Kudin motar lantarki
Nawa ne kudin motar lantarki? Ina motocin lantarki suka fi arha? Yaushe motocin lantarki suke yin tsada? A cikin wannan labarin: Duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani game da farashin motar lantarki.
Cost
Bari mu fara da mummunan labari: motocin lantarki suna da tsada. Yanzu akwai nau'o'i daban-daban a cikin ƙananan sassa a kasuwa, amma har yanzu suna da tsada. Irin wannan babban farashin sayan ya samo asali ne saboda baturi, wanda ya ƙunshi kayan albarkatun ƙasa masu tsada.
A farashin siyan kusan 24.000 € 17.000 don daidaitaccen samfurin, Volkswagen e-Up yana ɗaya daga cikin motocin lantarki mafi arha a kasuwa. Idan aka kwatanta da motocin mai, duk da haka, yana da tsada. Kuna iya yin kira na yau da kullun na kusan € XNUMX XNUMX. Ko da babban sigar Up GTI yana da arha fiye da e-Up.
Duk da haka, motocin lantarki ba su isa ba. Hakanan akwai zaɓuɓɓuka daban-daban ga waɗanda suka sami motar A-segment ma kutse. Misali, Opel da Peugeot dukkansu suna da nau'ikan wutar lantarki na Corsa da 208. Waɗannan motocin sun kai kusan Yuro 30.000. Don wannan kuɗin, kuna da MG ZS. Karamin SUV ne wanda ke da guntun kewa fiye da na hatchbacks da aka ambata, amma ya fi fili.
Sabbin motocin B-segment suna da kewayon sama da kilomita 300 (WLTP). Daya daga cikin mafi arha motocin da ke da kewayon sama da kilomita 480 ita ce Hyundai Kona Electric, wacce ke da farashin farawa kusan Yuro 41.600. Tesla a halin yanzu yana da motoci masu tsayi mafi tsayi. Samfurin Dogon Range 3 yana da kewayon kilomita 580 kuma farashin ƙasa da Yuro 60.000 660. A zahiri, Model S Long Range yana da kewayon sama da mil 90.000. Farashin kusan Yuro XNUMX XNUMX ne.
misalai
Teburin da ke ƙasa yana nuna misalan kewayon motocin lantarki da makamancinsu. Motocin lantarki a fili sun fi tsada a kowane yanayi
| Volkswagen Up 1.0 | Volkswagen da Up |
| € 16.640 | kusan € 24.000 |
| Opel Corsa 1.2 130 hp | Opel Corsa-e 7,4 кВт |
| € 26.749 | € 30.599 |
| Hyundai Kona | Hyundai Kona Electric 39 |
| € 25.835 | € 36.795 |
| BMW 330i xDrive | Model na Tesla 3 tare da duk abin hawa |
| € 55.814 | € 56.980 |
Don kwatantawa, an zaɓi sigar da ta fi kusa da halaye. Kwatanta nau'in lantarki zuwa nau'in matakin shigarwa, bambanci ya zama mafi girma. Duk da haka, hakan ba zai zama kwatankwacin adalci ba.
hayar baturi
Renault yana ɗaukar hanya daban-daban fiye da sauran masu yin EV. Ana iya hayar baturin dabam da motocinsu masu amfani da wutar lantarki. A ZOE, ana iya hayar baturi daga Yuro 74 zuwa 124 a wata. Adadin ya dogara da adadin kilomita.
Don haka, ba a haɗa baturin cikin farashin siyan ba. Ko za ta yi arha ya danganta da tsawon lokacin da ka mallaki motar da tsawon kilomita nawa ka yi. Business Insider ya ƙididdige cewa hayan baturi ya fi tsada tare da yawan amfani bayan shekaru biyar da ƙarancin amfani bayan shekaru takwas (kilomita 13.000 a kowace shekara). Hakanan ana iya siyan Renault ZOE da baturi.
