Sabbin mayaka ga rundunar sojin saman Amurka
A cikin 1991, sojojin saman Amurka suna da mutane 4. jirgin sama na dabara tare da matsakaicin shekaru 8 shekaru, a halin yanzu akwai 2 daga cikinsu,
matsakaicin shekaru 26. Wannan ba lamari ne mai kyau ba.
Duniya tana sake canzawa, kamar yadda yanayin tsaro yake. Bayan shekaru masu yawa na zaman lafiya, lokacin da 'yan ta'adda masu tsattsauran ra'ayi suka haifar da babbar barazana, 'yan jihar sun sake shiga wurin. Wani sabon yakin sanyi ya fara, a wannan karon mai yawa - Amurka, Jamhuriyar Koriya, Japan, Ostiraliya da PRC da Amurka, NATO da Tarayyar Rasha, kuma akwai irin wannan kawancen namiji mai ban tsoro tsakanin Rasha da China. .. 1991 na dabara jirgin yaki da matsakaicin shekaru 4000 shekaru, kuma a halin yanzu yana da 8 irin wannan jirgin tare da matsakaicin shekaru 2000 shekaru. A yau, shawarar farko na kin ba da ƙarin umarni ga mayaka na ƙarni na 26 ana ɗaukar kuskure.
Lokacin yakin sanyi, wanda aka sani kuma yana haɓaka a yau, bai inganta ci gaban Rundunar Sojan Sama ba (USAF). A cikin wannan lokacin, an yi raguwa na tsari, wanda ya haifar da gaskiyar cewa Amurkawa a yau suna dauke da makamai na 1981 na dabarar yaki, PRC - 1810, Tarayyar Rasha - 1420. Gaskiya, a cikin jiragen sama na kasar Sin akwai 728 da suka wuce J-7. mayakan da 96 kusan tsofaffin mayakan J-8, amma sauran, irin su J-10, Su-27, J-11, Su-30 da J-16, sun yi daidai da na’urorin Amurka na ƙarni na huɗu.
F-16C Block 42 na 310 Squadron da F-35A na 61 Squadron, 56th Fighter Wing daga Luke AFB, Arizona. Rundunar Sojan Ilimi da Horarwa ce ke tafiyar da reshen.
Sabili da haka, lamarin ya zama abin ban tsoro, saboda Amurkawa suna da fa'ida kawai. Amma, kamar yadda ya bayyana, wannan ba koyaushe ba ne kuma ba koyaushe ake samar da mayaƙan ƙarni na 5 ba, galibi saboda sifofin su na dabara, wanda, kodayake a ƙa'idar yana da fa'ida mai girma a fagen fama, a lokaci guda yana gabatar da iyakokin da ke da alaƙa da yawa. , sabili da haka, motsin motsinsa, motsa jiki, dabarar dabara da amfani da wuraren dakatarwa na waje, wanda ke rage ƙarfin ɗaukar kaya da kewayon makaman jiragen sama. A halin da ake ciki, ana ci gaba da samun ci gaba na hanyoyin gano jiragen da ke satar jirgin.
Ana ci gaba da haɓaka na'urori masu wucewa, da kuma tashoshin radar tare da hanyar sadarwar eriya da aka rarraba (an ƙirƙira hanyar sadarwa ta hanyar watsawa da karɓar eriyar radar, waɗanda aka haɗa su cikin na'ura ɗaya, yayin da bugun bugun da eriyar ɗaya ta aiko ta wani zai iya karɓar). saboda. da kuma isassun ingantattun radars masu aiki a ƙananan mitoci, waɗanda kayan da ke ɗauke da radiation ba su warwatse yadda ya kamata kamar yadda manyan mitoci ke da alaƙa da tsarin sarrafa kashe gobara na tsarin makami mai linzami na jirgin sama da hangen nesa na mayaƙa. Akwai wasu tsare-tsare daban-daban da za su bi a boye, alal misali, ta hanyar tururuwa na jirage marasa matuka da nufin tilasta wa na’urorin kariya daga jiragen su lalata makamansu tun da farko, ta yadda kungiyoyin da ke yajin aikin za su tashi lafiya, sannan su kai hari a tashoshin radar don gano wuri na farko. da kuma kula da kashe gobara, da kuma harba makami mai linzami da ke sarrafa jiragen sama.
