Bambanci tsakanin injin lantarki da injin zafi

Menene bambance -bambance na asali tsakanin injin zafi da injin lantarki? Domin idan mai sanin yakamata ya sami tambayar a madaidaiciya, mafi yawan sababbin sababbin za su yi tambayoyi game da wannan ... Duk da haka, ba za mu iyakance ga kallon injin kawai ba, amma kuma za mu yi saurin nazarin watsawa don fahimtar falsafar. ire -iren wadannan fasaha guda biyu.

Duba kuma: Me yasa motocin lantarki ke hanzarta mafi kyau?

Tushen ka'idoji

Da farko, Ina so in tunatar da ku cewa ikon injin da ƙimar ƙarfin ƙarfi, a ƙarshe, rarrabuwar bayanai ne kawai. Lalle ne, a ce biyu injuna da damar 200 hp. da 400 Nm na karfin juyi iri ɗaya ne, a zahiri ba gaskiya bane… 200 hp kuma 400 Nm shine kawai iyakar ƙarfin da waɗannan injuna biyu ke bayarwa, kuma ba cikakkun bayanai ba. Domin kwatanta waɗannan injunan guda biyu daki-daki, ƙarfin / juzu'i na kowane yana buƙatar kwatanta. Domin ko da waɗannan injinan suna da halaye iri ɗaya, wato ƙarfi ɗaya da kololuwar ƙarfi, za su sami nau'ikan kisa daban-daban. Don haka karfin jujjuyawar daya daga cikin injunan biyu zai kasance a matsakaita sama da sauran kuma saboda haka zai zama mafi inganci duk da cewa sun yi kama da takarda… injin dizal yana da ban sha'awa gabaɗaya fiye da injin petur na irin wannan iko, ko da yake na yarda cewa misalin da aka bayar a nan bai cika ba (matsakaicin juzu'i dole ne ya bambanta sosai, koda kuwa ikon injinan biyu iri ɗaya ne).

Karanta kuma: Bambanci Tsakanin Karfi da Iko

Abubuwa da aiki na injinan lantarki da na zafi

Motar lantarki

Bari mu fara da abu mafi sauƙi, injin lantarki yana aiki godiya ga ƙarfin electromagnetic, wato "ƙarfin maganadisu" ga waɗanda ba su da cikakkiyar fahimtar manufar. A zahiri, kun riga kun sami ƙwarewar cewa soyayya na iya haifar da ƙarfi akan wani maganadisu lokacin da aka haɗa su tare, kuma hakika, injin lantarki yana amfani da wannan ƙarshen don motsawa.

Kodayake ƙa'idar ta kasance iri ɗaya, akwai nau'ikan injunan lantarki guda uku: motar DC, motar AC mai daidaitawa (rotor wanda ke jujjuyawa da sauri kamar yadda aka kawo wa coils), da kuma asynchronous AC (rotor mai jujjuyawa dan kadan a hankali halin yanzu aika). Don haka, akwai kuma injin goge -goge da goge -goge, gwargwadon ko rotor ɗin yana haifar da ruwan 'ya'yan itace (idan na motsa maganadisu kusa da shi, koda ba tare da tuntuɓe ba, ruwan yana bayyana a cikin kayan) ko ana watsa shi (a cikin wannan yanayin ina buƙatar yin allurar jiki) ruwan 'ya'yan itace a cikin reel don haka na ƙirƙiri mai haɗawa wanda ke ba da damar rotor ya motsa: buroshi da ke gogewa da barin ruwan kamar ta jirgin ƙasa an haɗa shi da igiyoyin lantarki daga sama ta amfani da levers da ake kira pantograph).

Don haka, injin lantarki yana ƙunshe da ƙananan sassa: “rotor rotating” wanda ke juyawa a cikin stator. Induaya yana haifar da ƙarfin wutan lantarki lokacin da aka nuna masa halin yanzu, ɗayan kuma yana mai da martani ga wannan ƙarfin don haka ya fara juyawa. Idan ban yi allurar ƙarin ƙarfi ba, ƙarfin magnetic ba zai ƙara ɓacewa saboda haka babu wani abin da zai motsa.

A ƙarshe, ana ba shi wutar lantarki, madaidaicin halin yanzu (ruwan yana juyawa da baya) ko ci gaba (maimakon canza halin yanzu a mafi yawan lokuta). Kuma idan injin lantarki zai iya haɓaka 600 hp, alal misali, zai iya haɓaka 400 hp. sai dai idan bai samu isasshen kuzari ba ... Batirin da ya yi rauni sosai zai iya, alal misali, ƙuntata aikin injin ɗin kuma mai yuwuwa ba zai yi aiki ba. iya bunkasa dukkan ikonsa.

