Mai Rage VAZ 2103: na'urar, ka'idar aiki, gyara matsala

VAZ 2103, kamar duk "VAZ classics", mota ce ta baya: irin wannan bayani na fasaha an dauke shi mafi dacewa a lokacin da aka saki wannan samfurin. Dangane da haka, rawar da axle na baya da kuma ɗaya daga cikin mahimman abubuwansa, akwatin gear tare da babban kayan da aka sanya a ciki, ya ƙaru.

Ayyuka da ka'idar aiki

Mai rage axle na baya (RZM) wani bangare ne na watsa abin hawa. Wannan naúrar tana canza alkibla kuma tana ƙara ƙimar juzu'in da ake watsawa daga katakon cardan zuwa maƙallan axle na ƙafafun tuƙi.. Injin yana jujjuyawa cikin sauri (daga juyi dubu 500 zuwa 5 a cikin minti daya), kuma aikin duk abubuwan watsawa shine canza jagora da saurin kusurwa na jujjuyawar motsi na injin da tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki na ƙafafun tuƙi.

An ƙera akwatin gear ɗin don haɓaka juzu'in da ake watsawa daga katako na cardan zuwa gaɓar raƙuman ƙafafun tuƙi.

Bayani dalla -dalla

Akwatin gear na VAZ 2103 ya dace da kowane samfurin VAZ na "classic", amma aikin injin bayan shigar da akwatin gear "marasa asali" na iya canzawa. Wannan shi ne saboda fasalin ƙirar irin wannan akwatin gear.

Rabin yanayi

Kowane irin REM shigar a kan Vaz 2101-2107 yana da nasa kaya rabo. Ƙarƙashin ƙimar wannan alamar, mafi "sauri" akwatin gear ɗin shine. Alal misali, gear rabo na "dinari" REM ne 4,3, wani akwati da gear rabo na 4,44 aka shigar a kan "biyu", watau Vaz 2102 ne a hankali mota idan aka kwatanta da Vaz 2101. Vaz 2103 gearbox yana da. rabon kaya na 4,1, 2106, watau, saurin aikin wannan samfurin ya fi na " dinari" da "biyu". Mafi sauri na REM "classic" shine naúrar don Vaz 3,9: rabonsa shine XNUMX.

Bidiyo: hanya mai sauƙi don ƙayyade rabon kaya na kowane akwatin gear

Yadda za a ƙayyade rabon gear na akwatin gear da gyare-gyare

Yawan hakora

Matsakaicin gear na REM yana da alaƙa da adadin hakora akan gears na manyan biyu. A kan "sau uku" REM, kullun motar yana da hakora 10, wanda aka yi amfani da shi yana da 41. An ƙididdige adadin gear ta hanyar rarraba alamar ta biyu ta farko, watau 41/10 = 4,1.

Ana iya ƙayyade adadin haƙora ta alamar akwatin gear. Alal misali, a cikin rubutun "VAZ 2103 1041 4537":

• VAZ 2103 - nau'in akwati;
• 10 da 41 - adadin hakora na tuƙi da kuma kullun da aka yi amfani da su, bi da bi;
• 4537 shine adadin saitin kayan tuƙi na ƙarshe.

Sakamakon shigar da akwati mara kyau

Ya kamata ku sani cewa shigar da "mafi sauri" REM ba yana nufin karuwa ta atomatik a cikin saurin abin hawa ba. Alal misali, idan a kan Vaz 2103 maimakon "yan qasar" gearbox tare da gear rabo na 4,1, yi amfani da Vaz 2106 naúrar da gear rabo na 3,9, da mota zai zama 5% "sauri" da kuma guda 5% " mai rauni”. Yana nufin cewa:

• karfin juyi mai tasiri zai ragu da 5%;
• don hanzarta zuwa wani gudu, za a buƙaci ƙaramin juyi na injin, watau don hanzarta, alal misali, zuwa 120 km / h, 3900 rpm zai isa, maimakon 4400. Matsalar ita ce, yanzu injin ɗin bazai sami isasshen ƙarfi ba. juyi har zuwa 3900 rpm.

Saboda haka, idan ka shigar da ba misali RZM a kan Vaz 2103 tare da daban-daban gear rabo, da ikon canza engine za a bukata domin kula da tsauri na mota.