Don hayan
A cikin hayar kasuwanci, motar lantarki a haƙiƙa tana da rahusa saboda ƙarin manufofin farashi. Wannan wani labari ne na daban, wanda aka bayyana a cikin labarin ba da hayar motar lantarki.
farashin wutar lantarki
Yanzu ga albishir. Dangane da farashin canji, EV yana da riba. Yaya arha ya dogara da inda kuke cajin kuɗin. A gida, kuna biyan kuɗin wutar lantarki na yau da kullun. Wannan yawanci kusan € 0,22 a kowace kWh. Don haka wannan shine zaɓi mafi arha. Ƙimar kuɗi na iya bambanta a wuraren cajin jama'a, amma yawanci kuna biyan kusan € 0,36 a kowace kWh.
sauri caji
Yin caji da sauri yana sa ya fi tsada haka. Farashi sun bambanta daga € 0,59 a kowace kWh a Fastned zuwa € 0,79 kowace kWh a Ionity. Direbobin Tesla na iya yin caji da sauri a farashi mai rahusa: tare da Tesla Supercharger, jadawalin kuɗin fito ne kawai € 0,22 a kowace kWh. A karon farko, masu Model S ko Model X na iya samun caji cikin sauri kyauta.
amfani
Motar lantarki, bisa ma'anarta, ta fi motar da injin konewa na ciki inganci. Babu shakka, wasu motocin lantarki sun fi sauran tattalin arziki. Volkswagen e-Up yana cinye 12,5 kWh a kowace kilomita 100 da Audi e-Tron 22,4 kWh. A matsakaici, motar lantarki tana cinye kusan 15,5 kWh a cikin kilomita 100.
Kudin wutar lantarki vs. farashin mai
Tare da cajin gida kawai akan ƙimar € 0,22 a kowace kWh, wannan amfani shine kusan € 0,03 a kowace kilomita. Tare da motar mai tare da cin 1 cikin 15, kuna biyan € 0,11 a kowace kilomita akan € 1,65 kowace lita. Don haka yana yin babban bambanci.
Koyaushe caji daga tashar cajin ku shine mafi kyau, amma ba mafi kyawun yanayin ba. Cajin kawai a tashoshin cajin jama'a zai biya ku Yuro 0,06 a kowace kilomita. Hakanan yana da arha sosai fiye da matsakaicin motar mai. Farashin kilomita ɗaya kawai yana kwatankwacin adadin kuɗin motar iskar gas kusa da motar lantarki idan kusan koyaushe kuna yin caji da sauri. A aikace, zai zama ƙarin haɗin caji a gida, caji a tashar cajin jama'a, da caji mai sauri.
Labarin kan farashin tukin motar lantarki dalla dalla dalla dalla dalla dalla dalla dalla da farashin wutan lantarki ke yi a kowace kilomita.
sabis
Dangane da gyaran, motar lantarki ma ba ta da kyau. Jirgin wutar lantarki ba shi da wahala sosai kuma yana iya lalacewa fiye da injin konewa na ciki da dukkan abubuwan da ke cikinsa. Don haka ba za ku taɓa samun damuwa game da abubuwa kamar belin lokaci, matatun mai, fayafai masu kama, walƙiya, tsarin shayewa, da sauransu. Ta wannan hanyar, EV yana da ƙarancin kulawa.
ratsi
Lalacewar ita ce tayoyin motocin lantarki ba su daɗe. Saboda tsananin karfin wuta da wutar lantarki da motocin lantarki suke da shi, tayoyin sun fi nauyi. Bugu da kari, motocin lantarki sun fi nauyi. Bambancin shine wasu masana'antun suna amfani da tayoyin Eco masu tsauri. Tabbas, yin sauƙin aiki tare da hanzari yana taimakawa.
Birki
Birkin da ke kan motar lantarki ba ta da nauyi, duk da nauyi mai nauyi. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa a cikin motar lantarki sau da yawa yana yiwuwa a rage gudu akan motar lantarki. Lokacin da aka saki fedal na totur, motar ta taka birki saboda motar lantarki tana aiki kamar dynamo. Wannan yana sa watsa wutar lantarki ya fi dacewa. Wani ƙarin fa'ida shine tanadi akan birki.
Duk da haka, birki na iya lalacewa da tsagewa. Har yanzu suna yin tsatsa. Hakanan ana buƙatar maye gurbin birki akan motocin lantarki na tsawon lokaci, amma babban dalilin shine tsatsa.
Ruwan ruwa
Abin da ke da mahimmanci a cikin kulawa shi ne cewa akwai ƙarancin ruwa a cikin motar lantarki da ke buƙatar sauyawa. Yawancin motocin lantarki suna ɗauke da na'urar sanyaya, ruwan birki, da ruwan wankin iska.
Baturi
Batirin wani bangare ne mai mahimmanci kuma mai tsada na motar lantarki. Saboda haka, maye gurbin baturi yana da tsada. Ba haka ba ne cewa batura za su yi kasala a wani lokaci, amma ƙarfin zai ragu. Duk da haka, wannan ya bayyana a yau. Bayan 250.000 km, batura suna da matsakaicin 92% na ainihin ƙarfin su.
