Rabin karni na Tarayyar part 2
Rabin karni zuwa Tarayyar
Wani bincike da aka yi kan tashin jiragen sama na Soyuz-2 da -3 ya nuna cewa dukkan jiragen biyu sun tabbatar da begen da aka yi musu. Idan da yanayin ɗan adam bai gaza ba, da mafi mahimmancin batu na shirin jirgin - haɗin su - da an kammala shi. A cikin wannan yanayin, yana yiwuwa a yi ƙoƙarin sake maimaita aikin da aka gina jirgin sama na 7K-OK - gwajin ma'amala, haɗi a cikin kewayawa da kuma jujjuyawar 'yan sama jannati daga wannan jirgi zuwa wani tare da saman su.
7K-Ok - tare da sa'a daban-daban
Me yasa 'yan saman jannati suke tafiya a saman? Da farko dai, domin ta haka ne jirgin Soviet Lunarut da ke kewaya duniyar wata ya tashi daga mai kewayawa zuwa jirgin balaguro da dawowa, kuma dole ne a yi nazari sosai a kusa da duniya. Jirgin Soyuz-4 da Soyuz-5 a cikin mafi yawan abubuwansa an gudanar da su daidai - jiragen ruwa sun hadu kuma sun haɗu daga farkon saukowa. A lokacin miƙa mulki, Eliseev ya rasa kamara, da kuma Khrunov samu tangled a cikin ikon igiyoyi na kara, amma wannan bai shafi overall sakamakon gwajin.
Wani yanayi mai haɗari ya taso lokacin da Soyuz-5 ya dawo duniya. Bangaren POO bai rabu da filin jirgin ba kuma jirgin ya fara shiga cikin sararin samaniya da hanci. Firam ɗin karfe-titanium na ƙyanƙyashe ya fara narkewa, hatimin roba na ciki ya ruguje gaba ɗaya, kuma iskar gas ɗin da ke konewar garkuwar da ke ƙyanƙyashe ta fara shiga cikin filin. A lokacin ƙarshe, tsarin rabuwa na baya ya haifar da zafi mai zafi, kuma bayan watsi da PAO, mai ƙasa yana cikin matsayi don mamayewa da saukowa na ballistic.
Volynov ya kasance a zahiri daƙiƙa kaɗan daga mutuwa. Ƙarshen jirgin kuma ya yi nisa da abin da ake kira saukowa mai laushi. Parachute din dai ya samu matsala wajen daidaitawar motar da ke gangarowa yayin da take jujjuyawa tare da kusurwoyinta na tsayin daka, wanda ya kusan kai ga rugujewar kubbarsa. Wani tasiri mai karfi a saman duniya ya haifar da karaya da yawa daga tushen hakora na sama da dan sama jannati. Wannan ya kammala matakin farko na binciken jirgin 7K-OK.
Ya ɗauki jiragen ruwa goma sha uku, ko kuma, kamar yadda ake kiran su, inji, don yin su, maimakon huɗun da aka tsara. An kuma tsawaita wa'adin kammala ayyukan, maimakon lokacin bazara na 1967, an kammala su kusan shekaru biyu kawai. A wannan lokacin, ya bayyana a fili cewa tseren tare da Amurkawa zuwa wata ya ɓace gaba ɗaya, masu fafatawa sun sami nasarar yin irin wannan jiragen kuma sun riga sun yi sau da yawa har zuwa ƙarshen 1966. Hatta gobarar Apollo da ta ci rayukan ma’aikatanta baki daya, ta jinkirta shirin da shekara daya da rabi kacal.
A cikin wannan hali, mutane sun fara tunanin abin da za su yi da sauran jiragen ruwa OK. A cikin kaka (wanda ke nufin, bayan nasarar saukar jirgin Apollo 11 a duniyar wata), an harba kumbon Soyuz guda uku a tsakar rana. Biyu daga cikinsu (7 da 8) ya kamata su haɗa, kuma na uku (6) shine ya harbi motsi daga nesa na 300 zuwa 50 m. Abin takaici, ya juya cewa tsarin tsarin Igla akan Soyuz-8 bai yi aiki ba. . . Da farko, jiragen biyu sun rabu da nisan kilomita da yawa, sa'an nan kuma an rage nisa zuwa 1700 m, amma wannan ya ninka sau biyar fiye da wanda zai iya gwada kusanci da hannu. A daya hannun, da Tantancewar gwaji na Soyuz-7 ma'aikatan "Lead" (gane ballistic harba makami mai linzami), kazalika da metallurgical gwajin "Volcano" (gwajin da lantarki waldi na karafa a cikin depressurized zaune daki na Soyuz- 6 jirgin sama) ya zama mai nasara.