Ana iya shigar da kowane akwatin gear: idan yana da al'ada, ba zai yi kuka da kowane akwati ba. Duk da haka, kana bukatar ka yi la'akari da gear rabo na gearbox: idan ka sa shi da wani karami lamba, da mota zai yi sauri, amma zai tafi a hankali. Kuma akasin haka - idan kun sanya shi tare da adadi mai yawa, zai ɗauki tsawon lokaci don haɓakawa, amma tafi da sauri. Hakanan ma'aunin saurin gudu yana canzawa. Kar ka manta game da 'yan sanda na zirga-zirga: yana da kyau a sanya guda ɗaya kamar yadda ya kamata, kuma injin ya fi kyau.

gabaki 64

http://vaz-2106.ru/forum/lofiversion/index.php/t5261–600.html

Na'urar Gearbox

Zane na REM shine na hali don "classic" na VAZ. Babban abubuwan da ke cikin akwatin gear su ne duniyoyin duniya da bambancin tsakiya.

Babban aka gyara na baya axle gearbox VAZ 2103 - planetary biyu da cibiyar bambancin.

Reducer VAZ 2103 ya ƙunshi:

1. Bevel drive kaya.
2. Planetary kore kaya.
3. tauraron dan adam.
4. Half shaft gears.
5. Axis na tauraron dan adam.
6. Akwatunan daban-daban.
7. Gyaran kusoshi na ma'auni na akwatin.
8. Bambance-bambancen shari'a masu ɗaukar kaya.
9. Juya daidaita goro.
10. Akwatin Gear.

taurari biyu

Tuki da kayan tuƙi, da ake kira nau'ikan taurari, sune babban kayan aikin REM. Gatura na waɗannan gears ɗin suna diyya ne dangane da juna kuma suna haɗuwa ba tare da haɗawa ba. Godiya ga yin amfani da hakora masu siffa na musamman, ana samun ragi mafi kyau. Zane na gears yana ba da damar hakora da yawa su shiga lokaci guda. A lokaci guda kuma, ana watsa ƙarin juzu'i zuwa shingen axle, nauyin da ke kan kowane haƙori yana raguwa kuma ƙarfin ƙarfin na'urar yana ƙaruwa.

Planetary biyu VAZ 2103 kunshi tuki da kuma kore gears

Одшипники

Kayan tuƙi yana riƙe da nau'ikan nadi biyu na 6-7705U da 6-7807U. Don daidaitaccen daidaitawa na matsayi na dangi na gears na manyan nau'i-nau'i, ana sanya wanki mai daidaitawa tsakanin ɗaukar ciki da ƙarshen kayan aiki. Kauri irin wannan zobe na iya bambanta daga 2,55 zuwa 3,35 mm tare da yiwuwar gyara kowane 0,05 mm. Godiya ga masu girma dabam 17 masu yuwuwar wanki, zaku iya daidaita daidai matsayin gears kuma ku tabbatar da haɗin gwiwarsu daidai.

Ana ba da jujjuyawar kayan aikin ta nau'in nau'in 6-7707U guda biyu. Don hana motsi axial na gears, an ƙirƙiri preload a cikin bearings tare da ƙwayayen tashin hankali da faranti na sarari.

Saitin bearings don akwatin akwatin axle na baya VAZ 2103 ya haɗa da nau'in nau'in nau'in 6-7707U da ɗaya kowane 6-7705U da 6-7807U.

Flange da bambanci

Flange da aka gyara akan shank na akwatin gear yana ba da haɗin kai tsakanin babban kayan aiki da katako na cardan. Interaxal bevel bambancin ya ƙunshi tauraron dan adam guda biyu, gears biyu, akwati da axis na tauraron dan adam.. Bambance-bambancen yana ba da damar ƙafafun baya don jujjuyawa a saurin kusurwa daban-daban.

Bambancin gear yana ba da damar ƙafafun baya don jujjuyawa a saurin kusurwa daban-daban

Alamomin gazawar akwatin gear

Yawancin rashin aiki na REM ana iya gano su ta hanyar sauya sautin na'ura mai gudu da kuma bayyanar amo. Idan an ji ƙwanƙwasa, ƙumburi da sauran surutu daga gefen gearbox yayin motsi, wannan yana nuna rashin aiki ko gazawar kowane ɓangaren naúrar. Idan m amo ya bayyana a baya axle, ya kamata ka kula da matakin mai a cikin gearbox da kuma duba yadda daidai da RZM aka gyara (musamman idan bayan gyara ko sabon shigar).

