Gasar masana'anta

Wani taron samarwa a cikin haɗin gwiwar ATR shine karɓar takardar shaidar nau'in da isar da kaya na farko ATR 72-600F. FedEx Express ne ya ba da odar jirgin, 30 da 20 zaɓuɓɓuka.

Embraer, Comac, Bombardier/de Havilland, ATR da Sukhoi sun isar da jiragen sadarwa na yanki 120 ga kamfanonin jiragen sama a bara. 48% kasa da shekara guda baya. Sakamakon da aka samu yana cikin mafi muni a cikin ƴan shekarun da suka gabata sakamakon COVID-19 da raguwar zirga-zirgar jiragen sama da kuma buƙatar sabbin jiragen sama. Embraer na Brazil ya kasance jagoran masana'anta, yana ba da gudummawar E-Jet 44 (-51%). Comac na kasar Sin (24 ARJ21-700) ya sami karuwa sau biyu a cikin samarwa, yayin da ATR ya sami raguwar ninki 6,8. Bugu da kari, ana gudanar da aikin samfurin Xian MA700 na kasar Sin turboprop, kuma an dakatar da shirin na Mitsubishi SpaceJet na wani dan lokaci.

Hanyoyin yanki sun mamaye babban kaso a kasuwar sufurin jiragen sama ta duniya. Jirgin da ke da kujeru dozin da yawa ana sarrafa su ne, mafi shaharar su sune jet: Embraery E-Jets da ERJ, Bombardiery CRJ, Suchoj Superjet SSJ100 da turboprops: ATR 42/72, Bombardiery Dash Q, SAAB 340 da de de Havilland Twin. Otter

A bara, kamfanonin jiragen sama sun yi amfani da jiragen sama na yanki 8000, wanda ke wakiltar kashi 27% na jiragen ruwa na duniya. Adadin su ya canza sosai, yana nuna tasirin coronavirus akan aikin dillalai (daga kashi 20 zuwa 80% na jirgin da aka dakatar). A watan Agusta, Bombardier CRJ700/9/10 (29%) da Embraery E-Jets (31%) sun sami mafi ƙanƙanta kashi na fakin jirgin sama, yayin da CRJ100/200 (57%) ya kasance mafi girma.

Gasa da haɗin gwiwa a cikin masana'antar zirga-zirgar jiragen sama ya haifar da masana'antun jiragen sama na yanki da yawa a halin yanzu suna aiki a kasuwa. Mafi girma daga cikinsu sune Embraer Brazil, Comac na China, Franco-Italian ATR, Rasha Sukhoi, Canadian de Havilland da Mitsubishi na Japan, kuma mafi kwanan nan Ilyushin na Rasha tare da Il-114-300.

Embraer ya samar da 44 E-Jets, yawancin su E175s (raka'a 32). Hoton yana nuna E175 a cikin launuka na yankin Amurka na Amurka Eagle.

Ayyukan furodusoshi a cikin 2020

A bara, masana'antun sun ba da jiragen sadarwa na yanki 120 zuwa masu dako, ciki har da: Embraer - 44 (37% kasuwar kasuwa), Comac - 24 (20%), Bombardier / Mitsubishi - 17, Suchoj - 14, de Havilland - 11 da ATR - 10 Wannan ya kai kasa da 109 idan aka kwatanta da na shekarar da ta gabata (229) da 121 kasa da na 2018. Jiragen da aka kawo sun kasance injuna na zamani da masu kare muhalli kuma sun kai dubu 11,5. kujerun fasinja (tsari mai aji ɗaya).

Bayanan samarwa na 2020 da tsire-tsire suka fitar ya nuna yadda cutar ta COVID-19 ta yi mummunan tasiri ga sakamakon su. Sun zama mafi muni a cikin ƴan shekarun da suka gabata, wanda ke da alaƙa da raguwar buƙatun tafiye-tafiye ta sama da kuma raguwar adadin odar sabbin jiragen sama. Idan aka kwatanta da shekarar da ta gabata, mafi girma, sau 6,8, raguwar samarwa an rubuta shi ta lakabin Faransanci-Italiya ATR (Avions de Transport Régional), da Embraer Brazil (Empresa Brasileira de Aeronáutica SA) - ta sau 2. Comac (Kamfanin Jirgin Sama na Kasuwanci na China) ne kawai ya ba da rahoton sakamako mai kyau, wanda ya ba da ninki biyu na jiragen sama ga masu dako. Lokacin da ake kimanta aikin Bombardier, ya kamata a la'akari da cewa tare da siyar da shirin jirgin sama na CRJ ga Mitsubishi, masana'antar Kanada ta yanke shawarar kin karbar sabbin umarni, kuma dukkan ayyukanta a bara sun mayar da hankali kan cika wasu wajibai da suka wuce.

