Babban tankin yaki Type 74
Babban tankin yaki Type 74
Babban tank "74" yana da wani classic layout tare da m engine da watsa. An yi wa ƙwanƙolinsa welded daga farantin sulke, an jefa turret ɗin. Ana inganta kariyar ballistic ta hanyar amfani da madaidaicin turret da manyan kusurwoyi na karkata na manyan faranti na sulke na sulke. Matsakaicin kauri na sulke na ɓangaren gaba na ƙugiya shine 110 mm a kusurwar karkata na 65°. Babban makamin na tankin bindigar L105A7 ce mai girman milimita 1, wacce aka daidaita a cikin jiragen jagora guda biyu. Nippon Seikose ne ya kera shi a ƙarƙashin lasisi. An inganta na'urorin sake dawowa. Za ta iya harba harsasai mai girman mm 105 da ake amfani da su a cikin sojojin kasashen NATO, ciki har da makami mai linzami na Amurka M735, wanda aka kera a Japan karkashin lasisi.
Nauyin harsasai na tankin “74” ya hada da manyan harsashi masu sulke kawai da harsashi masu fashewa, jimillar zagaye 55, wadanda aka sanya su a cikin gindin bayan hasumiya. Load ɗin hannu ne. Bindigar tsaye tana nuna kusurwoyi daga -6° zuwa +9°. Saboda dakatarwar hydropneumatic, ana iya ƙara su da kewayo daga -12 ° zuwa +15 °. Makaman taimako na tankin "74" ya hada da bindigar coaxial 7,62-mm wanda ke gefen hagu na cannon (harsashi 4500). An saka bindigar riga-kafi mai tsayin mm 12,7 a fili a kan maƙallan da ke kan turret tsakanin ƙyanƙyashe na kwamanda da mai ɗaukar kaya. Ana iya harba shi ta hanyar loda da kwamanda. Matsakaicin maƙasudin mashin ɗin suna cikin kewayo daga -10° zuwa +60°. Harsashi - 660 zagaye.
A gefen hagu na hasumiya, ana hawa na'urorin harba gurneti guda uku don saita allon hayaki. Tsarin sarrafa gobara ya haɗa da hangen nesa na Laser, babban da ƙarin abubuwan gani na maharin, na'urar tabbatar da makamai, kwamfuta ta ballistic ta lantarki, kwamandan kwamanda da gunner, da kuma jagorar jagora don auna kewayon da shirya bayanai don harbe-harbe. an sanya wa kwamanda. Yana amfani da haɗin gwiwa (rana / dare) hangen nesa na periscope, wanda ke da ginanniyar ƙirar ruby laser rangefinder, wanda ke auna kewayo daga 300 zuwa 4000 m. Ganin yana da haɓakar 8x kuma an haɗa shi da igwa ta amfani da na'urar parallelogram. . Don kallon ko'ina, akwai na'urorin kallo guda biyar da aka sanya tare da kewayen ƙyanƙyasar kwamanda. Maharbin yana da babban haɗe-haɗe (rana / dare) hangen nesa tare da haɓakar 8x da ƙarin gani na telescopic, na'urorin hangen nesa na dare mai aiki. Ana haska maƙasudin da fitilar binciken xenon da aka sanya a hagu na abin rufe fuska na bindiga.
An shigar da na'urar ballistic na dijital ta kwamfuta tsakanin kwamanda da mai harbi, tare da taimakon ta, ta hanyar na'urori masu auna bayanai (nau'in harsashi, zafin foda, lalacewar ganga, kusurwar pivot axis, gudun iska), gyare-gyare ga gun. An gabatar da kusurwoyi masu niyya cikin hangen kwamanda da maharan. Ana shigar da bayanan kan nisa zuwa manufa daga na'urar ganowa ta Laser a cikin kwamfutar ta atomatik. Na'urar daidaita makamin mai saukar ungulu guda biyu yana da injin injin lantarki. Yin niyya da harbe-harbe daga igwa da kuma bindigar coaxial na iya aiwatar da duka biyun mai harbi da kwamandan ta yin amfani da nau'ikan sarrafawa iri ɗaya. Maharbin, ƙari, an sanye shi da na'urorin tafi da gidanka don a tsaye da jujjuyawar turret.
