Rheostat da murhu resistor - abin da yake da shi, ayyuka da kuma ka'idar aiki
Abubuwa
A cikin sarƙoƙi na tallace-tallace, sau da yawa zaka iya samun sassa marasa inganci marasa tsada. Ɗauki kayan aikin lantarki daga amintattun masu siyarwa da masana'anta masu dogaro: neman arha na iya ƙarewa cikin haɗari a cikin wayoyi.
Ba kowane direba ya fahimci na'urorin lantarki na motoci ba: an yi imanin cewa wannan shine haƙƙin ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun. Amma akwai abubuwa masu mahimmanci waɗanda masu mallakar yakamata su sami fahimtar asali: alal misali, me yasa kuke buƙatar murhu rheostat akan mota. Menene na'urar ke shafar, menene alamun rashin aikinta, ayyuka - karantawa.
Menene murhu rheostat a cikin mota
Mota wani hadadden tsari ne mai ikon sarrafa wutar lantarki da masu amfani da yawa. Dole ne wutar lantarki ta mota ta kasance koyaushe a cikin yanayin aiki, tunda aikin motar, aminci da kwanciyar hankali na motsi na fasinjoji ya dogara da shi.
Rheostat tanda a cikin motoci
Ƙarƙashin murfin motar yana da ƙananan wutar lantarki - janareta. Akwai kuma mai tarawa na yanzu - baturi mai caji. Ana ba da makamashi ga masu amfani da waje ta hanyar wayoyi, kuma kowane kayan lantarki da ke cikin injin yana da na'urar sarrafawa - rheostat (RS). Wannan bangaren yana rinjayar juriya da ƙarfin halin yanzu na kewayen lantarki ta hanyar canza adadin sassan na'urar.
Me yasa kuke bukata
Tsarin dumama na ciki a yawancin abubuwan hawa yana ƙunshe da masu jujjuyawa. Amma wani nau'in kuma na kowa ne, wanda juriya ya canza kusan ci gaba. Hakanan akwai rheostats waɗanda ke yin gyare-gyare mai sauƙi ba tare da keta hanyar sadarwa ba.
A cikin da'irar lantarki na mota, murhu rheostat yana samuwa a bayan akwatin safar hannu, tsakanin motar (motar na salon lantarki na lantarki) da kuma tsarin da aka haɗa da shi - mai zafi. Ayyukan na'urar shine rage yawan hawan wutar lantarki da rage yawan farawa wanda ke yin illa ga tuƙi da mabukaci.
Yadda yake aiki
Rheostat kowane nau'i yana aiki bisa ga dokar Ohm don sashin kewayawa. Na'urar murhun mota tana kama da jikin yumbun silinda. Wayar karfe tare da sashin giciye akai-akai yawanci rauni akan sashin. Juyi na karkace sun keɓe daga juna, tun lokacin da aka yi amfani da kayan da ba sa aiki tare da dukan tsawon.
Yadda yake aiki
Sama da karkatacciyar waya, madaidaici yana motsawa tare da silinda, yana haifar da ƙari ko ƙasa da juriya a cikin hanyar sadarwar lantarki. Lokacin da ɓangaren motsi ya motsa zuwa gefe ɗaya, tsayin sashin gudanarwa yana ƙaruwa. A wannan lokacin, ƙimar juriya na PC shima yana ƙaruwa. Sabanin haka, lokacin da madaidaicin ke motsawa a cikin kishiyar shugabanci, juriya na guntuwar sashin ya ragu.
Menene resistor ta murhu
Ka'idar aiki na rheostat shine mabuɗin fahimtar yadda murhu ke kunna. Wannan yana faruwa ta ƙara ko rage juriya na kewaye. Salon murhun murhu rheostat ya ƙunshi resistors - abubuwan da ba su da ƙarfi waɗanda ke tsayayya da halin yanzu da ke gudana ta cikin iska.
Manufar aikin na'urar resistor
Ana haɗa resistor a cikin hanyar sadarwar lantarki ta mota tsakanin tushen da mabukaci na yanzu (baturi da kuka). Don haka ayyukan bangaren:
- kare da'ira daga wutar lantarki;
- canza ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki daga abin da aka bayar zuwa abin da ake buƙata;
- tabbatar da daidai aikin na'urorin lantarki na mota.
Matsayin resistor a cikin kula da aikin hita
Ana samar da wutar lantarki a cikin baturi, inda wutar lantarki ke da yawa don masu amfani suyi aiki. Bayan tsara, halin yanzu yana zuwa ga resistor: anan ana canza wutar lantarki daga sigar da aka bayar zuwa wanda ake so. Bayan wucewa ta hanyar resistor, ƙarfin lantarki ya zama mafi kyawun aiki don aikin hita.
Nau'in resistors, fasalin su
Resistors suna nan a duk tsarin mota: sanyaya da dumama, ƙonewa da kuma haske. Ayyuka da ayyukan sassan suna kama da juna.
Dukkanin nau'ikan abubuwa sun kasu zuwa manyan ƙungiyoyi biyu:
- Load (m), ƙirƙirar juriya akai-akai a fitarwa.
- Maɓallai, inda aka canza juriya da hannu zuwa wanda ke buƙata ta takamaiman na'urar mabukaci.
Nau'in resistors
Za'a iya kiran nau'ikan nau'ikan masu canzawa waɗanda ke daidaita juriya da hannu, amma ba a kowane lokaci ba, amma a lokacin sake fasalin da'irar lantarki gaba ɗaya na motar.
Zaɓin tsayayya ta juriya
Lokacin da na'urar lantarki ta lalace a cikin mota, direbobi suna ɗaukar ta don gyarawa. Amma sau da yawa mai laifi na raguwa shine resistor, wanda maye gurbinsa baya buƙatar gwaninta na lantarki.
A cikin sarƙoƙi na tallace-tallace, sau da yawa zaka iya samun sassa marasa inganci marasa tsada. Ɗauki kayan aikin lantarki daga amintattun masu siyarwa da masana'anta masu dogaro: neman arha na iya ƙarewa cikin haɗari a cikin wayoyi.
Dalilan gazawar resistors
Sau da yawa, ɓangarori na faruwa ne saboda ɗan gajeren da'ira a cikin da'irar lantarki na motar: a wannan lokacin, juriya na iska a cikin injin fan na lantarki ya zama ƙasa mai mahimmanci, amma akwai wani dalili. Idan ruwan wukake na murhun sun rasa mai ko kuma sun gurɓace sosai, ɓangaren mota yana jujjuyawa sosai. Saboda haka, resistor zai yi kasawa da sauri.
Dalilan gazawar resistors
Don ajiye rayuwar aiki na kayan aikin, kar a ajiye murhu a matsayi na farko na dogon lokaci, canza wutar lantarki lokaci-lokaci zuwa mafi girma. Ba shi da wuya a tantance cewa rheostat shine mai laifi don rashin aikin yi na gidan hita: haɗa multimeter zuwa igiyoyin wutar lantarki na kashi. Wani alamar rashin kuskure: murhu yana aiki ne kawai a cikin matsananci, na huɗu, matsayi.
Kuna iya zuwa na'urar a cikin wasu nau'ikan motoci ta cikin kaho, inda sashin ke ƙarƙashin rufin filastik ("jabot"). A cikin wasu motocin, an tarwatsa sinadarin kuma an canza shi daga sashin fasinja.
