ESP tsarin daidaitawa - duba yadda yake aiki (VIDEO)
Tsarin ESP yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan da ke inganta amincin tuƙi. Duk da haka, a cewar masana, babu abin da zai iya maye gurbin flair na direba.
ESP gajarta ce ga sunan Ingilishi Tsarin Tsantsar Tsananin Ƙarfi, i.е. lantarki daidaitawa shirin. Wannan tsarin daidaitawa na lantarki ne. Yana ƙara damar fita daga yanayi masu haɗari akan hanya. Wannan yana da amfani musamman akan filaye masu santsi da kuma lokacin yin motsi mai kaifi akan hanya, kamar lokacin tuƙi a kusa da cikas ko shigar da kusurwa da sauri. A irin waɗannan yanayi, tsarin ESP yana gane haɗarin ƙetare a matakin farko kuma ya hana shi, yana taimakawa wajen kiyaye yanayin da ya dace.
Motoci ba tare da ESP ba, lokacin da ba zato ba tsammani kuna buƙatar canza alkibla, galibi suna nuna hali kamar a cikin fim:
A bit of history
Tsarin ESP shine aikin damuwa na Bosch. An gabatar da shi zuwa kasuwa a cikin 1995 a matsayin kayan aiki don Mercedes S-Class, amma aikin wannan tsarin ya fara fiye da shekaru 10 a baya.
An samar da tsarin ESP sama da miliyan a cikin shekaru huɗu da suka shiga kasuwa. Koyaya, saboda tsadar farashin, wannan tsarin an tanada shi ne kawai don manyan ababen hawa. Koyaya, farashin samar da ESP ya ragu akan lokaci, kuma ana iya samun tsarin a cikin sabbin motocin a kowane yanki. Tsarin kula da kwanciyar hankali daidai yake akan Skoda Citigo subcompact (banki A).
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Wasu kamfanoni kuma sun shiga ƙungiyar masana'antar ESP. A halin yanzu ana ba da shi ta irin waɗannan masu samar da kayan aikin mota kamar Bendix, Continental, Hitachi, Knorr-Bremse, TRW, Wabco.
Kodayake kalmar tsarin ko ESP ta shiga cikin yare, Bosch ne kawai ke da hakkin yin amfani da wannan sunan. Kamfanin ya ba da izinin sunan ESP tare da maganin fasaha. Saboda haka, a cikin wasu nau'o'in nau'o'in nau'i, wannan tsarin yana bayyana a ƙarƙashin wasu sunaye, misali, DSC (BMW), VSA (Honda), ESC (Kia), VDC (Nissan), VSC (Toyota), DSTC (Volvo). Sunaye sun bambanta, amma ka'idar aiki iri ɗaya ce. Baya ga ESP, sunayen da aka fi sani sune ESC (Electronic Stability Control) da DSC (Dynamic Stability Control).
ADDU'A
Yaya ta yi aiki?
Tsarin ESP shine juyin halitta na tsarin ABS da ASR. Na'urar hana kulle-kulle (ABS) da aka daɗe ana kafa ta tana sa motar ta kasance mai ƙarfi da kwanciyar hankali a yayin da aka yi birki kwatsam. Tsarin ASR, bi da bi, yana sauƙaƙe hawa da tuki a kan filaye masu santsi, yana hana zamewar dabaran. ESP kuma yana da waɗannan fasalulluka biyun amma yana da ƙari.
Tsarin ESP ya ƙunshi famfo na ruwa, tsarin sarrafawa da adadin na'urori masu auna firikwensin. Abubuwa biyu na ƙarshe sune kayan lantarki.
Tsarin yana aiki kamar haka: na'urori masu auna firikwensin suna auna kusurwar sitiyari da saurin abin hawa kuma suna aika wannan bayanin zuwa tsarin lantarki na ESP, wanda ke ƙayyade yanayin abin hawa bisa ka'idar da direba ya ɗauka.
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Godiya ga wani na'urar firikwensin da ke auna saurin haɓakar gefe da saurin jujjuyawar motar a kusa da axis, tsarin yana ƙayyade ainihin hanyar motar. Lokacin da aka gano bambanci tsakanin sigogi biyu, alal misali, a cikin yanayin jujjuyawar gaba ko bayan abin hawa, ESP yana ƙoƙarin haifar da kishiyar sakamako ta hanyar ƙirƙirar lokacin da ya dace na jujjuya abin hawa a kusa da axis. wanda zai kai motar komawa kan hanyar da direban ya nufa. Don yin wannan, ESP ta atomatik birki ɗaya ko ma biyu ƙafa yayin da take sarrafa saurin injin a lokaci guda.
