Makami mai linzami na AARGM ko yadda ake hulɗa da tsarin tsaro na iska A2 / AD

Makami mai linzami na Anti-radar AGM-88 HARM shine mafi kyawun makami mai linzami na wannan nau'in a duniya, wanda ya tabbatar da kansa a cikin ayyukan yaƙi a yawancin rikice-rikice na makamai. AGM-88E AARGM shine sabon sigar sa kuma mafi ci gaba. Hoton sojojin ruwan Amurka

A cikin shekaru 20 zuwa 30 da suka gabata an sami gagarumin juyin juya hali a fagen karfin soja, wanda akasari ke da alaka da bunkasa fasahar kwamfuta, software, sadarwar bayanai, na'urorin lantarki, radar da fasahohin na'urorin lantarki. Godiya ga wannan, yana da sauƙin gano iska, sama da ƙasa, sannan a kai musu hari da ingantattun makamai.

Gajartawar A2 / AD tana nufin Anti Access/ Denial Area, ma'ana a cikin fassarar kyauta amma mai iya fahimta: "An haramta shiga" da "yankuna masu ƙuntata". Anti-nasara - lalata kadarorin abokan gaba a bayan wani yanki mai kariya ta hanyar dogon zango. Bangaren yankin, shi ne yakar abokan hamayyar ku kai tsaye a cikin wani yanki mai kariya don kada su sami 'yancin yin tafiya a kai ko sama. Ma'anar A2 / AD yana aiki ba kawai ga ayyukan iska ba, har ma zuwa teku, kuma zuwa wani matsayi, zuwa ƙasa.

A fagen tinkarar makaman kai hare-hare ta sama, wani muhimmin ci gaba ba wai an samu gagarumin ci gaba ba ne kawai na yuwuwar kai hari da makami mai linzami daga sama zuwa sama ko kuma makami mai linzami da aka harba daga iska zuwa iska. , amma, sama da duka, Multi-channel anti-aircraft tsarin. A baya a cikin 70s, 80s, da 90s, yawancin tsarin SAM da ake amfani da su na iya yin harbi a jirgin sama ɗaya kawai a cikin jerin harbe-harbe. Sai bayan bugun (ko rasa) za a iya harba makasudin na gaba (ko iri ɗaya). Don haka, jirgin da ke cikin yankin na lalata tsarin makami mai linzami na jiragen sama yana da alaƙa da matsakaicin asara, idan akwai. Na'urorin makami mai linzami na zamani, masu iya kai hari a lokaci guda da yawa ko dozin tare da yuwuwar bugun hari, suna da ikon lalata zahirin gungun masu yajin aikin da suka fada yankin da suke aiki da gangan. Tabbas, matakan lantarki na lantarki, tarkuna daban-daban da harsashi masu shiru, haɗe tare da dabarun aiki masu dacewa, na iya rage tasirin tsarin makami mai linzami na jirgin sama da gaske, amma haɗarin babban hasara yana da yawa.

Sojojin soja da albarkatun da Tarayyar Rasha ta tattara a yankin Kaliningrad suna da kariya a cikin yanayi, amma a lokaci guda suna da wasu damar da za su iya kaiwa hari. Dukkanin su - don sauƙaƙe tsarin sarrafawa - suna ƙarƙashin Dokar Baltic Fleet, amma akwai abubuwan ruwa, ƙasa da iska.

Kariyar iska da makami mai linzami na yankin Kaliningrad an shirya shi ne a kan sashin tsaro na 44, wanda hedkwatarsa ​​ke Kaliningrad. Rukunin Injiniyan Rediyo na 81 da ke da hedkwata a Piroslavsky ne ke da alhakin sarrafa sararin samaniya. Sassan magance hare-haren jiragen sama - Brigade na makami mai linzami na 183 na sansanin a Gvardeysk da kuma 1545th anti-aircraft regiment a Znamensk. Brigade ya ƙunshi squadrons shida: na 1st da 3rd suna da S-400 matsakaici-tsarin hana jiragen sama, da na 2nd, 4th, 5th and 6th S-300PS (a kan wani wheeled chassis). A gefe guda, Rundunar Tsaro ta 1545th Anti-Aircraft Regiment tana da ƙungiyoyi biyu na S-300W4 matsakaici-tsayin anti-jirgin sama (a kan chassis sa ido).