Wata matsalar da ke haifar da sauye-sauye a cikin rundunar jiragen sama na dabara ita ce canja wurin ayyuka da yawa na taimako sannu a hankali (ganewa da ƙira, yaƙin lantarki), da kuma ayyukan yajin aiki zuwa jiragen sama marasa matuƙi. Tambayar har yanzu tana nan a bude, wane bangare na ayyukan da motocin jirage marasa matuka za su yi a shekaru masu zuwa? Menene ƙungiya a cikin nau'in jirgin saman jagoran mutane da ɗaya ko fiye da jiragen sama marasa matuƙa don tallafawa ko aiwatar da wasu muhimman ayyuka na jirgin sama? Ta yaya hankali na wucin gadi zai taimaka? Kuma muna da ayyukan yaƙi masu zaman kansu na motocin jirage marasa matuƙa, ba tare da “jagoranci” daga jirgin sama ba. Har ma ana maganar kyamarorin jiragen yaki marasa matuka da ke yaki da makami mai linzami.
Wadannan ba su da saukin matsalolin, domin a yau yana da matukar wahala a iya hasashen ci gaban jiragen soja na dogon lokaci a wannan zamani na hauka na bunkasa fasahar sadarwa, yaki da intanet (hare-hare kan na’urorin jiragen sama da jiragen marasa matuka ta hanyar amfani da kwayoyin cutar kwamfuta; wannan shi ne. wani sabon abu ne gaba ɗaya wanda jiragen ruwa ke buƙatar rigakafi, a lokaci guda yana ba su ƙarfin iri ɗaya dangane da tsarin makami mai linzami na jiragen sama ko mayakan abokan gaba), bayanan ɗan adam, sarrafa kansa da robotization na fagen fama ...
Lockheed Martin F-16 Viper
Jirgin F-16 har yanzu shi ne babban nau'in mayaka na sojojin saman Amurka, duk da cewa rabon da yake da shi a cikin kayan aikin jiragen yaki na dabara yana raguwa a fili. A cikin tsarin aiki, i.e. a matsayin wani ɓangare na umarni guda uku: Air Combat Command (ACC; 152 F-16C da 19 F-16D) a cikin Amurka, USAF a Turai (USAFE; 75 F-16C da 4 F-16D) da Pacific Air Force (PACAF; 121) F- 16C da 12 F-16D) fuka-fukan iska guda hudu ne kawai ke da cikakken sanye take da F-16s: 35th Fighter Wing a Misawa Base a Japan (5th PACAF Air Force; 13th and 14th Fighter Squadrons, F-16 Block 50) , 8th Fighter Wing a Kunsan, Jamhuriyar Koriya (Na bakwai PACAF Air Force, 7th da 35th Fighter Squadrons, F-80 Block 16), 40th Fighter Wing a Shaw, South Carolina (20th Aviation Army ACC, 15th, 55th and 77th Fighter Squadrons, F- 79 Block 16) da kuma 50st Fighter Wing a Aviano, Italiya (USAF 31rd Aviation Army, 3th da 510th Fighter Squadrons, F-555 Block 16)). Ƙungiyoyin F-40 guda ɗaya masu zuwa a cikin reshe: 16th Fighter Squadron a matsayin wani ɓangare na 36st Fighter Wing a Osan Base a Jamhuriyar Korea (51th Air Force, F-7 Block 16), 40th Aggressor Squadron a matsayin wani ɓangare na 18th Airlift Wing a Eielson, Alaska (354th Air Force, F-11 Block 16), 30th Fighter Squadron tare da 64th Airlift Wing a Nellis, Nevada (57th Air Force, F-15 Block 16), 32th Fighter Squadron a matsayin wani ɓangare na 480nd Fighter Wing a Spangdalem a Jamus (Sojan Sama na 52, F-3 Block 16). Gabaɗaya, akwai ƙungiyoyi 50 na F-13 a cikin jirgin sama na yaƙi na Amurka, sanye take da "16" kujeru guda F-16Cs da kujeru biyu F-16Ds.
Ƙarin raka'a biyu (reshe da rukuni) na F-16s suna nan a cikin Dokar Ilimi da Horarwa na Air (83 F-16Cs da 51 F-16Ds). Wannan ita ce Ƙungiya ta 54th Fighter a Holloman, New Mexico tare da 8th Fighter Squadron (F-16 Block 40), 311th da 314th Fighter Squadrons (duka F-16 Block 42) da kuma 56th Fighter iska regiment a Luke Air Force Base a ciki. Arizona. - 309th Fighter Squadron (F-16 Block 25) da 310th Fighter Squadron (F-16 Block 42). Baya ga tawagogin biyu da ba a ambata a nan ba, wadanda jirginsu na Taiwan da Singapore ne, akwai karin wasu tawaga guda biyar. Akwai ƙungiyoyi biyu ne kawai suka rage a cikin Dokar Reserve na Air Force - 93rd Fighter Squadron na 482nd Fighter Wing a Homestead Air Force Base a Florida, ta yin amfani da F-16 Block 30 da kuma tashi iri ɗaya na 457th Fighter Squadron na 301st Wing. . Gidajen farauta a Fort Worth, Texas Baya ga Rundunar Tsaron Sama, Sojojin Sama na Amurka suna kula da 20 F-16 squadrons.
