C-130 Hercules sufuri jirgin sama a Turai

Rundunar Sojan Sama tana da jirgin jigilar C-130E Hercules na tsawon shekaru takwas yanzu; Poland a halin yanzu tana aiki da injina guda biyar na irin wannan. Hoton Piotr Lysakovski

Lockheed Martin C-130 Hercules shine ainihin gunki na dabarar safarar jiragen sama na soja kuma a lokaci guda maƙasudi ga sauran ƙirar irin wannan a cikin duniya. An tabbatar da iyawa da amincin wannan nau'in jirgin ta shekaru da yawa na aiki lafiya. Har yanzu tana samun masu siye, kuma ana sabunta rukunin da aka gina a baya tare da gyara su, suna tsawaita rayuwar sabis na shekaru masu zuwa. A yau akwai kasashe goma sha biyar a nahiyarmu C-130 Hercules.

Austria

Austria na da manyan jiragen sama na C-130K guda uku, wanda a cikin 2003-2004 aka samu daga hannun jari na RAF kuma ya maye gurbin jirgin CASA CN-235-300. Suna tallafawa aikin Ostiriya a kai a kai a Kosovo kuma, idan ya cancanta, ana kuma amfani da su don kwashe 'yan ƙasa daga wuraren da ake barazana. Jirgin da Ostiriya ta samu wani nau'i ne na musamman wanda aka daidaita don bukatun Birtaniyya kuma ana iya kwatanta kayan aikinsa da injinan irin wannan a cikin zaɓuɓɓukan E da H. Dangane da albarkatun da ake da su - bayan haɓakawa - Austrian C-130K za ta iya zama a ciki. sabis aƙalla har 2025. Suna ba da rahoto ga Kommando Luftunterstützung kuma suna aiki a ƙarƙashin Lufttransportstaffel daga Filin jirgin saman Linz-Hörsching.

Ostiriya tana da matsakaicin girman C-130K na jigilar kayayyaki da aka samo daga hannun jarin jiragen sama na sojan Burtaniya. Za su ci gaba da aiki har zuwa aƙalla 2025. Bandshir

Belgium

Bangaren zirga-zirgar jiragen sama na Sojojin Belgian yana sanye da jiragen jigilar kayayyaki 11 C-130 a cikin gyare-gyare E (1) da H (10). Daga cikin C-130H goma sha biyu da suka shiga sabis tsakanin 1972 da 1973, goma suna ci gaba da aiki. Motoci biyu sun yi asarar aiki; Don rufe asarar, Belgium a Amurka ta sami ƙarin jigilar C-130E. Jirgin dai yana ci gaba da yin gyare-gyaren da aka tsara kuma ana sabunta shi akai-akai, gami da maye gurbin fuka-fuki da na'urorin jirgin sama. Ana sa ran za su ci gaba da aiki har zuwa aƙalla 2020. Belgium ba ta yanke shawarar siyan sabbin C-130Js ba, amma ta shiga cikin shirin Tsaro na Airbus da Space A400M. Gabaɗaya, an shirya ƙaddamar da injuna guda bakwai na wannan nau'in a cikin jeri. Belgian S-130s suna aiki a matsayin ɓangare na ƙungiyar 20th daga sansanin Melsbroek (reshen sufuri na 15th).

Denmark

Denmark ta yi amfani da C-130 na dogon lokaci. A halin yanzu, jirgin saman sojan Danish yana dauke da jirgin C-130J-30, i.е. wani tsawaita sigar sabon jirgin saman Hercules. A baya can, Danes yana da motoci 3 irin wannan a cikin nau'in H, wanda aka kawo a cikin saba'in na karni na karshe. An sake sayar da su zuwa Masar a shekara ta 2004. An maye gurbinsu da sababbin jirage guda huɗu na jigilar kayayyaki, wanda ya ƙare a shekara ta 2007. Jirgin C-130J-30 wanda aka shimfiɗa zai iya ɗaukar sojoji 92 maimakon 128 da kayan aiki na sirri. Jirgin yana aiki a cikin jirgin. Jirgin Jirgin Sama Wing Aalborg Transport Wing (721 Squadron) mai tushe a filin jirgin sama na Aalborg. Ana amfani da su akai-akai don tallafawa ayyukan kasa da kasa da suka shafi Sojojin Danish.