Bugu da kari, rundunar tsaron iska na sojojin kasa da na marine sanye take da gajeren zangon anti-jirgin sama tsarin "Tor", "Strela-10" da "Igla", kazalika da kai hare-hare da makamai masu linzami "Tunguska". " da ZSU-23-4.

Rundunar Sojan Sama na 44th Air Defence Division na daga cikin 72nd Air Base a Chernyakhovsk, wanda 4th Chekalovsky Assault Aviation Regiment (16 Su-24MR, 8 Su-30M2 da 5 Su-30SM) da 689th Fighter Aviation Regiment ne. An sanya shi zuwa Chernyakhovsk (3 Su-27s, 6 Su-27Ps, 13 Su-27SM3s, 3 Su-27PUs da 2 Su-27UBs). Ana shirya sashi don jujjuya su zuwa mayakan Su-35.

Kamar yadda kake gani, rundunar tsaron iska ta A2 ta ƙunshi mayaka 27 Su-27 (jirgin horar da kujeru biyu suna da tsarin makami iri ɗaya kamar jirgin yaƙi mai kujeru guda ɗaya), 8 Su-30 mai maƙasudi da yawa, S-400s guda huɗu. , Batirin S-300PS guda takwas da baturan S-300W4 guda hudu, rundunar tsaron iska ta kunshi batura Tor hudu, batir Strela-10 guda biyu, batir Tunguska guda biyu, da kuma adadin Igla MANPADS da ba a sani ba.

Bugu da kari, ya wajaba a kara tsarin gano farkon jirgin ruwa da kuma tsarin gano wuta na matsakaici, gajere da gajere, wanda yayi daidai da kusan dozin dozin guda, makaman roka da batir manyan bindigogi.

Ya kamata a ba da kulawa ta musamman ga hadaddun S-400, wanda ke da matukar tasiri. Baturi daya yana iya harba har guda 10 a lokaci guda, ma'ana jimillar batura hudu na iya yin wuta a lokaci guda har zuwa sel 40 a jeren harbe-harbe guda daya. Kit ɗin yana amfani da makami mai linzami masu jagora 40N6 tare da iyakar iyakar lalata maƙasudin anti-aerodynamic na kilomita 400 tare da shugaban radar homing mai aiki, 48N6DM tare da kewayon kilomita 250 tare da shugaban radar mai cikakken aiki tare da tsarin bin diddigin manufa. kuma 9m96m. tare da shugaban homing na radar mai aiki tare da kewayon kilomita 120 don maƙasudin aerodynamic. Ana iya amfani da duk nau'ikan makamai masu linzami na sama masu shiryarwa lokaci guda don yaƙar makamai masu linzami na ballistic mai nisan kilomita 1000-2500 a kewayon kilomita 20-60. Me wadannan kilomita 400 ke nufi? Wannan yana nufin cewa idan jirginmu F-16 Jastrząb ya samu tsayin daka bayan tashinsa daga filin jirgin sama na Poznan-Kshesiny, nan da nan za a iya harba su daga yankin Kaliningrad da makamai masu linzami 40N6 daga tsarin S-400.

NATO ta yarda cewa sun yi watsi da ci gaban Tarayyar Rasha na A2 / AD tsarin tsaron iska. Ba a yi la'akari da babbar barazana ba sai a shekarar 2014, kafin mamayar Crimea. Turawa dai kawai na kwance damarar makamai, har ma akwai masu ra'ayin cewa lokaci ya yi da za a janye sojojin Amurka daga Turai, musamman Jamus. An daina buƙatar su - 'yan siyasar Turai suna tunanin haka. Har ila yau, Amurkawa sun mayar da hankalinsu da farko kan yankin gabas ta tsakiya da matsalar ta'addancin Musulunci, sannan kuma zuwa gabas mai nisa, dangane da ci gaban dakaru masu linzami da ake yi a kasar ta DPRK, da kuma kera makamai masu linzami da za su iya isa kasar Amurka.