Crunch yayin motsi

Jin kururuwa daga akwatin gear lokacin da motar ke motsawa, ya kamata ku ɗauki matakan da za a hana ko da babban lahani. Bayyanar ratsi da crunch yana nuna cewa, mai yiwuwa, dole ne ku canza bearings ko gears. Idan bearings ba su riga sun kasa ba, amma sun riga sun tsufa sosai kuma ba su jujjuya da kyau ba, za a ji sautin murya daga gefen RZM, wanda ba ya samuwa a lokacin aiki na sashin aiki. Mafi sau da yawa, abubuwan da ke haifar da fashewa da huɗa daga gefen gearbox yayin da motar ke motsawa sune:

• lalacewa wanda ba a yarda da shi ba ko cikakken lalata kayan aiki ko manyan gear bearings;
• shigar da kayan aiki ba daidai ba;
• rami mai karye don axis na tauraron dan adam a cikin akwatin bambancin;
• ƙananan matakin mai a cikin akwatin gear.

Dalilin ƙarar hayaniya a cikin akwatin gear na iya lalata kayan aiki

Dabarun makale

Dalilin da yasa daya daga cikin tafukan baya na motar ya matse yana iya zama rashin aiki na RZM. Idan direban ya yi watsi da bayyanar amo, wanda ya haifar da gazawar daban-daban abubuwan ban da, sakamakon na iya zama nakasassun shafuka na axle da matsawa ƙafafun.

Mai rage daidaitawa

Idan a lokacin aiki na engine akwai alamun rashin aiki na RZM, mafi sau da yawa ya zama dole a soke akwatin gear da kuma kwance shi. Bayan haka, zai yiwu a ƙayyade abin da ake buƙata don gyara matsala: daidaitawa, maye gurbin kowane sassa na REM ko shigar da sabon akwati.

Gearbox yana wargaza

Don wargaza REM, kuna buƙatar:

• 12 hex tsananin baƙin ciki;
• saiti na buɗe wrenches;
• jak;
• goyan bayan gatari na baya;
• takalma don ƙafafun;
• kwandon magudanar mai.

Don tarwatsa REM, dole ne ku:

1. Sanya injin sama da rami dubawa kuma sanya takalma a ƙarƙashin ƙafafun gaba.
2. Cire magudanar magudanar ruwa kuma a zubar da man a cikin akwati da aka shirya a gaba.
   

   Kafin a tarwatsa akwatin gear, cire magudanar magudanar ruwa sannan a zubar da man a cikin akwati da aka shirya a gaba
3. Cire haɗin igiyar cardan daga flange, matsar da shaft ɗin zuwa gefe kuma ɗaure shi da waya zuwa tura jet.
   

   Dole ne a cire haɗin igiyar cardan daga flange, a ɗauke shi gefe kuma a ɗaure da waya zuwa tura jet.
4. Ɗaga gatari na baya tare da jack kuma sanya goyon baya a ƙarƙashinsa. Cire ƙafafun da birki ganguna.
   

   Na gaba, kuna buƙatar cire ƙafafun da birki.
5. Cire sandunan axle daga gidajen axle.
   

   Bayan haka, ana cire sassan axle daga katako na baya
6. Cire akwatin gear daga katako ta amfani da maƙarƙashiya mai buɗewa kuma cire RZM daga injin.
   

   Bayan an cire kayan haɗin gwiwa, ana iya cire akwatin gear daga wurin zama

Rushe akwatin gear

Don kwakkwance REM, kuna buƙatar bugu da ƙari, guduma, naushi da abin ja mai ɗaukar nauyi. Don kwance akwatin gear, kuna buƙatar:

1. Sake kuma cire masu riƙewa.
   

   Ana fara kwance akwatin gear ɗin tare da kwancewa da cire faranti na kulle mai ɗaukar hoto
2. Alama wurin ma'auni.
   

   Kafin cire murfin ɗaukar hoto, yi alama wurin wurinsa.
3. Sake da cire iyakoki.
   

