M aminci a matsayin dangi ra'ayi

Tare da sabuwar mota ko ƙarni da ke shiga kasuwa, yana ƙara fitowa fili cewa gwajin haɗarin ya wuce, kamar yadda aka saba, za a yaba sosai. Kowane mai kera motoci yana son yin alfahari da cewa sabon samfur ɗin su ya cika ƙaƙƙarfan ƙa'idodin aminci kowace shekara, kuma yana ƙara ƙarin haske idan sun ƙara fasalin aminci wanda bai kasance a baya a cikin jeri ba (kamar tsarin gujewa haɗarin birane). gudun ta siginar radar).

Amma komai zai daidaita. Menene gwaje -gwajen faduwa kuma menene don su? Waɗannan gwaje-gwaje ne da ƙwararrun masana suka tsara musamman don dogaro da kwaikwayon wasu nau'ikan firgici na zahiri wanda ke faruwa kwatsam ko ba da gangan ba kowace rana. Sun ƙunshi manyan sassa uku:

• shiri don gwaji (watau shirya motoci, dummies, kyamarori, kayan aunawa, lissafi na gaba, aunawa da shirye -shiryen wasu kayan haɗi),
• sosai gwajin karo,
• bincike bayanan da aka auna da rikodin da kimantawarsu ta gaba.

Euro NCAP

Don rufe duk abubuwan da aka tsara, gwajin bai ƙunshi rushewa ɗaya ba, amma, a matsayin mai mulkin, kwamishinoni suna “karya” motoci da yawa. A Turai, mashahuran gwaje -gwajen hatsarin da ƙungiyar NCAP ta Euro ke yi. A cikin sabuwar hanyar, gwaji ya kasu kashi 4. Na farko ya shafi kariyar fasinjoji manya kuma ya ƙunshi:

• Yajin gaba a gudun 64 km / h zuwa wani shinge mai canzawa tare da ɗaukar nauyin motar 40% da cikas (watau 60% na gaban motar ba ya yin hulɗa ta farko tare da shinge), inda amincin manya a kai , wuyansa, yankin kirji ana sarrafa shi sosai (taksi da kaya lokacin da ke raguwa tare da bel), cinya tare da gwiwoyi (tuntuɓi ɓangaren ɓangaren dashboard), aski da, ga direba da ƙafafu, (haɗarin motsi ƙungiyar ƙafar ƙafa) . Ana kuma tantance amincin kujerun kansu da kuma zaman lafiyar keɓaɓɓen keji. Masu kera ƙila za su iya rubuta irin wannan kariya ga fasinjoji na wasu tsauni fiye da mannequins ko mannequins. a wani wurin zama daban. Za a ba da matsakaicin maki 16 don wannan ɓangaren.
• Bbugawa ido ido tare da nakasasshen shinge cikin gudun kilomita 50 / h zuwa motar da ke tsaye, inda ake sake sa ido kan lafiyar babba, musamman ƙashin ƙugu, kirji da kai wajen hulɗa da gefen motar, ko kuma tasirin jakunkuna na gefe da na kai. Anan motar zata iya samun matsakaicin maki 8.
• Rikicin gefen mota tare da tsayayyen shafi a gudun 29 km / h ba wajibi ba ne, amma masana'antun mota sun riga sun kammala shi akai-akai, yanayin kawai shine kasancewar jakunkunan iska. Ana kimanta sassan jikin babba kamar yadda aka yi a baya. Hakanan - matsakaicin maki 8.
• Okariya na kashin mahaifa a cikin tasirin baya, wannan kuma shine gwaji na ƙarshe ga manyan fasinjoji. Siffar wurin zama da kusurwar kai ana sarrafa su, kuma yana da ban sha'awa cewa kujeru da yawa har yanzu ba su da kyau a yau. Anan zaka iya samun matsakaicin maki 4.