Faransa

Faransa tana daya daga cikin manyan masu amfani da C-130 a Turai kuma a halin yanzu yana da 14 nau'in Faransanci 130 tare da irin girma zuwa sabon C-30- J-130s. zuwa tawagar 30 "Franche-Comte", wanda aka kafa a gindin 02.061 Orleans-Brisy. Motoci 123 na farko sun karɓi har zuwa 12. An siyo wasu biyu daga baya a Zaire. A karshe dai jiragen na C-1987H na sojojin saman Faransa za su maye gurbinsu da A130Ms, wadanda a hankali sojojin saman Faransa ke karbe su da kuma sanya su aiki. Sakamakon jinkiri a cikin shirin A400M, Faransa ta ba da umarnin ƙarin C-400s guda huɗu (tare da zaɓi don ƙarin biyu) kuma ta yanke shawarar ƙirƙirar rukunin haɗin gwiwa tare da jirgin sama na wannan nau'in tare da Jamus (a wannan shekarar gwamnatin Jamus ta sanar da cewa tana da niyyar siya). 130 C-6J tare da bayarwa a cikin 130). Baya ga nau'in sufuri na KC-2019J, Faransa kuma ta zaɓi jigilar maƙasudi da nau'in mai na KC-130J (kowace ta saya cikin adadin guda biyu).

Girka

Girkawa suna amfani da C-130 ta hanyoyi biyu. Mafi shahara shine nau'in H, wanda ke da kwafi 8, amma jirgin yana ɗaya daga cikin gyare-gyare na farko, watau. B, har yanzu ana amfani da su - akwai biyar daga cikinsu a hannun jari. A cikin nau'in "B" na jirgin sama, an sabunta avionics tare da daidaitawa zuwa matsayi na zamani. Baya ga motocin jigilar kayayyaki, Girkawa suna da ƙarin jiragen bincike na lantarki guda biyu a cikin ainihin nau'in H. Bugu da ƙari, an rasa lokuta biyu na H yayin aiki. Kamar nau'in B, nau'in H kuma ya sami haɓaka haɓakar avionics (duka nau'ikan masana'antar Hellenic Aerospace Industry an gyara su a cikin 2006-2010). Jirgin C-130H ya shiga aiki a 1975. Sannan, a cikin 130s, an sayi C-356Bs da aka yi amfani da su daga Amurka. Sun kasance wani ɓangare na Squadron na Tactical Transport Squadron na XNUMX kuma suna tsaye a Elefsis Base.

Spain

Spain tana da jirgin sama 12 S-130 a cikin gyare-gyare guda uku. Ƙarfin ya dogara ne akan daidaitattun sassan sufuri na C-130H guda 7, ɗaya daga cikinsu tsawaita ce ta C-130H-30, sauran biyar ɗin kuma nau'in mai na iska ne na KC-130H. An harhada jiragen a cikin tawaga ta 311 da ta 312 daga reshe na 31 da ke Zaragoza. 312 Squadron ne ke da alhakin samar da iskar mai. An yiwa jiragen saman Spain lamba T-10 na ma'aikatan sufuri da kuma TK-10 na tanka. Hercules na farko ya shiga layin a cikin 1973. An haɓaka S-130s na Mutanen Espanya don ci gaba da hidima na dogon lokaci. A ƙarshe, ya kamata Spain ta canza zuwa jirgin jigilar A400M, amma saboda matsalolin kuɗi, makomar zirga-zirgar jiragen sama ba ta da tabbas.

