Matsakaicin mota mai sulke BA-10
Abubuwa
Matsakaicin mota mai sulke BA-10
An yi amfani da abubuwan gani na telescopic da na gani don sarrafa gobarar da ta tashi daga cannon. Motar mai sulke tana da kyakkyawan aikin tuƙi: ta tsallake gangara har zuwa digiri 24 kuma ta ketare shingen ruwa har zuwa zurfin mita 0,6. Don haɓaka ƙwanƙwasa, ana iya sanya bel ɗin waƙa na nau'in "Gaba ɗaya" a kan ƙafafun baya. A lokaci guda kuma, motar sulke ta koma rabi. A shekara ta 1939, an sabunta motar sulke mai sulke, lokacin da aka inganta tuƙi, an ƙarfafa kariyar radiator, kuma an shigar da sabon gidan rediyo 71-TK-1. Wannan sigar motar mai sulke mai suna BA-10M. A shekara ta 1938, Red Army ta karɓi BA-10 matsakaiciyar sulke mota, wanda aka ƙera a 1937 a Izhora shuka da ƙungiyar masu zanen kaya karkashin jagorancin sanannun kwararru - A.A. Lipgart, O.V. Dybov da V. A. Grachev. BA-10 ya kasance ƙarin haɓaka layin motocin sulke BA-3, BA-6, BA-9. An samar da shi daga 1938 zuwa 1941. A cikin duka, a cikin wannan lokacin, kamfanin Izhora ya samar da motoci 3311 masu sulke na irin wannan. BA-10 ya kasance yana aiki har zuwa 1943. Tushen ga BA-10 sulke abin hawa ne chassis na uku-axle truck GAZ-AAA tare da taqaitaccen frame: 200 mm da aka yanke daga tsakiyar part da raya bangaren da aka rage da wani 400 mm. Motar mai sulke an yi ta ne bisa tsari na gargajiya tare da injin gaba, ƙafafun sarrafa gaba da gatari biyu na baya. Ma'aikatan BA-10 sun ƙunshi mutane 4: kwamanda, direba, mai bindiga da kuma mashin.
An yi cikakkiyar rufaffiyar ƙwanƙolin riveted-welded na motar sulke da zanen ƙarfe na birgima na kauri daban-daban, waɗanda aka girka a ko'ina tare da kusurwoyi na hankali, wanda ya ƙara juriya na harsashi na sulke kuma, bisa ga haka, matakin kariya na ma'aikatan jirgin. Don yin rufin an yi amfani da su: 6 mm kasa - 4 mm faranti sulke. Makamin gefen ƙwanƙwasa yana da kauri na 8-9 mm, sassan gaba na ƙwanƙwasa da turret an yi su da zanen sulke mai kauri 10 mm. An kiyaye tankunan mai da ƙarin faranti na sulke. Don saukar da ma'aikatan a cikin motar a gefen tsakiyar sashin jikin akwai kofofi rectangular tare da ƙananan tagogi sanye da sulke masu sulke tare da ramukan kallo. Don ƙofofin rataye, an yi amfani da hinges na ciki maimakon na waje, wanda ya ceci yanayin waje daga ƙananan sassan da ba dole ba. A gefen hagu a cikin sashin sarrafawa, wanda ke bayan sashin injin, akwai wurin zama direba, a hannun dama - kibiya mai aiki da bindigar injin DT mai nauyin 7,62mm wanda aka saka a cikin dutsen ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin faranti na gaba. Duban direban ya fito ne ta hanyar gilashin gilashi mai dauke da murfin sulke mai ɗorewa tare da ɗigon kallo, da wata ƙaramar taga mai nau'in rectangular mai irin wannan ƙirar a ƙofar gefen tashar. Haka taga a kofar dama daga gefen mashin din
A bayan dakin da aka sarrafa akwai dakin fada, rufin da yake a karkashin rufin motar direban. Saboda matakan da aka taka na rufin kwandon, masu zanen kaya sun yi nasarar rage tsayin tsayin abin hawa mai sulke. Sama da ɗakin faɗan an ɗora wani hasumiya mai welded na jujjuyawar madauwari tare da ƙaton ƙyanƙyashe mai madauwari, murfin wanda ya jingina gaba. Ta hanyar ƙyanƙyashe, yana yiwuwa a kula da yankin, da kuma shiga cikin mota ko barin ta. Bugu da ƙari, an ba da kallo a cikin yanayin fama ta hanyar kallon ramummuka da aka bayar a cikin sassan hasumiyar.