   Na gaba, kuna buƙatar cirewa da cire iyakoki masu ɗaukar nauyi.
4. Cire goro mai daidaitawa da ɗaukar tseren waje daga gidaje.
   

   Mataki na gaba shine cire kwaya mai daidaitawa da kuma tseren waje na ɗaukar nauyi.
5. Cire akwatin banbanta.
   

   An cire bambancin tare da duniyar duniyar da sauran sassan akwatin
6. Cire shingen tuƙi daga akwati.
   

   An cire madaidaicin tuƙi daga cikin akwati
7. Cire spacer daga mashin tuƙi.
   

   Dole ne a cire hannun rigar sarari daga mashin tuƙi na akwatin gear
8. Fitar da baya.
   

   An ƙwanƙwasa igiyar baya tare da zazzagewa
9. Cire zoben daidaitawa.
   

   Na gaba, kuna buƙatar cire zoben daidaitawa
10. Cire hatimin mai da mai mai.
    

    Mataki na gaba shine a cire hatimin mai da kuma mai.
11. Fitar da gaban gaba.
    

    Ana cire madaidaicin gaba daga akwati
12. Buga fitar da cire tseren waje na bearings daga akwati.
    

    An fitar da tseren waje na mai ɗaukar hoto tare da ƙwanƙwasa

Rarraba bambanci

Don tarwatsa bambancin, kuna buƙatar bugu da ƙari:

• guduma filastik;
• sandunan katako;
• mataimakin.

Don wargaza bambancin, kuna buƙatar:

1. Yin amfani da abin ja, cire bearings daga akwatin.
   

   Ana cire bearings na akwatin banbanta ta amfani da mai ja.
2. Matsa bambancin a cikin mataimakin, sanya tubalan katako. Cire kayan haɗin akwatin zuwa kayan aiki.
   

   Don cire haɗin kayan aikin da ake tuƙi, kuna buƙatar gyara akwatin a cikin vise
3. Cire bambancin tare da guduma filastik.
   

   An saki bambancin tare da guduma na filastik.
4. Cire kayan aikin da aka kore.
   

   Mataki na gaba shine cire kayan aikin duniya
5. Cire pinion axle.
   

   Sa'an nan kuma kana buƙatar cire axis na tauraron dan adam
6. Fitar da tauraron dan adam daga cikin akwatin.
   

   Dole ne a cire tauraron dan adam daga akwatin banbanta
7. Cire gears na gefe.
   

   Bayan tauraron dan adam, an cire gears na gefe
8. Cire goyan bayan wanki.
   

   Ƙarƙashin bambance-bambancen ya ƙare tare da cire masu wanke kayan tallafi

Mai rage daidaitawa

Bayan an gama ƙaddamar da REM, wajibi ne a wanke dukkan sassa a cikin man dizal kuma a tantance yanayin su ta amfani da dubawa na gani. Lokacin aiwatar da matsala, ya kamata a la'akari da cewa:

• idan gears suna sawa ta yadda daidaita su ba zai yiwu ba, ko kuma aƙalla haƙori ɗaya ya ɓace, dole ne a canza wannan ɓangaren;
• wajibi ne a kula da yanayin ramukan tauraron dan adam da sassan da ke kusa da su a kan gatari. Ana ba da izinin niƙa tare da takarda mai kyau kawai a cikin yanayin ƙananan lahani. Mafi sau da yawa, lalacewar tauraron dan adam yana buƙatar maye gurbin su;
• duk wani tsagewa da karyewa akan mahalli na gearbox da akwatin banbancewa ba su da karbuwa. Kasancewar irin wannan lalacewa yana ba da damar maye gurbin waɗannan sassa.

Ƙungiyar REM, a matsayin mai mulkin, yana ba da gyare-gyaren haɗin gwiwa. Don haɗawa da daidaita REM, kuna buƙatar bugu da ƙari:

• saitin bincike;
• dynamometer;
• calipers;
• mandrel;
• karfe faranti.

Jerin matakai kamar haka:

1. Muna tattara bambance-bambancen, tabbatar da bearings da planetary.
2. Muna sanya gears na gefen da aka riga aka lubricated a cikin akwatin.
   

   Wajibi ne a shigar da gears na gefe don a iya shigar da axle na pinion
3. Washers suna daidaita ɓangarorin axial na gears. Wannan alamar ya kamata ya kasance cikin 0,1 mm.
4. Muna shigar da tseren waje na bearings na madaidaicin shaft.
   