Ana loda kwandon likita cikin C-130 na Sipaniya. A karkashin ramp za ku iya ganin abin da ake kira. stool don hana gaban jirgin sama daga sama. Hoton Sojojin Sama na Sipaniya

Netherlands

Netherlands tana da jirgin sama 4 na nau'in C-130 H, biyu daga cikinsu sigar miƙe ne. Jirgin yana aiki a matsayin wani ɓangare na 336th Transport Squadron da ke filin jirgin sama na Eindhoven. An ba da umarnin C-130H-30 a cikin 1993 kuma an kawo su duka a shekara mai zuwa. An ba da umarni biyu na gaba a cikin 2004 kuma an ba da su a cikin 2010. An ba wa jirgin sunaye masu kyau don girmama matukan jirgin da ke da muhimmanci ga tarihin kasar: G-273 "Ben Swagerman", G-275 "Jop Müller", G-781 "Bob Van der Stock", G-988 "Willem den Toom". Ana amfani da motocin sosai don ayyukan agajin jin kai da kuma ɗaukar mutanen Holland don ayyukan ketare.

Netherlands tana da jiragen jigilar Lockheed Martin C-130H Hercules guda hudu, biyu daga cikinsu ma'aikatan sufuri ne a cikin abin da ake kira. C-130N-30 mai tsawo. Hoto daga RNAF

Norway

Mutanen Norway sun yi amfani da jirgin sama na matsakaicin sufuri na 6 C-130 a cikin gajeren sigar H tsawon shekaru masu yawa, amma bayan shekaru da yawa sun yanke shawarar maye gurbinsu da ƙarin jiragen jigilar jigilar kayayyaki na zamani a cikin J variant, a cikin tsawaita sigar. C-130H ya shiga sabis a cikin 1969 kuma ya tashi har zuwa 2008. Norway ta ba da umarni kuma ta karɓi C-2008J-2010s biyar a cikin 130-30; daya daga cikinsu ya yi hatsari a shekarar 2012, amma a wannan shekarar an sayi wata mota irin wannan don maye gurbinta. C-130J-30s na 335 Squadron Gardermoen Air Base.

Polska

Rundunar sojojinmu ta Air Force tana amfani da masu jigilar S-130 a cikin nau'in E shekaru takwas yanzu. Poland tana da motoci biyar na irin wannan nau'in tare da lambobin wutsiya daga 1501 zuwa 1505 da sunayen da suka dace: "Sarauniya" (1501), "Cobra" (1502). "Charlene" (1504 d.) da "Dreamliner" (1505). Kwafi 1503 ba shi da take. Dukkanin biyar suna dogara ne a tashar jirgin sama na 33 na sufuri a Powidzie. An mika mana motocin ne a karkashin shirin tallafi na tallafin sojojin kasashen waje daga ma'ajiyar sojojin saman Amurka kuma an gyara su kafin a kai su don tabbatar da ci gaba da amfani da su. Ana amfani da injinan kuma ana yi musu hidima na dindindin a Powidzie da WZL No. 2 SA a cikin Bydgoszcz. Tun daga farko, an yi amfani da su sosai don tallafa wa sojojin Poland a cikin ayyukan waje.

Portugal

Jirgin sufuri na Portuguese C-130 Hercules. A cikin sashin jiki na sama akwai kewayawa da dome na kallo, abin da ake kira. astro dome. Hoton Sojojin Sama na Portuguese

Portugal tana da nau'ikan H-5 C-130, uku daga cikinsu suna miƙe ne. Suna ɓangare na 501st Bison Squadron kuma suna cikin Montijo. Hercules na farko ya shiga Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Portuguese a 1977. Tun daga nan, Portuguese C-130Hs sun shiga sama da sa'o'i 70 a cikin iska. A shekarar da ta gabata, an yi asarar injin guda daya na irin wannan, kuma daya daga cikin biyar din yana cikin wani yanayi na rashin lafiya.