Duba kuma: yadda motar motar lantarki ke aiki

Injin zafi

Injin zafi yana amfani da halayen thermodynamic. Ainihin, yana amfani da faɗaɗa iskar gas (wanda zai iya faɗi, mai ƙonewa) don jujjuya sassan inji. Cakuda mai da mai ƙonawa ya makale a cikin ɗakin, komai yana ƙonewa, kuma wannan yana haifar da faɗaɗawa mai ƙarfi saboda haka matsin lamba mai yawa (ƙa'idar iri ɗaya ga masu kashe gobara a ranar 14 ga Yuli). Ana amfani da wannan fadada don jujjuya crankshaft ta hanyar rufe silinda (matsawa).

Duba kuma: aikin injin zafi

Mai watsa wutar lantarki VS injin zafi

Kamar yadda kuka sani, injunan lantarki na iya gudu cikin sauri sosai. Don haka, wannan halayyar ta gamsar da injiniyoyi don yin watsi da akwatin gear (har yanzu akwai raguwa, ko kuma raguwa, sabili da haka rahoto), wanda a cikin tsari yana rage farashi da sarkakiyar motar (sabili da haka amintacce). Lura, duk da haka, cewa mai zuwa yakamata ya kawo rahoto na biyu don dalilan inganci da dumama motar, wannan kuma ya shafi Taycan.

Sabili da haka, akwai babbar fa'ida anan saboda injin zafi zai ɓata lokacin canza kayan aiki tare da ƙarin kari na rage ƙarfin wuta.

Don haka, a cikin murmurewa, wannan ma fa'ida ce, saboda koyaushe muna cikin yanayin lantarki akan rikodin da ya dace, tunda akwai guda ɗaya. A kan injin dumama, zai zama dole ne a nemo injin da ya fi dacewa kuma a bar akwatinan ya yi ta atomatik (ƙwanƙwasa ƙasa don haɓaka aikin), kuma hakan yana ɓata lokaci.

Don taƙaitawa, zamu iya cewa motar lantarki tana da madaidaicin madaidaiciya / juzu'i yayin haɓaka, yayin da injin zafi zai sami dama (gwargwadon adadin giyar), yana tsalle daga ɗayan zuwa wancan godiya ga akwatin gear.

Wutar lantarki VS injin zafi

Na'urorin zafi da na lantarki ba kawai sun bambanta ƙwarai a cikin watsawa ba, amma kuma ba su da hanyoyi iri ɗaya na watsa ƙarfi da ƙarfi.

Motar lantarki tana da faffadan fa'ida saboda tana iya ɗaukar saurin gudu yayin da take riƙe da ƙarfi da ƙarfi sosai. Don haka, karfin jujjuyawar sa yana farawa daga saman kuma yana sauka kawai. Ƙarfin wutar yana tashi da sauri sannan a hankali ya faɗi yayin da kuke hawa zuwa wurin.

ENGINE TURMAL CURVE

Anan ne madaidaicin injin zafi na gargajiya. Yawancin lokaci, mafi yawan karfin juyi da iko suna kusa da tsakiyar kewayon rev (suna da alaƙa, duba hanyar haɗin gwiwa a farkon labarin). A kan injin turbocharged, wannan yana faruwa zuwa tsakiyar, kuma akan injin da ake so, zuwa saman tachometer.

CURVE MOTOR ELECTRIC

Injin zafi yana da maɓalli daban-daban, tare da matsakaicin ƙarfi da ƙarfin da aka haɓaka a cikin ƙaramin yanki na kewayon rev. Don haka za mu sami akwatin gear don amfani da wannan ƙarfin / juzu'i mafi girma a duk lokacin haɓakawa. Matsakaicin saurin jujjuyawa (mafi girman gudu) yana iyakance ne ta gaskiyar cewa muna hulɗa da sassa na ƙarfe masu nauyi masu nauyi da kuma son mitar injin yana da haɗari ga sassan wanda zai iya jujjuya (ƙarin saurin yana ƙara juzu'i) don haka zafin da zai iya yin sassa. "mai laushi" saboda ɗan "narkewa"). Saboda haka, muna da maɓalli na man fetur (ƙaramar ƙonewa) da ƙayyadaddun allura a kan diesel.

A takaice magana, injin zafi yana da babban saurin ƙasa da 8000 rpm, yayin da injin lantarki zai iya isa zuwa 16 rpm cikin sauƙi tare da matakan ƙima da ƙarfi a cikin wannan kewayon. Injin zafi yana da babban ƙarfi da karfin juyi kawai a cikin ƙaramin saurin injin.

Bambanci na ƙarshe: idan muka kai ƙarshen lanƙwasa na lantarki, muna lura cewa ba zato ba tsammani sun faɗi. Wannan iyakan yana da alaƙa da mitar AC da ke da alaƙa da adadin sandunan mota. Wannan yana nufin cewa lokacin da kuka isa matsakaicin gudu, ba za ku iya wuce shi ba, kamar yadda injin ke haifar da juriya. Idan muka wuce wannan saurin, za mu sami birki na injin mai ƙarfi wanda zai shiga cikin hanyar ku.