Idan ƙarfin baturin ya ragu da gaske, ana iya maye gurbinsa ƙarƙashin garanti. Baturin ya zo daidai da garantin shekaru takwas da kilomita 160.000. Wasu masana'antun suna ba da ƙarin ƙarin garanti. Yawancin lokaci kun cancanci garanti idan ƙarfin ya ragu ƙasa da 70%. Koyaya, zaku iya dogaro akan ingantaccen ƙarfin baturi ko da bayan kilomita 160.000. Baturin baya taka rawa wajen kula da kayan aikin lantarki, musamman a cikin ƴan shekarun farko.
harajin hanya
Za mu iya a taƙaice magana game da taken harajin abin hawa ko harajin hanya: a halin yanzu ba shi da kudin Tarayyar Turai na motocin lantarki. Wannan, bi da bi, yana adana ƙayyadaddun farashi don abin hawan lantarki. Wannan yana aiki a kowane hali har zuwa 2024. Dangane da tsare-tsare na yanzu, a matsayin direban motar lantarki, kuna biyan kashi ɗaya bisa huɗu na harajin hanya a 2025 da cikakken adadin daga 2026. Ƙari akan wannan a cikin labarin akan motocin lantarki da harajin hanyoyi.
Amincewa
Labarin farashin motar lantarki ya kamata kuma ya haɗa da rage daraja. A cikin 'yan shekaru, za mu gano menene ainihin ƙimar ragowar motocin lantarki na yanzu zai kasance. Duk da haka, tsammanin yana da kyau. Dangane da bincike, ING ya annabta cewa C-segment EVs har yanzu za su sami sabon darajar 40% zuwa 47,5% a cikin shekaru biyar. Wannan ya fi na motocin mai (35-42%) kuma tabbas ya fi na motocin dizal (27,5-35%) daga kashi ɗaya.
Wannan kyakkyawan tsammanin ƙimar ƙimar da aka yi amfani da shi wani ɓangare ne saboda haɓakar kewayon. Gaskiya ne cewa motocin da ma fi girma za su bayyana a cikin shekaru biyar, amma wannan ba yana nufin cewa ba za a sake samun buƙatun motocin lantarki na yanzu ba. A cewar ING, nan da 2025, kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na kasuwa za su yi la'akari da motocin da aka yi amfani da su.
Assurance
Inshorar motar lantarki yawanci yakan fi inshorar mota na yau da kullun. Yaya girman wannan bambancin zai iya bambanta sosai. Tare da duk inshorar haɗari, inshora na abin hawa na lantarki na iya kashe kusan ninki biyu. Wannan wani bangare ne saboda tsadar sayayya. Idan aka samu lalacewa, gyare-gyaren kuma yana yin tsada, don haka ma yana taka rawa. Idan kuna hayan baturi daban, kuna buƙatar ɗaukar inshora daban. A cikin Renault, wannan yana yiwuwa daga Yuro 9,35 kowace wata.
Misalan lissafi
A cikin sakin layi na sama, mun yi magana cikin sharuddan gabaɗaya. Babban abin tambaya shine nawa farashin motar lantarki a zahiri kuma nawa ne kudinta idan aka kwatanta da motocin na yau da kullun. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa muke ƙididdige jimlar farashi ko jimlar kuɗin mallakar wasu takamaiman motoci guda uku. Sai muka faka wata motar mai kwatankwacinta kusa da ita.
Misali 1: Volkswagen e-Up vs. Volkswagen Up
Farashin siyan Volkswagen e-Up kusan EUR 24.000. Wannan ya sa ya zama ɗaya daga cikin motocin lantarki mafi arha a kusa. Koyaya, farashin siyan yana da mahimmanci sama da Up 1.0. Canjin ya kasance 16.640 83 Yuro. Wannan ba kwatankwacin adalci bane, saboda e-Up yana da 60 hp. maimakon XNUMX hp da ƙarin zaɓuɓɓuka. Koyaya, wannan baya canza gaskiyar cewa e-Up har yanzu yana da tsada.
E-Up yana cinye 12,7 kWh a kowace kilomita 100. Nawa farashin ya dogara da hanyar caji. A cikin wannan misali na lissafi, muna ɗaukar haɗin cajin 75% a gida akan € 0,22 a kowace kWh, 15% caji a tashar cajin jama'a akan € 0,36 a kowace kWh da 10% caji akan caja mai sauri akan € 0,59 kowace kWh.