Kashi na biyu na gwaje -gwajen an sadaukar da shi ga amincin fasinjoji a cikin sashin fasinja na yara, suna yin alama don shigarwa da haɗe kujeru da sauran tsarin aminci.

• Ana lura da dummies biyu na izgili. yara 18 da 36 watannidake cikin kujerun mota a kujerun baya. Duk haɗarurrukan da aka ambata zuwa yanzu dole ne a yi rikodin su, ban da kwaikwayon tasirin baya. Bayan kammala nasara, duka dummies na iya karɓar matsakaicin maki 12 ba tare da juna ba.
• Da ke ƙasa akwai ƙimar matsakaicin maki 4 don alamomin maƙallan kujerar mota, kuma zaɓuɓɓukan da kansu suna ba da maki 2 don matsa kujerar mota.
• Ƙarshen rukuni na biyu shine kimanta isasshen alamar yanayin jakar jakar fasinja akan rukunin kayan aikin, yana nuna yuwuwar kashe jakar fasinja da yuwuwar yiwuwar sanya kujerar motar a gefe guda, kasancewar bel ɗin kujera mai maki uku da gargaɗi. Kawai maki 13.

Nau'i na uku yana kula da kariyar mafi ƙarancin masu amfani da hanya - masu tafiya a ƙasa. Ya ƙunshi:

• Nta farashi tasirin kwaikwayo shugaban jariri (2,5 kg) a shugaban manya (4,8 kg) a kan murfin motar, cikin fasaha don maki 24 (lura: sakamakon al'ada na maki 16-18, wanda ke nufin cewa koda motocin da ke da cikakkiyar ƙima galibi ba sa kai matsakaicin matakin ƙima).
• Pelvic bugun jini o gefunan bonnet tare da matsakaicin maki 6 (galibi wuri mafi haɗari don raunin masu tafiya a ƙafa, tare da kashi biyu).
• Shura o Matsakaici na tsakiya da ƙasa, inda galibi motoci ke samun cikakkiyar maki 6.

Kashi na ƙarshe, na ƙarshe, na huɗu yana kimanta tsarin taimako.

• Hakanan zaka iya samun tunatarwa game da rashin saka bel ɗin kujera da kasancewar tsarin daidaitawa na zamani na zamani - don maki 3, motar tana samun madaidaicin saurin, idan an shigar dashi.

Sakamakon gabaɗaya, kamar yadda da yawa daga cikin mu suka sani, yana bayyana adadin taurari, inda taurari 5 ke nufin ingantaccen tsaro, wanda a hankali yake raguwa yayin da adadin taurari ke raguwa. Sannu a hankali an tsaurara sharuddan tun farkon gwajin haɗarin, wanda ke nufin cewa motar da ta karɓi cikakken taurari yayin ƙaddamarwa za ta cimma matakan tsaro, misali, a matakin tauraro uku na yau (duba sabon sakamakon taurari uku na Peugeot 107 / Citroen C1 / Toyota Aygo sau uku, tare da ƙima mafi girma a lokacin shiga kasuwa).

Ka'idoji don kimantawa

Bayan haka, waɗanne ƙa'idodi ne motocin zamani su cika don yin alfahari da mafi kyawun ƙimar "tauraro"? Ana bayar da sakamako na ƙarshe bisa la'akari da ƙimar kowane ɗayan ƙungiyoyi huɗu da aka ambata, wanda aka bayyana a matsayin kashi.

An tsara sabon NCAP don 5 taurari rating tare da ƙaramar riba:

• 80% na jimlar matsakaici,
• 80% kariya ga manyan fasinjoji,
• 75% kare yara,
• 60% kariyar masu tafiya a ƙasa,
• 60% don tsarin taimako.

4 taurari rating Motar ta cancanci cikawa don:

• 70% na jimlar matsakaici,
• 70% kariya ga manyan fasinjoji,
• 60% kare yara,
• 50% kariyar masu tafiya a ƙasa,
• 40% don tsarin taimako.