   Ana aiwatar da shigarwa na tseren waje na ƙayyadaddun ta amfani da guduma da dan kadan
5. Ƙayyade girman girman mai wanki mai daidaitawa. Don wannan, muna ɗaukar tsohuwar kaya kuma muna haɗa faranti mai tsayi 80 mm ta hanyar waldawa. Muna yin nisa na farantin kamar yadda yake da 50 mm daga gefensa zuwa ƙarshen kaya.
   

   Don ƙayyade kauri na shim, zaka iya amfani da farantin da aka welded zuwa kayan aiki
6. Muna tattara tsarin da aka yi a gida, muna kiyaye flange da bearings. Muna damƙar flange goro tare da karfin juyi na 7,9-9,8 N * m. Muna sanya REM a kan benci na aiki don haka saman hawan ya kasance a kwance. A wuraren da ake sakawa muna sanya kowane abu mai lebur, misali, guntun sandar ƙarfe.
   

   Ana sanya sandar zagaye na ƙarfe a kan gadon ɗaukar hoto kuma an ƙaddara tazarar da ke tsakanin sandar da farantin tare da ma'aunin ji.
7. Muna bayyana rata tsakanin sanda da farantin welded tare da taimakon bincike.
8. Idan muka cire abin da ake kira sabawa daga girman ƙididdiga daga ratar da aka samu (ana iya ganin wannan adadi akan kayan tuƙi), muna samun kauri da ake buƙata. Misali, idan tazarar ta kasance 2,9 mm kuma karkacewar -15, to kauri daga cikin wanki zai zama 2,9-(-0,15) = 3,05 mm.
9. Muna tara sabon kaya kuma mu hau "tip" a cikin mahalli na gearbox.
   

   An saita zoben daidaitawa a wuri tare da mandrel
10. Mun matsa flange fastening goro da karfi na 12 kgf * m.
    

    An ƙarfafa ƙwayar flange tare da ƙarfin 12 kgf * m
11. Muna auna lokacin juyawa na "tip" tare da dynamometer. Wannan ma'aunin ya kamata ya zama 19 kgf * m.
    

    Matsakaicin karfin juzu'i ya kamata ya zama 19 kgf * m
12. Muna sanya bambance-bambance a cikin gidaje, kuma muna danne maɗauran ma'auni. Idan bayan ƙarfafawa akwai koma baya na gears na gefe, kuna buƙatar zaɓar shims na kauri daban-daban.
13. Don ƙarfafa ƙwaya masu ɗaukar nauyi, muna amfani da ƙarancin ƙarfe mai faɗin 49,5 mm.
    

    Don ƙara ɗaure bambancin kwayoyi, zaku iya amfani da farantin mm 49,5 da aka yi da karfe 3 mm lokacin farin ciki
14. Muna auna nisa tsakanin iyakoki masu ɗaukar hoto tare da caliper.
    

    Ana yin ma'auni na nisa tsakanin ma'auni mai ɗaukar hoto tare da caliper vernier
15. Muna ƙarfafa kwayoyi masu daidaitawa a madadin daga gefen duniyar duniyar da kuma daga wancan gefe. Mun cimma rata na 0,08-0,13 mm tsakanin manyan gears. A wannan yanayin, zai yiwu a ji ƙaramin wasa na kyauta lokacin juya kayan duniya. Yayin da daidaitawar ke ci gaba, nisa tsakanin iyakoki na ƙara dan kadan.
16. Muna samar da preload mai ɗaukar nauyi ta hanyar ƙarfafa ƙwaya masu daidaitawa bi da bi har sai nisa tsakanin murfin ya ƙaru da 0,2 mm.
17. Muna sarrafa ratar da aka samu ta hanyar jujjuya kayan aiki a hankali. Idan tazarar ta ɓace, gyara shi tare da daidaita goro.
    

    Ana bincika sharewa tsakanin gears na babban biyu ta hanyar jujjuya kayan aiki
18. Mun shigar da RZM a cikin jikin bangon baya.