Loader yana da na'ura mai jujjuyawar periscope 360 da aka sanya a gaban ƙyanƙyashe. Direban yana cikin sashin kulawa a gefen hagu na gaba. Yana da na'urorin kallo na periscopic guda uku. Kwararrun na Japan sun mai da hankali sosai wajen haɓaka motsi na tankin, ganin cewa a yawancin yankuna na Japan akwai wuraren da ba za a iya wucewa ba (filayen shinkafa laka, tsaunuka, da dai sauransu) Hanyoyin ƙasar suna da kunkuntar, gadoji a kansu suna da nasu. ƙananan iya aiki. Duk wannan iyakance yawan tanki, wanda shine ton 38. Tankin yana da ƙananan silhouette mai sauƙi - tsayinsa kawai 2,25 m. An samu wannan ta hanyar amfani da wani nau'i na dakatarwa na hydropneumatic, wanda ya ba ka damar canza yanayin ƙasa na abin hawa daga 200 mm zuwa 650 mm. , da kuma karkatar da tanki zuwa allon dama ko hagu duka gaba daya da wani bangare, dangane da filin.
Ana ba da sha'awar injin ta hanyar daidaita raka'o'in dakatarwar hydropneumatic guda huɗu waɗanda ke kan ƙafafun titin farko da na biyar na kowane gefe. Ƙarƙashin motar ba shi da abin nadi masu goyan baya. Jimlar tafiye-tafiyen abin nadi na waƙa shine mm 450. Za'a iya aiwatar da tashin hankali na caterpillars ta direba daga wurinsa tare da taimakon injin hydraulic na tsarin tashin hankali. Tankin yana amfani da nau'ikan waƙoƙi guda biyu (nisa 550 mm) tare da madaidaicin ƙarfe-karfe: waƙoƙin horarwa tare da waƙoƙin rubber da yaƙi duk-ƙarfe waƙoƙi tare da ƙwanƙwasawa. Injin da watsa tanki ana yin su ne a cikin toshe ɗaya.
An yi amfani da injin sanyaya iska mai nau'in V mai silinda 10 mai silinda da yawa 10 2P 22 WТ mai sanyaya iska a matsayin tashar wutar lantarki. An sanye shi da turbochargers guda biyu da aka haɗa ta gears zuwa crankshaft. An haɗa tuƙi na compressors (na injiniya daga injin da amfani da iskar gas). Wannan yana haɓaka martanin maƙura na injin bugun bugun jini sosai. Magoya bayan axial biyu na tsarin sanyaya suna a kwance a tsakanin tubalan Silinda. A matsakaicin saurin juyawa (2200 rpm), 120 hp ana cinyewa don fitar da magoya baya biyu. sec., wanda ya rage ikon inji daga 870 zuwa 750 lita. tare da. Dry engine nauyi 2200 kg. Baya ga man dizal na al'ada, yana iya aiki akan man fetur da kananzir jirgin sama.
Yawan man fetur shine lita 140 a kowace kilomita 100. Mitsubishi Cross-Drive na watsa ruwa na MT75A yana ba da kayan gaba guda shida da na'ura mai juyi guda ɗaya ba tare da ɓatar da fedar kama ba, wanda ake amfani da shi kawai lokacin farawa da dakatar da tanki. Tank "74" yana sanye da tsarin kariya daga makaman kare dangi. Zai iya shawo kan matsalolin ruwa har zuwa zurfin mita 4 tare da taimakon kayan aikin tuƙi na karkashin ruwa. Samar da tankuna na Type 74 ya ƙare a ƙarshen 1988. A lokacin, sojojin kasa sun karbi irin wadannan motoci guda 873. A kan tanki na "74", nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'i na 155-mm (wanda yake kama da Amurka M75 howitzer), gadon gada da gyare-gyaren sulke da motar dawo da Nau'in 109, halayen da suka dace da Jamusanci. Standard BREM, an halicce su. Tank Type 74 zuwa wasu ƙasashe ba a kawota ba da shiga cikin tashin hankali ba karba.
Halayen aikin babban tankin yaƙi Type 74
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A 1962, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries ya fara haɓaka babban tankin yaƙi. An gabatar da buƙatu masu zuwa a gaban waɗanda suka kirkiro sabon tanki: don ƙara ƙarfin wuta, don ƙara tsaro da motsi. Bayan shekaru bakwai na aiki, kamfanin ya gina na farko biyu prototypes, wanda ya samu nadi 8TV-1. Sun gwada irin waɗannan hanyoyin da suka haɗa da lodin injina, shigar da injin taimako, sarrafa bindigar hana jiragen sama daga cikin tanki, da daidaita makamai. A wancan lokacin, waɗannan sun kasance masu ƙarfin hali kuma ba a taɓa ganin su a cikin yanke shawara ba. Abin takaici, wasu daga cikinsu dole ne a yi watsi da su yayin samar da yawa. A shekarar 1971, an gina samfurin 8TV-3, a cikin abin da babu makanikai tsarin lodi. Samfurin ƙarshe, wanda aka keɓe 8TV-6, an ƙaddamar da shi a cikin 1973. A lokaci guda kuma, an yanke shawarar fara samar da sabuwar na'ura mai yawa, wanda a ƙarshe ya zama sananne da nau'in 74.