Romania

Romania na ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashen da ke amfani da C-130 mafi tsufa a nahiyarmu. A halin yanzu tana da C-130 guda hudu, uku daga cikinsu B da H daya ne. Dukkanin jirage suna nan a tashar sufurin jiragen sama na 90 da ke filin jirgin sama na Henri Coanda kusa da Bucharest. Baya ga S-130, wasu motocin sufuri na Romania da kuma jirgin shugaban kasa suna nan a sansanin. An isar da sigar farko ta S-130 B zuwa ƙasar a cikin 1996. An kawo wasu uku a cikin shekaru masu zuwa. Jirgin sama a cikin gyare-gyaren B ya fito ne daga hannun jari na Sojan Sama na Amurka, yayin da C-130H, ya karɓi a cikin 2007, a baya ya yi aiki a cikin jirgin saman Italiya. Duk da cewa an inganta su duka, uku ne kawai ke tashi a halin yanzu, sauran kuma ana ajiye su a sansanin Otopeni.

Ɗaya daga cikin C-130Bs na Romanian a cikin jirgin. Hoton Sojojin Saman Romania

Sweden

Wannan kasa ta zama ta farko mai amfani da C-130 a Turai kuma tana amfani da na'urori 6 na irin wannan, biyar daga cikinsu nau'in jigilar H da nau'i guda na mai na iska, wanda kuma ya samo asali ne daga wannan samfurin. Gabaɗaya, ƙasar ta karɓi Hercules takwas, amma manyan C-130E guda biyu, waɗanda suka shiga sabis a cikin 2014s, an soke su a cikin 130. C-1981H sun shiga sabis a cikin 130 kuma sababbi ne kuma ana kiyaye su sosai. An kuma inganta su. C-84 a Sweden an yiwa alama TP 2020. Ɗaya daga cikin matsalolin ma'aikatan sufuri na Sweden shine dokokin da suka fara aiki a cikin 8, waɗanda ke ƙarfafa bukatun kayan aiki a cikin jirgin lokacin da suke tashi a sararin samaniyar jama'a. A watan Mayun 2030 na wannan shekara, an yanke shawarar dakatar da shirye-shiryen sayan sabbin jiragen sufuri da na zamani. Za a mayar da hankali sosai kan sabunta fasahar jiragen sama, kuma aikinsa ya kamata ya yiwu a kalla har zuwa 2020. Za a aiwatar da haɓakar da aka tsara a cikin 2024-XNUMX.

Yaren mutanen Sweden C-130H Hercules sun dace da man fetur na iska. Wannan kasa ta zama ta farko da ta fara amfani da irin wannan jirgin a Turai. Hoton Sojojin Sama na Sweden

Turkiyya

Turkiyya na amfani da tsoffin gyare-gyare na C-130B da E. An samu C-130B guda shida a 1991-1992, kuma an saka C-130E guda goma sha huɗu a cikin kashi biyu. An siyi injuna 8 na farko irin wannan a 1964-1974, shida na gaba kuma an siyo su ne daga Saudi Arabiya a 2011. Inji daya daga rukunin farko ya karye a 1968. Dukkanin su kayan aiki ne na babban filin jirgin sama na 12 da ke a birnin Saudi Arabiya, tsakiyar Anatoliya, birnin Kayseri. Jiragen sama sun tashi daga filin jirgin sama na Erkilet a matsayin wani bangare na 222 Squadron, kuma sansanin sojan da kansa ya kasance sansanin jiragen C-160, wanda ke daina aiki, da kuma jirgin A400M da aka kaddamar kwanan nan. Turkawa sun sabunta jiragensu na zamani, inda suke kokarin kara shigar da masana'antunsu sannu a hankali a cikin wannan aiki, wanda wani lamari ne da ke da nasaba da dukkan sojojin Turkiyya.

Biritaniya

A halin yanzu Burtaniya tana amfani da C-130 kawai a cikin sabon nau'in J, kuma tushen su shine RAF Brize Norton (a baya, tun 1967, ana amfani da injin irin wannan a cikin bambancin K). Jirgin ya dace da bukatun Birtaniyya kuma suna da sunan gida C4 ko C5. Dukkanin raka'a 24 da aka saya kayan aiki ne daga XXIV, 30 da 47 Squadrons, wanda na farko ya tsunduma cikin aikin horar da jiragen C-130J da A400M. Sigar C5 ita ce gajeriyar sigar, yayin da ƙirar C4 ta dace da “dogon” C-130J-30. Jiragen saman Burtaniya na wannan nau'in za su ci gaba da aiki tare da RAF har zuwa akalla 2030, kodayake an shirya janye su a 2022. Duk ya dogara da saurin tura sabbin jiragen A400M.