Idan, saboda tsayin daka da yawa, har yanzu akwai haɗarin rasa ƙarfi, tsarin lantarki ta atomatik yana ɗaukar magudanar. Misali, idan abin hawa na baya yana barazana ta hanyar matsewar ƙarshen baya (oversteer), ESP yana rage jujjuyawar injin da birki ɗaya ko sama da ƙafa ta hanyar amfani da matsi na birki. Wannan shine yadda tsarin ESP ke taimaka wa motar a kan hanya madaidaiciya. Komai yana faruwa a cikin daƙiƙa guda.
Wannan shine yadda bidiyon da Bosch ya shirya yayi kama da:
Aikin motsa jiki yana da santsi ba tare da esp ba
Functionsarin ayyuka
Tun lokacin da aka gabatar da shi a kasuwa, tsarin ESP ya kasance da haɓaka kullum. A gefe guda, aikin shine game da rage nauyin tsarin gaba ɗaya (Bosch ESP yana auna ƙasa da 2 kg), kuma a gefe guda, ƙara yawan ayyukan da zai iya yi.
ESP ita ce tushen, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, Tsarin Tsarin Tsare Tsare-tsare, wanda ke hana motar yin birgima yayin tuƙi a kan tudu. Tsarin birki yana kiyaye matsa lamba ta atomatik har sai direba ya sake danna abin totur.
Wasu misalan fasaloli ne kamar tsaftace birki da kuma cika birki na lantarki. Na farko yana da amfani a lokacin ruwan sama mai yawa kuma yana kunshe a cikin tsarin yau da kullum na pads zuwa fayafai na birki, wanda ba zai iya fahimta ba ga direba, don cire danshi daga gare su, wanda ke haifar da tsawo na birki. Aiki na biyu yana kunna lokacin da direba ya cire ƙafar da sauri daga fedal ɗin totur: ɓangarorin birki suna kusantar mafi ƙarancin tazara tsakanin fayafan birki don tabbatar da mafi ƙarancin lokacin amsa birki a yayin birki.
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Aikin Tsayawa & Tafi, bi da bi, yana faɗaɗa kewayon tsarin Kula da Cruise Control (ACC). Dangane da bayanan da aka karɓa daga na'urori masu ɗan gajeren zango, tsarin na iya birki motar ta atomatik zuwa tsaye sannan kuma ta hanzarta ba tare da saɓanin direba ba idan yanayin hanya ya ba da izini.
Birkin Kiliya ta atomatik (APB) kuma yana dogara ne akan ESP. Lokacin da direba ya danna maɓalli don kunna aikin birki na filin ajiye motoci, sashin ESP yana haifar da matsa lamba ta atomatik don danna mashin birki a kan faifan birki. Na'urar da aka gina a ciki sannan tana kulle ƙullun. Don sakin birki, tsarin ESP yana sake gina matsi.
Euro NCAP, ƙungiyar binciken lafiyar mota da aka sani don gwajin haɗari, tana ba da ƙarin maki don samun abin hawa mai tsarin daidaitawa.
Ra'ayin masana
Zbigniew Veseli, darektan makarantar tuki ta Renault:
- Gabatar da tsarin ESP a cikin kayan aikin motoci ya zama ɗaya daga cikin mahimman matakan aiki don inganta lafiyar tuki. Wannan tsarin yana goyan bayan direba sosai lokacin da yake cikin haɗarin rasa ikon sarrafa abin hawa. Ainihin, muna nufin yin tsalle-tsalle a kan filaye masu santsi, amma ESP kuma yana da amfani lokacin da kuke buƙatar yin motsi mai kaifi na sitiyarin don kewaya wani cikas da ba zato ba tsammani akan hanya. A irin wannan yanayi, mota ba tare da ESP ba na iya ma birgima. A makarantarmu, muna horarwa akan saman santsi ta amfani da ESP kuma kusan kowane ɗan wasa yana mamakin damar da wannan tsarin ke bayarwa. Yawancin wadannan direbobi sun ce motar da za su saya za ta kasance da ESP. Duk da haka, bai kamata a yi la'akari da iyawar wannan tsarin ba, saboda, duk da fasaha na fasaha, yana aiki ne kawai har zuwa wani iyaka. Misali, lokacin tuki da sauri a saman kankara, wannan ba zai yi tasiri ba. Don haka, ana ba da shawarar a koyaushe a yi amfani da hankali da kuma ɗaukar irin wannan tsarin tsaro a matsayin makoma ta ƙarshe.
Wojciech Frölichowski