A matsayin babban makami a cikin turret mutum biyu a cikin abin rufe fuska na cylindrical, an shigar da igwa mai nauyin 45-mm 20K na samfurin 1934 na shekara da kuma bindigar 7,62-mm DT na samfurin 1929 na shekarar coaxial tare da shi. An yi nuni da makamai a kan manufa a cikin jirgin sama a tsaye a cikin sashin daga -2 ° zuwa + 20 °. Kayan harsasai sun hada da harsasai 49 da harsashi 2079 na bindigogin DT guda biyu. An bayar da jujjuyawar madauwari ta hasumiya ta hanyar jujjuyawar hannu. Don harbin da aka yi niyya, mai bindiga da kwamandan motar sulke suna da damar kallon TOP telescopic na samfurin 1930 da PT-1 panoramic periscope na samfurin 1932. A cikin dakin injin, wanda ke gaban motar sulke, an shigar da injin GAZ-M1 mai sanyaya ruwa mai sanyaya guda huɗu tare da ƙarar aiki na 3280 cm3, wanda ya haɓaka ƙarfin 36,7 kW (50 hp) a 2200. rpm, wanda ya ba wa motar sulke damar tafiya a kan tituna tare da iyakar gudun 53 km / h. Lokacin da aka sake mai da shi sosai, kewayon tafiye-tafiyen motar ya kasance kilomita 260-305, ya danganta da yanayin hanyar. Watsawa ta yi mu'amala da injin, wanda ya haɗa da kama busasshen busasshen diski guda ɗaya, akwatin gear mai sauri huɗu (4+ 1), na'ura mai ɗaukar hoto, kayan aikin cardan, babban kaya, da birki na inji. An cire birki daga ƙafafun gaba kuma an shigar da birki na tsakiya a cikin watsawa.
An ba da damar yin amfani da injin don manufar kulawa da gyarawa ta hanyar murfin maɗaukaki na kaho mai sulke, an ɗaure shi da madaidaicin sashin rufin injin ɗin, da ƙyanƙyashe masu ƙyanƙyashe a bangon gefensa. Radiator, wanda aka sanya a gaban injin, yana da kariyar farantin sulke mai kauri mai siffar V mai kauri 10 mm a cikin sashin giciye, wanda a ciki akwai ƙyanƙyashe guda biyu tare da fifuna masu motsi waɗanda ke daidaita kwararar iska zuwa radiator da injin. An inganta haɓakar samun iska da sanyaya ɗakin injin ɗin ta hanyar ɗimbin rufewa a cikin sassan injin ɗin, an rufe su da akwatunan sulke. A cikin tuƙi mara ƙafar ƙafa uku (6 × 4) na'ura mai gudana tare da katako na gaba da aka ƙarfafa tare da masu ɗaukar girgizar hydraulic da dakatarwar baya akan maɓuɓɓugan leaf-elliptical, an yi amfani da ƙafafun tare da tayoyin GK na girman 6,50-20. An ɗora ƙafafu guda ɗaya a kan gatari na gaba, ƙafafu biyu a kan manyan gatura na baya. An makala tayoyin da aka haɗe zuwa gefen ƙugiya a ƙasan baya na sashin injin kuma suna jujjuya su da yardar rai a kan gaturansu. Ba su bari motar sulke ta zauna a kasa ba kuma sun sauƙaƙa shawo kan ramuka, ramuka da tarkace. BA-10 cikin sauƙi ya shawo kan gangara tare da tudu na 24 ° kuma mai zurfi har zuwa 0.6 m. Don haɓaka ikon ƙetare, za a iya sanya waƙoƙin ƙarfe mai haske na nau'in "Gaba ɗaya" a kan gangaren baya. Ƙaƙƙarfan ƙafafu na gaba sun rufe shingen da aka tsara, na baya - fadi da lebur - sun kafa nau'i-nau'i a sama da ƙafafun, wanda aka haɗa akwatunan ƙarfe tare da kayan aiki, kayan aiki da sauran kayan aiki na yau da kullum. A gaba, a ɓangarorin biyu na bangon gaban injin ɗin, fitilolin