Tare da saba Up 1.0, farashin kulawa zai kasance kusan 530 € a kowace shekara. Tare da e-Up, zaku iya ƙidaya akan ƙananan farashin kulawa: kusan Yuro 400 kowace shekara. Kudin harajin hanya ya fi girma. Don e-Up, ba ku biyan harajin hanya, amma don Up, wanda shine Yuro 1.0 a kowace shekara (a cikin matsakaicin lardin).
Farashin inshora shine adadin da aka saba. Duk inshorar haɗari don e-Up ya fi tsada sosai. Allianz Direct yana ɗaya daga cikin masu samarwa mafi arha kuma har yanzu kuna biyan Yuro 660 a kowace shekara (dangane da kilomita 10.000 a kowace shekara, shekaru 35 da shekaru 5 ba tare da da'awar ba). Don Up na yau da kullun, kuna biyan € 365 a kowace shekara tare da mai insurer iri ɗaya.
Lokacin raguwa, muna ɗauka cewa ragowar darajar Up 1.0 za ta kasance a kusa da € 5 a cikin shekaru 8.000. Dangane da tsammanin halin yanzu, e-Up zai riƙe ƙimarsa kaɗan kaɗan, tare da ragowar ƙimar € 13.000 a cikin shekaru biyar.
Jimlar farashin mallaka
Idan muka sanya duk bayanan da ke sama a cikin lissafin, wannan yana ba da adadi masu zuwa:
| VW da Up | Zazzage VW 1.0 | |
| Cost | € 24.000 | €16.640 |
| farashin wutar lantarki / kashin mai (kilomita 100) | €3,53 | €7,26 |
| farashin wutar lantarki / farashin man fetur (a kowace shekara) | €353 | €726 |
| Maintenance (a kowace shekara) | €400 | €530 |
| Mrb (a kowace shekara) | €0 | €324 |
| Inshora (a kowace shekara) | €660 | €365 |
| Rage darajar (a kowace shekara) | €2.168 | €1.554 |
| TCO (bayan shekaru 5) | €17.905 | €17.495 |
Idan ka tuka 10.000 17.905 km kowace shekara kuma ka mallaki mota tsawon shekaru biyar, zaka biya jimillar 17.495 € don e-Up. Farashin mai mafi arha yana kashe Yuro XNUMX XNUMX akan lokaci guda. Inda bambancin farashin sayayya ya kasance babba, bambancin jimlar farashin har yanzu ƙanƙanta ne. E-Up har yanzu yana da ɗan tsada, amma yana da ƙarin ƙarfi da ƙarin fasali.
Tabbas, akwai matsaloli da yawa waɗanda zasu iya bambanta a cikin yanayin ku. Idan, alal misali, kuna tuƙin kilomita kaɗan a shekara kuma kuna cajin gidajenku kaɗan kaɗan, to, ma'auni zai riga ya dace da e-Up.
Misali 2: Peugeot e-208 vs. Peugeot 208 1.2
e-208 208
Bari kuma mu yi amfani da wannan lissafin ga motar B-segment. A cikin wannan sashin, alal misali, akwai Peugeot e-208. Yana kama da 208 1.2 Puretech 130. Kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, yana da 130 HP, yayin da e-208 yana da 136 HP. Na'urar lantarki 208 tana biyan Yuro 31.950, yayin da nau'in man fetur ya kai Yuro 29.580.
Tabbas, dole ne a zaɓi wuraren farawa da yawa don ƙididdige jimlar kuɗin mallakar. A wannan yanayin, mun zaci 15.000 km a kowace shekara da ragowar darajar 17.500 208 Yuro don e-11.000 da 208 75 Yuro na yau da kullum 15. Don caji, mun sake ɗauka cewa 10% na cajin ana yin shi a gida kuma 35% a tashar cajin jama'a. kuma 5% caji akan caji mai sauri. Don inshora, mun yarda da shekarun shekaru XNUMX da shekaru XNUMX ba tare da da'awar ba.
Jimlar farashin mallaka
Yin la'akari da bayanan da aka ambata, muna samun hoton farashi mai zuwa:
| Peugeot E-208 50 kWh 136 | Peugeot 208 1.2 Puretech 130 | |
| Cost | €31.950 | €29.580 |
| farashin wutar lantarki / kashin mai (kilomita 100) | €3,89 | €7,10 |
| farashin wutar lantarki / farashin man fetur (a kowace shekara) | €583,50 | €1.064,25 |
| Maintenance (a kowace shekara) | €475 | €565 |
| Mrb (a kowace shekara) | €0 | €516 |
| Inshora (a kowace shekara) | €756 | €708 |
| Rage darajar (a kowace shekara) | €3.500 | €2.200 |
| TCO (bayan shekaru 5) | €5.314,50 | €5.053,25 |
A wannan yanayin, wutar lantarki 208 ya fi tsada. Bambancin kuma yana ƙarami. Ya dogara da ɗanɗano kan zaɓi na sirri, amma wasu fa'idodin abin hawa na lantarki na iya tabbatar da bambanci.