Wani dan Burtaniya C-130J Hercules yana isa Amurka a wannan shekara don halartar atisayen sama na Red Flag na kasa da kasa. Hoton RAAF

Italiya

A yau, akwai nau'ikan Hercules J guda 19 a cikin jirgin saman soja na Italiya, uku daga cikinsu jiragen ruwa ne na KC-130J, sauran kuma jiragen jigilar kayayyaki ne na C-130J na gargajiya. An sanya su aiki a cikin 2000-2005 kuma suna cikin Brigade na 46th Aviation Brigade daga Pisa San, kasancewar kayan aiki na 2nd da 50th squadrons. Italiyawa suna da manyan abubuwan jigilar C-130J da kuma tsawaita motocin. An tsara wani zaɓi mai ban sha'awa don jigilar marasa lafiya tare da cututtuka masu yaduwa tare da cikakkiyar warewa. A cikin duka, an sayi jigilar 22 C-130J don jirgin saman soja na Italiya (sun maye gurbin tsofaffin jirgin saman C-130H, na ƙarshe wanda aka janye daga layin a 2002), biyu daga cikinsu sun ɓace yayin aiki a 2009 da 2014.

Halin da ake ciki a kasuwar Turai

Dangane da batun sufurin jiragen sama, kasuwar Turai a yau tana da wahala sosai ga Lockheed Martin, wanda ya kera na Hercules na almara. Gasar cikin gida ta dade tana da ƙarfi, kuma ƙarin ƙalubale ga samfuran Amurka kuma shine yadda ƙasashe da yawa ke aiki tare a shirye-shiryen jiragen sama na haɗin gwiwa. Don haka ya kasance tare da jirgin jigilar C-160 Transall, wanda a hankali ke fitowa daga layin taron, da kuma A400M, wanda ke zuwa amfani da shi. Motar ta ƙarshe ta fi na Hercules girma kuma tana da ikon aiwatar da jigilar dabaru, da kuma yin ayyuka na dabara, waɗanda S-130 suka kware a ciki. Gabatarwar sa yana rufe sayayya a cikin ƙasashe kamar Burtaniya, Faransa, Jamus da Spain.

Wata matsala mai tsanani ga masu saye na Turai ita ce iyakacin kudade don makamai. Ko da Sweden masu arziki sun yanke shawarar ba za su sayi sabbin masu jigilar kayayyaki ba, amma kawai don sabunta waɗanda ke da su.

Kasuwancin jiragen da aka yi amfani da su yana da girma, wanda ke ba mu damar ba da kayan haɓakawa da ayyuka masu dangantaka da kiyaye jiragen sama a cikin shirye-shiryen yaki na shekaru masu zuwa. A yau, jirgin sama yana tsaye a layi na shekaru 40 ko 50, wanda ke nufin cewa mai siye yana daure ga masana'anta na shekaru masu yawa. Hakanan yana nufin aƙalla babban haɓaka jirgin sama, da ƙarin fakitin gyare-gyaren da zai ƙara ƙarfinsa. Tabbas, domin hakan ya yiwu, dole ne a fara sayar da jirgin. Sabili da haka, duk da rashin sababbin umarni daga kasashe mafi arziki a Turai, har yanzu akwai yiwuwar kimanin shekaru goma sha biyu na tallafi ga motocin da aka yi amfani da su.

