukaci, ɗauki titin auna baƙar fata akan kebul mara kyau da jan titin aunawa akan ingantaccen kebul na wuta. Ya kamata a auna ƙarfin lantarki na 12,5 volts (idan zai yiwu, ƙarfin baturi bai ragu ba) - ƙananan dabi'u suna nuna kasancewar asara.

02 - Magudanar ruwa

Ba ku fitar da babur ɗinku na kwanaki da yawa ba kuma baturin ya riga ya ƙare? Ko dai mabukaci mai ruɗi shi ne abin zargi (alal misali, agogon da cibiyar sadarwar dake cikin jirgi ke amfani da shi), ko ɓarkewar ruwan yana fitar da batirinka. Irin wannan kumburin ruwan zai iya, alal misali, ya haifar da makullin tuƙi, canji mara kyau, relay, ko kebul da ya makale ko ya gaji saboda gogayya. Don ƙayyade halin fitar ruwa, auna halin yanzu tare da multimeter.

Ka tuna cewa don gujewa yawan zafi, an haramta shi sosai don fallasa multimeter zuwa halin yanzu fiye da 10 A (duba Umarnin Tsaro akan www.louis-moto.fr). Sabili da haka, haramun ne a auna ma'aunin amperage akan madaidaicin kebul na wutar lantarki zuwa mai farawa, akan kebul ɗin baturi mai kauri zuwa ga relay na farawa ko a janareta!

Da farko kashe kunnan, sannan cire haɗin kebul mara kyau daga baturin. Zaɓi kewayon auna milliamp akan multimeter. Riƙe jagoran gwajin ja akan kebul mara kyau da aka katse da baƙar fata gubar akan madaidaicin baturi. Lokacin da aka auna halin yanzu, wannan yana tabbatar da kasancewar ɗigon ruwa.

Babban kuskure

Shin wutsiyar wutsiyarku tana yin rauni da rauni lokacin da kuka kunna siginar juyawa? Ayyukan lantarki ba sa aiki da cikakken ƙarfi? Yawan motarka yana da lahani. Koyaushe duba cewa kebul na ƙasa kuma ba shakka haɗin kebul ɗin yana da alaƙa da baturi. Gurɓatawa (ba koyaushe ake iya gani nan da nan ba) akan tashoshi na iya haifar da matsalolin tuntuɓar juna. Yaren mutanen Poland kashe oxyidation baƙaƙen jagora tare da wuka mai amfani. Rufin haske na man shafawa na kare kariya daga ɓarna.

Don nemo tushen, cire fuse daga babur ɗaya bayan ɗaya. Wurin lantarki wanda fis ɗinsa "keɓewa" mitar shine tushen fitar ruwa a halin yanzu kuma dole ne a bincika sosai.

Nasihu na kari don masu son DIY na gaskiya

Amfani mara kyau na ginshiƙin tuƙi

Ba a tsara jigon tuƙi don samar da lalatacciyar ƙasa ga masu amfani da wutar lantarki daban -daban ba. Koyaya, ana amfani dashi don wannan dalili akan wasu babura. Kuma yayin da ɗaukar hoto ke yin kyakkyawan aiki a wannan, ba shi da kyau. Lokaci -lokaci, ana iya haifar da halin yanzu na 10 A ko sama da haka, yana haifar da jujjuyawar zuwa husawa da samar da ƙaramin welds akan kwallaye da rollers. Wannan sabon abu yana ƙara lalacewa. Don yin aiki a kusa da matsalar, gudanar da ƙaramin waya daga toshe zuwa firam. An warware matsalar!

... Kuma injin yana tsayawa a tsakiyar juyawa

wannan na iya faruwa lokacin da aka kunna firikwensin karkatarwa. Wannan yawanci yana kashe injin ne kawai idan hadari ya faru. Ana amfani da irin wannan firikwensin akan babura iri -iri. Canje -canje ga waɗannan motocin da haɗuwa mara kyau na iya haifar da mummunan aiki wanda zai iya zama haɗari. Suna ma iya kaiwa ga mutuwa.

Dole masu haɗin toshe su zama masu hana ruwa.

A cikin adalci, masu haɗin plug ɗin da ba su da ruwa suna yin babban bambanci. A cikin busasshe, yanayin rana, suna iya yin aikinsu da kyau. Amma a cikin ruwan sama da yanayin damina, abubuwa suna da wuya! Don haka, saboda dalilan aminci, ya fi dacewa a maye gurbin waɗannan masu haɗin haɗin tare da masu hana ruwa. Ko a lokacin da bayan wanka mai kyau!

Louis Tech Center

Don duk tambayoyin fasaha game da babur ɗinku, tuntuɓi cibiyar fasaha ta mu. A can za ku sami lambobin ƙwararru, kundayen adireshi da adiresoshi marasa iyaka.

Alama!

Shawarwarin injiniyoyi suna ba da jagororin gabaɗaya waɗanda ƙila ba za su shafi duk abin hawa ba ko duk abubuwan da aka gyara. A wasu lokuta, takamaiman rukunin yanar gizon na iya bambanta sosai. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa ba za mu iya ba da wani garanti ba dangane da daidaiton umarnin da aka bayar a cikin shawarwarin injin.

Na gode da fahimtarka.