Misali 3: Tesla Model 3 Dogon Range vs. BMW 330i
Model 3 Jerin 3
Don ganin yadda hoton farashi mafi girma yayi kama, mun kuma haɗa da Tesla Model 3 Long Range AWD. Wannan yayi daidai da BMW 330i xDrive. Farashin Tesla akan 56.980 € 330. 55.814i yana da ɗan rahusa, tare da farashin siyan € 3 75. Dogon Range 351 yana da baturi 330 kWh da 258 hp. XNUMXi yana da injin jeri huɗu tare da XNUMX hp.
Ka'idodin asali iri ɗaya ne da na misalin da ya gabata. Dangane da farashin makamashi, muna ɗauka cewa wannan lokacin muna cajin 75% na gidan akan € 0,22 a kowace kWh da 25% caji tare da Supercharger Tesla akan € 0,25 a kowace kWh. Don ragowar ƙimar Tesla, muna ɗaukar kusan € 28.000 15.000 a cikin shekaru biyar da 330 23.000 km kowace shekara. Hasashen XNUMXi ya ɗan yi ƙasa da kyau, tare da ragowar ƙimar Yuro XNUMX XNUMX.
Tesla yana da ɗan wahala don inshora. Saboda haka, masu insurer suna da ƙarancin zaɓi. A mafi arha mai kaya, Model 3 yana da inshora na Yuro 112 kowane wata akan duk haɗari (batun 15.000 35 km kowace shekara, shekaru 5 da shekaru 3 ba tare da da'awar ba). Irin wannan inshora yana samuwa don jerin 61st daga € XNUMX kowace wata.
Jimlar farashin mallaka
Tare da masu canji na sama, muna samun farashi mai zuwa:
| Model 3 na Tesla Babban kewayon AWD | BMW 330i xDrive | |
| Cost | €56.980 | €55.814 |
| farashin wutar lantarki / kashin mai (kilomita 100) | €3,03 | €9,90 |
| farashin wutar lantarki / farashin man fetur (a kowace shekara) | €454,50 | €1.485,50 |
| Maintenance (a kowace shekara) | €600 | €750 |
| Mrb (a kowace shekara) | €0 | €900 |
| Inshora (a kowace shekara) | €112 | €61 |
| Rage darajar (a kowace shekara) | €6.196 | €6.775 |
| TCO (bayan shekaru 5) | €36.812,50 | €49.857,50 |
Bayan shekaru 5 da jimlar 75.000 36.812,50 km za ku rasa 330 330 € akan Tesla. Koyaya, a cikin wannan yanayin, zaku rasa kusan rabin ton a 3i. Yayin da 15.000i ya kasance mai araha, Model XNUMX zai zama mai araha a cikin dogon lokaci. Lokacin da kuka tuƙi fiye da kilomita XNUMX a shekara, farashin zai fi dacewa.
ƙarshe
Dangane da farashi, farashin siyan shine babban cikas idan ya zo ga EVs. Koyaya, idan aka shawo kan wannan cikas, akwai fa'idodin kuɗi da yawa. Don haka, ba ku biyan harajin hanya kuma farashin kulawa ya yi ƙasa. Duk da haka, babban fa'idar shi ne cewa wutar lantarki yana da rahusa sosai fiye da mai. Ana sa ran ragowar darajar motocin da ake amfani da su na lantarki za su zarce na motocin mai. Baya ga farashin siyan, koma baya kawai shine mafi girman farashin inshora.
Duk da waɗannan fa'idodin, motocin lantarki ba koyaushe suna da arha ba a cikin dogon lokaci. Bayan shekaru biyar, bambancin sau da yawa kadan ne. Lokacin da kuka ƙididdige fa'idodin da ba na kuɗi ba, wannan bambancin zai iya biya. Wannan shawara ce ta sirri. Har ila yau, akwai yanayi da yawa inda jimillar kuɗin motar lantarki ya ragu sosai. Misali, idan kuna tuƙi sama da kilomita 25.000 a shekara kuma kuna da sashin C ko abin hawa mafi girma, sau da yawa yana da arha a gare ku don siyan abin hawan lantarki.