Video: yadda za a daidaita raya axle gearbox VAZ 2103

Daidaita kayan aikin VAZ

Gyaran akwati

A lokacin gyaran akwatin gear, yana iya zama dole a ƙwace axle na baya kuma a maye gurbin kowane kayan aikin sa.

Yadda ake raba gada

Wasu masu ababen hawa sun gwammace su raba gadar gida biyu maimakon tarwatsawa da tarwatsa ta na gargajiya don gyara ko gyara na REM. Wannan hanya tana samuwa, alal misali, ga masu mallakar UAZ motoci: ƙirar UAZ na baya na baya yana ba ku damar raba shi cikin rabi ba tare da cire shi ba. Wannan zai buƙaci:

1. Zuba mai.
2. Jack sama gada.
3. Wuri yana tsaye a ƙarƙashin kowane rabi.
4. Sake gyara skru.
5. A hankali yada rabi a waje.

Na bi hanya mai sauƙi: Na buɗe ƙananan kunnen mai ɗaukar girgiza na hagu, bututun birki daga te zuwa dabaran dama, matakan matakan hagu, na zubar da mai daga akwatin gear ɗin axle, jack ɗin da ke ƙarƙashin apple, jack ɗin ƙarƙashin gefen hagu na ƙugiya, tura ƙafar hagu zuwa gefe da GPU tare da bambanci a hannu. Don komai game da komai - 30-40 mintuna. Lokacin da ake hadawa, na dunƙule ƙugiya biyu a cikin rabin dama na gadar, kamar jagorori, na haɗa gadar tare da su.

Malikoff

http://forum.uazbuka.ru/archive/index.php/t-137742.html

Sauya tauraron dan adam

Tauraron dan adam - ƙarin gears - suna samar da madaidaicin lilin hannu daidai kuma suna aika da runduna iri ɗaya zuwa ƙafafun motar. Wadannan sassan suna cikin haɗin kai akai-akai tare da gears na gefe kuma suna samar da kaya a kan raƙuman axle dangane da matsayi na na'ura. Idan abin hawa yana tuƙi akan madaidaiciyar hanya, tauraron dan adam ya kasance a tsaye. Da zarar motar ta fara juyawa ko kuma ta fita zuwa kan wata mummunar hanya (watau kowace dabaran ta fara tafiya a kan hanyarta), tauraron dan adam ya fara aiki tare da sake rarraba wutar lantarki a tsakanin igiyoyin axle.

Ganin rawar da aka ba tauraron dan adam a cikin aikin REMs, yawancin masana sun ba da shawarar maye gurbin waɗannan sassa da sababbi lokacin da ƙananan alamun lalacewa ko lalacewa suka bayyana.

Idan ƙananan alamun lalacewa ko lalacewa sun bayyana, ana bada shawara don maye gurbin tauraron dan adam na akwatin gear Vaz 2103 tare da sababbi.

Majalisar Gada

Bayan kammala aikin da ke da alaƙa da gyarawa, daidaitawa ko maye gurbin RZM, an haɗa axle na baya. Hanyar haɗuwa ita ce juzu'in tarwatsewa:

• ana tsaftace wuraren tuntuɓar REM da gidajen axle na baya daga datti;
• an shigar da sabon gasket tsakanin akwatin gear da katako;
• RZM ya koma wurinsa kuma an daidaita shi tare da gyare-gyaren kusoshi;
• shigar a madadin shaft na gatari, birki ganguna da ƙafafun.

GASKET masana'antar RZM kwali ne, amma direbobi da yawa sun yi nasarar amfani da paronite. Abubuwan da ake amfani da su na irin wannan gaskets sune babban juriya na zafi da kuma ikon yin tsayayya da babban matsin lamba ba tare da canza inganci ba.

Direbobi sukan amince da ƙwararrun ƙwararrun a tashar sabis don gyarawa da daidaita RZM na mota VAZ 2103. Irin wannan aikin za a iya yin shi da kansa, idan akwai yanayi masu dacewa, da kayan aiki da kayan aiki masu mahimmanci. A lokaci guda, yana da kyau a yi haka a karon farko a ƙarƙashin kulawar ƙwararren ƙwararren masani, idan babu fasaha a cikin yin rarrabuwa mai zaman kanta, daidaitawa da taro na REM. Ba a ba da shawarar jinkirin gyarawa ba idan akwai wasu kararraki masu yawa daga gefen akwatin gear.