Sulfuric acid yana gudanar da wutar lantarki?
Abubuwa
Sulfuric acid sinadari ne da ake samu a gidaje da kasuwanci da yawa. Shin yana gudanar da wutar lantarki? Shin babban taro yana tasiri tasirin wutar lantarki? Menene sulfuric acid ake amfani dashi idan yana gudanar da wutar lantarki? Kafin yin bayani dalla-dalla, ga amsa a takaice:
Haka ne, sulfuric acid halis wutar lantarki Yayi kyau sosai. A gaskiya, yana da aikace-aikace na musamman saboda yawan wutar lantarki ma'aikataVity. Duk da haka, yana da matukar tashin hankali, don haka ya kamata a yi amfani da shi da hankali.
Hattara! Sulfuric acid abu ne mai lalacewa sosai. Yana da lalata a cikin hulɗa da fata ko idanu, ko kuma idan an shayar da shi. Mummunan kamuwa da shi yana iya kaiwa ga mutuwa. A rike shi a hankali.
Me ke sa sulfuric acid ke tafiyar da wutar lantarki?
Autoprotolysis da ionization
Sulfuric acid, wani ma'adinai acid tare da sinadaran dabara H2SO4ya ƙunshi hydrogen, oxygen da sulfur. Ruwa ne mara launi, mara wari, ruwa mai dankowa wanda ba shi da ruwa. Ƙarfin sulfuric acid don gudanar da wutar lantarki da kyau ya faru ne saboda wani tsari da ake kira autoprotolysis. Halin sinadarai ne wanda protonation (proton transfer) ke faruwa tsakanin kwayoyin halitta iri ɗaya, yana barin rabuwa.
Lokacin da sulfuric acid aka narkar da a cikin ruwa, da bayani yana ionized ta hanyar rabuwa cikin hydrogen (H3O+da kuma sulfate (HSO4-) ions. Wadannan ions ne ke dauke da caji da ba su damar gudanar da wutar lantarki. Lokacin da aka ƙara shi a cikin ruwa, sulfuric acid ya zama madaidaicin jagorar wutar lantarki, yana sa ya zama mai amfani sosai ta hanyoyi da yawa. Kafin mu shiga cikin su, bari mu ga yadda maida hankali ya shafi yadda sulfuric acid ke gudanar da wutar lantarki.
Shin babban taro na sulfuric acid yana sa ya fi ƙarfin lantarki?
Dilute sulfuric acid yana da ƙasa da 30% sulfuric acid da taro, yayin da maida hankali sulfuric acid yana da fiye da 98%. Kuna iya tunanin cewa sinadarin sulfuric acid zai zama mafi kyawun jagorar wutar lantarki fiye da nau'in diluti, amma ba haka bane.
Sulfuric acid da aka tattara yana da ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki fiye da dilute sulfuric acid. Wannan shi ne saboda ƙarancin H+ haka42- ions a cikin tsari mai mahimmanci. Babban taro yana sa ya yi girma fiye da dilute sulfuric acid, amma an rage karfin ikon sa na lantarki. Dilute sulfuric acid ya fi ƙarfin lantarki saboda ƙarin H+ ions.
Amfani da sulfuric acid a matsayin jagora
Rigakafin farko
Wajibi ne a yi taka tsantsan yayin aiki tare da duk wani abu mai ɗauke da sulfuric acid saboda yana da haɗari kuma yana lalatawa sosai. Yana iya haifar da ƙonawa sosai, musamman a babban taro. Saboda haka, yana da matukar muhimmanci a sanya kayan kariya masu zuwa:
- Yi amfani da kariya ta hannu kamar safar hannu.
- Sanya rigar kariya.
- Sanya tabarau na tsaro ko sanya abin rufe fuska.
Faɗin amfani
Sulfuric acid yana da amfani da yawa. Misali, ana amfani da shi a cikin gidaje azaman mai tsabtace magudanar ruwa ko mai tsabtace kwanon bayan gida. A cikin masana'antar sinadarai, ana amfani da shi don samar da adhesives, detergents, kwari, da sauran sinadarai; a cikin sojoji, ana amfani da su wajen yin abubuwan fashewa. Ana kuma amfani da ita a fannin noma, fenti, bugu, motoci da sauran masana’antu. Wannan abu ne mai matukar muhimmanci.
Yawancin waɗannan aikace-aikacen sun haɗa da tsaftacewa, bushewa ko oxidation. Amma sulfuric acid shima yana da amfani sosai saboda kayan lantarkinsa. An bincika wannan dalla-dalla a ƙasa.
Sulfuric acid a matsayin electrolyte
Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da aka fi amfani da shi don kayan lantarkinsa shine a cikin baturan gubar-acid a cikin motoci da sauran abubuwan hawa. A cikin baturin gubar acid, ana amfani da sulfuric acid azaman electrolyte a cikin baturin mota lokacin da aka haɗe shi da ruwa. Don haka, ba kawai yana gudanar da wutar lantarki ba, har ma yana da ikon tara cajin lantarki.
Matukar ana amfani da wutar lantarki ta caji akan baturin gubar-acid, ya rabu zuwa kishiyar ions, watau tabbatacce da korau. An tilasta wa ions su rabu yayin da halin yanzu ke gudana a cikin kyakkyawan sandar su. Lokacin da cikakken caji, maganin electrolyte (duba hoton da ke ƙasa) yana da babban abun ciki na sulfuric acid a cikin nau'in ruwa. Yana adana yawancin makamashin sinadarai. Daga nan baturin zai fita lokacin da aka haɗa shi da kaya. Batirin gubar-acid yana taimakawa fara mota tare da injin konewa na ciki.
Don taƙaita
Sulfuric acid yana gudanar da wutar lantarki ko a'a? Mun bayyana cewa yana yin hakan sosai. Mun nuna cewa hakan yana faruwa ne saboda autoprotolysis, ya bayyana yadda zai iya gudanar da wutar lantarki ta hanyar ionization na hydrogen ions da sulfate ions, da kuma cewa raguwar haɗuwa a cikin ruwa yana sa sulfuric acid ya zama mai aiki da lantarki. Bugu da kari, mun bayyana yadda ake amfani da sulfuric acid a matsayin electrolyte a cikin batirin gubar-acid.
Dubi wasu labaran mu a kasa.
- Sucrose yana gudanar da wutar lantarki
- Nitrogen yana gudanar da wutar lantarki
- Isopropyl barasa yana gudanar da wutar lantarki