Bugu da kari, jirgin farko na kasar Rasha Il-114-300 turboprop ne ya yi, kuma kamfanin Xian MA700 na kasar Sin ya kasance a mataki na gwaje-gwaje a tsaye da kuma kera samfurin gwajin jirgin. Koyaya, Mitsubishi SpaceJet na farko (tsohon MRJ) ya ci gaba da gwajin takaddun shaida na 'yan watanni kawai, tunda an dakatar da aiwatar da shirin na ɗan lokaci tun daga Oktoba. A cikin shekara ta biyu a jere ba a samar da Antonov An-148, musamman saboda tabarbarewar dangantakar tattalin arziki tsakanin Ukraine da Rasha (jirgin da aka samar a kusa da hadin gwiwa tare da Aviat shuka a Kyiv da kuma Rasha VASO).

44 Jirgin sama na Embraer

Embraer dan Brazil shi ne na uku mafi girma wajen kera jiragen sadarwa a duniya. Ya kasance a cikin kasuwar sufurin jiragen sama tun 1969 kuma ya kai raka'a 8000. A matsakaita, kowane sakan 10, jirgin Embraer yana tashi a wani wuri a duniya, yana ɗaukar fasinjoji sama da miliyan 145 a shekara. A shekarar da ta gabata, Embraer ya mika jiragen sadarwa guda 44 ga ma’aikata, wanda sau biyu kasa da shekara guda (89). Daga cikin motocin da aka samar akwai: 32 E175, 7 E195-E2, 4 E190-E2 da E190 guda daya.

An isar da Embraers 175 (raka'a 32) ga dillalan yanki na Amurka: United Express (raka'a 16), Eagle America (9), Haɗin Delta (6) da ɗaya don Belarusian Belavia. An ƙera jiragen sama na Amurka Eagle, Delta Connection da layin Belarus don ɗaukar fasinjoji 76 a cikin tsari mai tsari biyu (12 a cikin kasuwanci da 64 a cikin tattalin arziki), yayin da United Express ke ɗaukar fasinjoji 70. Ya kamata a lura cewa a mafi yawan lokuta manyan kamfanonin jiragen sama na Amurka United Airlines (16) da American Airlines (8) ne suka ba da odar jirgin, wanda aka yi niyya don masu jigilar fasinjojin da ke kai fasinjoji zuwa cibiyoyinsu.

Wanda ya karɓi Embraer 190 ɗaya shine layin yanki na Faransa HOP! Kamfanin jiragen sama na Air France. An ba da oda a cikin tsari na aji ɗaya don kujerun aji 100 na tattalin arziki. A gefe guda kuma, an mika jiragen Embraer 190-E2 sabbin jiragen guda hudu zuwa ga Swiss Helvetic Airways. Kamar sauran masu ɗaukar kaya, an daidaita su don ɗaukar fasinjoji 110 a kujerun ajin tattalin arziki.

Mafi yawan duka, jirage bakwai, an kera su a cikin nau'in E195-E2. Shida daga cikinsu a baya kamfanin haya na Irish AerCap ya ba da kwangila ga Azul Linhas Aéreas na Brazil mai rahusa (5) da Belarusian Belavia. Jirgin saman layin Brazil an daidaita shi don ɗaukar fasinjoji 136 a cikin tsari guda ɗaya, kuma Belarusian mai aji biyu na ɗaya - fasinjoji 124. Ɗayan E195-E2 (cikin 13 da aka ba da oda) an kera shi don zaman lafiyar Najeriya a ƙarshen shekara. African Line shine ma'aikaci na farko da ya gabatar da wani sabon abu, wanda ake kira. ƙirar dara don tsara kujerun ajin kasuwanci. An tsara jirgin a cikin tsari na aji biyu don fasinjoji 124 (12 a cikin kasuwanci da 112 cikin tattalin arziki). Ya kamata a lura cewa aikin E195-E2 na baya-bayan nan ya fi na tsofaffin samfuran E195. Kudin kulawa ya ragu da kashi 20% (tsakanin bincike na asali shine sa'o'i 10-25) kuma yawan man da fasinja ke amfani da shi yana da ƙasa da 1900%. Wannan ya fi girma saboda tashar wutar lantarki ta tattalin arziki (Pratt & Whitney PWXNUMXG jerin injuna tare da babban digiri na biyu), mafi haɓakar fuka-fuki na aerodynamically (an maye gurbin tukwici tare da fuka-fuki), da kuma sababbin tsarin avionics.