Ɗaya daga cikin mafita ga ƙananan ƙasashe waɗanda ke buƙatar sabunta jiragen ruwan su shine tsarin aiki da yawa. Lokacin amfani da jirgin sama na yaƙi, yana iya aiki da kyau a cikin sufurin jiragen sama kuma. Siyan jiragen sama masu iya iyaka ga jigilar kayayyaki da mutane na iya zama da wahala a tabbatar da hakan, musamman idan har yanzu kayan aikin suna kan aiki. Duk da haka, idan kun kalli batun sosai kuma ku yanke shawarar siyan jiragen sama wanda, ban da karfin jigilar su, zai dace da mai da jiragen sama masu saukar ungulu, tallafawa ayyuka na musamman ko tallafawa fagen fama a cikin rikice-rikice na asymmetric ko ayyukan bincike, siyan C-. Jiragen sama 130 suna ɗaukar ma'ana daban.

Komai, kamar yadda aka saba, zai dogara ne akan kuɗin da ake samu kuma yakamata ya sauko don ƙididdige yuwuwar riba daga siyan takamaiman gyare-gyare na S-130. Dole ne jirgin sama a cikin tsari mai fa'ida da yawa dole ya zama tsada fiye da daidaitattun gyare-gyaren sufuri.

Masu iya siyan S-130

Kasashen da suka riga sun yi amfani da tsofaffin nau'ikan suna da alama kamar waɗanda suka fi samun sabon jirgin jigilar sufuri. Ko da yake akwai tazara tsakanin bambancin J daga H da E, amma wannan zai zama jujjuya zuwa sabon juzu'i, kuma ba zuwa jirgin sama daban-daban ba. Kamfanonin gine-ginen kuma, bisa manufa, za su kasance a shirye don ɗaukar sabbin injina. Kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata, Sweden ta fice daga rukunin masu siyar da kayayyaki kuma ta yanke shawarar haɓakawa.

Rukunin masu siye tabbas Poland ne, tare da buƙatar motoci huɗu ko shida. Wata ƙasa da ke buƙatar musayar kayan jigilar kayayyaki ita ce Romania. Yana da tsoffin kwafi a cikin sigar B, kodayake yana cikin tafkin ƙasashe masu buƙatu masu yawa da ƙarancin kasafin kuɗi. Bugu da ƙari, yana da jirgin C-27J Spartan, wanda, ko da yake ƙananan girmansa, yana aiki da kyau. Wani mai yiwuwa mai siya shine Ostiriya, wacce ke amfani da tsohon ɗan Biritaniya C-130Ks. Lokacin hidimarsu yana da iyaka, kuma idan aka yi la'akari da tsarin jujjuyawar da kuma layin isar da kayayyaki, lokacin da za a yi shawarwarin yana nan gaba. A cikin yanayin ƙananan ƙasashe kamar Ostiriya, yana yiwuwa kuma a yi amfani da haɗin haɗin haɗin kai tare da wata ƙasa a yankin. Kamar Romania, Bulgaria kuma ta zaɓi ƙananan Spartans, don haka samun sabon nau'in matsakaicin jirgin sama ba zai yuwu ba. Girka na iya zama mai yuwuwar siyan S-130, amma kasar na fama da matsananciyar matsalolin kudi, kuma tana shirin sabunta jiragenta na yaki da farko, da kuma sayen na'urorin kariya na jiragen sama da na makami mai linzami. Portugal tana amfani da C-130Hs amma tana son siyan Embraer KC-390s. Ya zuwa yanzu, ba a kammala ko da zaɓi ɗaya ba, amma an ƙiyasta damar juyar da injinan H zuwa injin J a matsayin fatalwa.

Da alama Turkiyya tana da babbar dama. Tana da manyan jirage masu saukar ungulu na nau'in B da kuma na C-160, wanda kuma nan ba da jimawa ba za a sauya shi da wani sabon nau'i. Yana cikin shirin A400M, amma kwafin da aka ba da oda ba zai cika dukkan buƙatun jiragen sufuri ba. Ɗaya daga cikin matsalolin waɗannan sayayya na iya kasancewa tabarbarewar dangantakar diflomasiyya tsakanin Amurka da Turkiyya a baya-bayan nan da kuma sha'awar ƙara cin gashin kansu na masana'antar soji.