mota guda biyu a cikin rijiyoyin sulke masu ɗorewa an haɗa su zuwa gajerun maƙallan, wanda ke tabbatar da motsi a cikin duhu. Wasu daga cikin motocin na dauke da tashar rediyo mai lamba 71-TK-1 mai dauke da eriyar bulala, domin ma’aikatan jirgin su yi shawarwari, akwai wata hanyar sadarwa ta TPU-3 a cikin motar. An kare duk kayan lantarki na motar sulke na BA-10, wanda ya tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki da kwanciyar hankali na kayan aikin sadarwa. Tun 1939, an fara samar da ingantaccen samfurin BA-10M, wanda ya bambanta da abin hawa na tushe a cikin ƙarfafa kariya ta gaba ta gaba, ingantaccen tuƙi, tankunan gas na waje da sabon gidan rediyo na 71-TK-Z. A sakamakon na zamani, da fama da nauyi na BA-10M ya karu zuwa 5,36 ton. A cikin ƙananan ƙananan ƙungiyoyin jiragen ƙasa masu sulke, an samar da motoci masu sulke na layin dogo na BA-10zhd mai nauyin 5,8 ton XNUMX. Suna da bandeji na ƙarfe mai cirewa tare da flanges waɗanda aka sanya a gaba da ta baya (na tsakiya an rataye su), da kuma na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa daga ƙasa don motsawa daga layin dogo zuwa al'ada kuma akasin haka. Motar sulke BA-10. Amfani da yaƙi.Baftismar wuta BA-10 da BA-10M ta faru ne a cikin 1939 a lokacin rikicin makami kusa da kogin Khalkhin-Gol. Sun ƙunshi yawancin motocin sulke na 7,8 da 9th brigade masu sulke. Daga baya, BA-10 sulke motoci dauki bangare a cikin "yantar da yakin" da kuma Soviet-Finnish yaki.
A shekara ta 1940, an kama wasu motocin sulke na BA-20 da BA-10 a hannun Finnish, kuma daga baya an yi amfani da su sosai a cikin sojojin Finnish. An sanya raka'a 22 BA-20 cikin sabis, tare da wasu motocin da aka yi amfani da su azaman motocin horo har zuwa farkon 1950s. Akwai ƙananan motoci masu sulke na BA-10; Finn sun maye gurbin injunan ƙasarsu mai nauyin kilowatt 36,7 tare da 62,5-kilowatt (85 hp) silinda takwas na Ford V8. ’Yan Fin sun sayar da motoci uku ga Sweden, waɗanda suka gwada su don ƙarin amfani da su azaman motocin sarrafawa. A cikin sojojin Sweden, BA-10 sun karɓi nadi m / 31F. Motar sulke BA-10, |
| Yaƙin nauyi | 5,1-5,14 t |
| Girma: | |
| Length | 4655 mm |
| nisa | 2070 mm |
| tsawo | 2210 mm |
| Crew | 4 mutane |
| Takaita wuta | 1 x 45 mm samfurin igwa 1934 2 x 7,62 mm DT inji gun |
| Harsashi | 49 harsashi 2079 zagaye |
| Ajiye: | |
| goshin goshi | 10 mm |
| hasumiya goshin | 10 mm |
| nau'in injin | carburetor "GAZ-M1" |
| Matsakaicin iko | 50-52 HP |
| Girma mafi girma | 53 km / h |
| Tanadin wuta | 260-305 km |
Sources:
- Kolomiets M. V. “Armor a kan ƙafafun. Tarihin Soviet sulke mota 1925-1945 ";
- M. Kolomiets "Motoci masu sulke na Red Army a cikin yaƙe-yaƙe". (Hoto na gaba);
- G.L. Kholyavsky "The Complete Encyclopedia na Duniya Tankuna 1915 - 2000";
- Solyankin A.G., Pavlov M.V., Pavlov I. V., Zheltov I. G. "Motoci masu sulke na cikin gida. karni na XX. 1905-1941”;
- Philip Trewhitt: Panzer. Sabon Kaiser Verlag, Klagenfurt 2005;
- James Kinnear: Motocin Rasha masu sulke 1930-2000.
