Ruwan birki daga TRW
Takaitaccen tarihin kamfanin
An kafa TRW a cikin jihar Michigan ta Amurka (Livonia) a cikin 1904. Da farko, kamfanin ya yi niyya don samar da sassan tsarin birki don masana'antar kera motoci masu tasowa cikin sauri.
Oda na farko mai mahimmanci ga kamfanin a cikin 1908 shine haɓakawa da samar da ƙafafun katako don motocin matasa da sauri girma kamfanin Ford. A cikin 1928, sashen injiniya na TRW ya haɓaka tare da aiwatar da birki na filin ajiye motoci cikin ƙirar motar haja ta Ford.
A cikin shekaru masu zuwa, kamfanin ya haɓaka da kuma gabatar da sabbin fasahohi a fagen tsarin birki da tuƙi na motoci. Alal misali, a cikin rabin na biyu na karni na XNUMX, kamfanin ya ɓullo da mafi yawan ci-gaba na anti-kulle birki tsarin a wancan lokacin da kuma lashe babban m zuwa sabis dukan line na GM motoci.
A yau, TRW ita ce jagora a duniya wajen kera sitiyari da kayan aikin motoci na zamani, da kuma sauran abubuwan da ake amfani da su na masana'antar kera motoci.
Bayanin Ruwan Birki na TRW
Nan da nan, mun lura da halaye na gama gari da yawa waɗanda ke cikin duk ruwan birki na TRW.
- Gaskiya mai inganci. Duk ruwan birki na TRW sun zarce ƙa'idodin ƙasa da ƙasa.
- Ƙarfafawa da daidaituwa na abun da ke ciki na ruwa, ba tare da la'akari da tsari ba. Ko da mai ƙira, ruwan birki na iya haɗawa da juna lafiya.
- Kyakkyawan juriya ga tarin danshi a cikin adadin ruwa, wanda ke tsawaita rayuwar sabis.
- Farashin ya fi girma fiye da matsakaicin kasuwa, amma ba rikodin a cikin sashi ba.
Yi la'akari da ruwan birki na TRW a halin yanzu akan kasuwar Rasha, farawa da mafi sauƙi.
- DOT 4. Mafi sauki na iyali. An ƙirƙira bisa ga tsarin gargajiya: glycol da fakitin ƙari. Ya dace da tsarin birki da aka sauke masu daraja DOT-3 ko DOT-4. Daga baya, tebur yana gabatar da ainihin (ba daga ma'auni na Ma'aikatar Sufuri ta Amurka ba, amma an samu ta hanyar bincike) halaye na abubuwan ruwa da ake tambaya.
| Тbale bushe, °C | Тbale zafi., °C | Dankowar jiki a 100 ° C, cSt | Dankowar jiki a -40 ° C, cSt |
| 270 | 163 | 2,34 | 1315 |
Kamar yadda ake iya gani daga tebur, ruwa yana da mahimmanci fiye da bukatun ma'aunin DOT. Yana riƙe ruwa a ƙananan yanayin zafi. A yanayin zafi mai yawa, yana da isasshen danko don kada ya rasa kayan shafawa.
- DOT 4 ESP. Ruwan birki da aka ƙera don motocin farar hula tare da ABS da sarrafa kwanciyar hankali ta atomatik.
| Тbale bushe, °C | Тbale zafi., °C | Dankowar jiki a 100 ° C, cSt | Dankowar jiki a -40 ° C, cSt |
| 267 | 172 | 2,1 | 675 |
Ruwan yana jurewa da kyau tare da matsalar zubar ruwa kuma baya sag a wurin tafasa. Ƙananan ƙarancin zafin jiki na ƙananan zafin jiki shine saboda buƙatar ma'auni don tsarin tare da ABS da ESP. Danko har zuwa 750 cSt ana ɗaukar al'ada a nan.