3 taurari nasara An ƙaddara:

• 60% na jimlar matsakaici,
• 40% kariya ga manyan fasinjoji,
• 30% kare yara,
• 25% kariyar masu tafiya a ƙasa,
• 25% don tsarin taimako.

A ƙarshe, a ganina, na zo kan mahimmin batun wannan labarin, wanda kuma shine farkon ƙarfafawa ga wannan batun. Sunan da kansa ya bayyana shi sosai. Mutumin da ya yanke shawarar siyan sabuwar mota kuma saboda amfani da sabbin hanyoyin tsaro da tsarin, sabili da haka mafi girman aminci, dole ne ya fahimci cewa har yanzu yana siyan ƙarfe ne kawai da “akwatin” filastik wanda zai iya motsawa a zahiri. saurin haɗari. Bugu da kari, cikakken isar da karfi zuwa hanya ana tabbatar da shi ta fuskoki hudu kawai na tayoyin masu girman girman "baba". Cewa koda sabon ƙirar da aka ƙima tana da iyakokinta kuma an ƙera ta tare da sanannun tasirin da injiniyoyi suka yi la’akari da su yayin haɓakawa, amma menene zai faru idan muka canza ƙa'idodin tasiri? Wannan shine ainihin abin da Kungiyar Kare Hadurra ta Amurka ta kira INSURANCE INSTITUTE DOMIN LAFIYA HANYA riga a 2008 a karkashin sunan Ƙaramin gwajin gwaji... Af, an san shi da yanayi mai tsauri fiye da na Turai, gami da gwajin jujjuyawar SUVs (wanda aka bayyana a matsayin yawan yuwuwar jujjuyawar), waɗanda ke da nasara sosai bayan babban karo.

Ƙaramin gwajin gwaji

Ko kuma in ba haka ba: tasirin kai-da-kai a kan tsayayyen cikas tare da ƙaramin ruɗani. Wannan karo-karo ne a kan gudun kilomita 64 / h a cikin wani cikas mara daidaituwa (mara tsayawa) tare da dunkulewar kashi 20% kawai (motar ta hadu kuma da farko ta fara samun cikas a kan 20% na kallon gaba yanki, ragowar 80% ba sa taɓa cikas yayin tasirin farko). Wannan gwajin yana kwaikwayon tasirin bayan ƙoƙarin farko don gujewa cikas mai wuya kamar itace. Gwargwadon ƙimar ya ƙunshi ma'aunin magana guda huɗu: mai kyau, adalci, iyaka, da rauni. Tabbas kuna magana ne saboda yana kama da ƙasarmu a Turai (40% ruɓaɓɓen shinge da nakasa). Koyaya, sakamakon ya dakatar da kowa, tunda a wancan lokacin har ma da motoci mafi aminci ba a tsara su don wannan tasirin ba kuma sun ba wa direban raunin har ma da saurin "birni". Lokaci ya ci gaba, kamar yadda wasu masana'antun suka yi a wannan batun. A bayyane yake ganin banbanci tsakanin ƙirar da ke shirye don irin wannan tasirin, da ƙirar da masu haɓakawa ba su ba da robots da yawa ba. Volvo yayi daidai a wannan yanki na aminci kuma ya ƙera sabon samfurin (2012) S60 da XC60, don haka bai kamata ya zama abin mamaki ba cewa motocin sun sami mafi kyawun ƙimar. Ta kuma yi mamakin karamar Toyota iQ, wacce ita ma ta yi rawar gani sosai. Fiye da duka, ni kaina da kaina nayi mamakin sabon samfurin BMW 3 F30, wanda kwamishinonin suka ɗauka a matsayin ɗan ƙarami. Bugu da kari, samfuran Lexus guda biyu (a matsayin mafi kyawun alamar alamar Toyota) ba su sami ƙima mai ƙima ba. Akwai samfura da yawa da aka tabbatar, dukkansu ana samun su kyauta akan hanyar sadarwa.