- DOT 4 Racing. An ƙarfafa tare da ƙari, ruwan birki na glycol wanda aka ƙera don tsarin ɗaukar nauyi, wanda aka ƙera don saduwa da ma'aunin DOT-4.
| Тbale bushe, °C | Тbale zafi., °C | Dankowar jiki a 100 ° C, cSt | Dankowar jiki a -40 ° C, cSt |
| 312 | 204 | 2,5 | 1698 |
Wannan samfurin yana da babban juriya na tafasa kuma yana jure yanayin zafi da kyau. A lokaci guda, lokacin da aka jika da ko da 3,5% ruwa, ruwan ya kasance yana iya jure yanayin zafi sama da 200 ° C. Danko yana sama da matsakaita a cikin ɓangaren samfuran makamantansu a cikin duk kewayon zafin jiki.
- DOT 5. zaɓi na silicone. An tsara ruwan don tsarin birki na zamani wanda amfani da samfuran silicone ya yarda.
| Тbale bushe, °C | Тbale zafi., °C | Dankowar jiki a 100 ° C, cSt | Dankowar jiki a -40 ° C, cSt |
| 300 | 220 | 13,9 | 150 |
Wani fasali na musamman na DOT-5 daga TRW shine babban yanayin zafinsa. A lokaci guda, a zafin jiki na -40 ° C, ruwan yana riƙe da rashin daidaituwa. A zahiri, TRW's DOT-5 da kyar ke daskarewa a yanayin sanyi. A lokaci guda, rayuwar sabis ɗin sa har zuwa tarin danshi mai mahimmanci ya kai shekaru 5.
- DOT 5.1. Ruwan birki na zamani, mafi ci gaba. An tsara don motoci bayan fitowar 2010.
| Тbale bushe, °C | Тbale zafi., °C | Dankowar jiki a 100 ° C, cSt | Dankowar jiki a -40 ° C, cSt |
| 267 | 187 | 2,16 | 810 |
Daga cikin zaɓuɓɓukan glycol, ruwan ajin DOT 5.1 na zamani yana da ƙarancin ɗanƙowa sosai a ƙananan yanayin zafi. Ana samun wannan ta hanyar ƙari. Ana iya amfani da shi maimakon DOT-4 idan akwai aikin mota a yankunan arewa.
- DOT 5.1 ESP. Ruwan zamani don tsarin birki sanye take da ABS da ESP.
| Тbale bushe, °C | Тbale zafi., °C | Dankowar jiki a 100 ° C, cSt | Dankowar jiki a -40 ° C, cSt |
| 268 | 183 | 2,04 | 712 |
A al'ada low low zafin jiki danko da mai kyau tafasar juriya. Ruwan ya ɗan ƙara ƙara ruwa a cikin kewayon zafin aiki fiye da TRW DOT-5.1 na yau da kullun.
Samfuran TRW, ba kamar ruwan birki na ATE masu irin wannan ba, suna yaɗu sosai a cikin Tarayyar Rasha, kuma ana iya siyan su ba tare da wata matsala ba har ma a cikin yankuna masu nisa na ƙasar.
Bayani masu mota
Masu ababen hawa suna ba da amsa da kyau ga ruwan birki na TRW. Ɗaya daga cikin ra'ayi za a iya ganowa a cikin sake dubawa: tare da halayen aiki na yau da kullum da tsayin daka, farashin ya fi karɓa.
Misali, lita daya na ruwan birki na DOT-4, wanda shine mafi shahara a Tarayyar Rasha a yau, zai kai kimanin 400 rubles. Dangane da wannan, akwai nau'in nuna bambanci tsakanin samfuran TRW gabaɗaya. Misali, abubuwa na tsarin birki da tuƙi daga wannan kamfani sun mamaye kusan manyan matsayi a kasuwa dangane da farashi. Wannan yanayin baya shafi ruwa.
Sharhi mara kyau sun fi kama da zato na ka'idar daga rukunin: "Me yasa za ku biya ƙarin don alama idan za ku iya siyan ruwan kasafin kuɗi sau 2 mai rahusa kuma kawai ku canza shi sau da yawa." Irin wannan ra'ayi kuma yana da hakkin rayuwa. Musamman ganin cewa tsarin maye gurbin ruwan birki ba shi da tsada sosai, kuma yawancin masu ababen hawa suna iya aiwatar da shi da kansu.
